Globular-shaped Aβ oligomers have diverse mechanisms for promoting Aβ aggregations with the facilitation of fibril elongation.

The accumulation of amyloid β-proteins (Aβ) in the extracellular space, forming insoluble plaques, is a primary pathological process underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among the various Aβ species that appear during Aβ aggregation, Aβ oligomers are considered the most neurotoxic form. However, the precise mechanisms of their molecular functions within the Aβ aggregation cascade have not been clarified so far.

Plasma amyloid-β biomarkers are associated with Alzheimer's disease comorbidity in Lewy body disease.

No blood biomarkers which can identify Alzheimer's disease pathology in Lewy body disease (LBD) have ever been established. We showed that the plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) /Aβ ratio was significantly decreased in patients with Aβ+ LBD compared with those with Aβ- LBD and it might be a useful biomarker.