Neuropeptide Y and glutamatergic mechanisms in the amygdala and ventral hippocampus differentially mediate impaired social behavior in diabetic mice.

Though patients with diabetes mellitus are reported to show deficits in social interaction, the mechanisms of these impairments are unclear. The present study investigated the role of AMPA and neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors in the ventral hippocampus (vHC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) in the social behavior of diabetic mice. In the three-chamber test, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice showed impairment in social novelty preference, but not in sociability.

Increase in neuropeptide Y activity impairs social behaviour in association with glutamatergic dysregulation in diabetic mice.

Background And Purpose: Patients with diabetes mellitus are reported to show a raised prevalence of mental disorders, which may be reflected in impaired social interaction. However, the mechanisms underlying such impairment in diabetes are unknown.

Experimental Approach: The present study investigated whether social interaction is impaired in diabetic mice and whether central neuropeptide Y (NPY) and glutamatergic function are involved in such impairment.

GABAergic function in the lateral hypothalamus regulates feeding behavior: Possible mediation via orexin.

Aim: The lateral hypothalamus (LH) is known as the hunger center, but the mechanisms through which the LH regulates food intake are unclear. Since GABA neurons are reported to project to the LH, the present study investigated the role of GABAergic function in the LH in the regulation of feeding behavior.

Methods: GABA levels in the LH were measured by in vivo microdialysis.

Dopaminergic mechanisms in the lateral hypothalamus regulate feeding behavior in association with neuropeptides.

This study investigated dopaminergic function in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) in the regulation of feeding behavior. Refeeding increased dopamine levels in the LH. Glucose injection also increased dopamine levels in the LH.

Heat capacity of simple liquids in light of hydrodynamics as U(1) gauge theory.

We investigate the heat capacity of simple liquids through a theoretical approach based on a quasiparticle description. By interpreting the microscopic dynamics of particles in liquids in terms of quasiparticles, we suggest a simplified understanding of the number of degrees of freedom in liquids. A equivalence between hydrodynamics and U(1) gauge theory, which is proposed in the present paper, develops the quasiparticle description to construct a new Lagrangian which correctly reproduces the number of modes at the melting points and at the critical points.