The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor DEC2 inhibits TGF-β-induced tumor progression in human pancreatic cancer BxPC-3 cells.

The basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factor DEC2 is associated with the regulation of apoptosis, circadian rhythm and the response to hypoxia. However, the significance of DEC2 in pancreatic cancer remains unknown. Here, we showed for the first time that DEC2 inhibits the progression of human pancreatic cancer.

Smad3 and Snail show circadian expression in human gingival fibroblasts, human mesenchymal stem cell, and in mouse liver.

Smads are intracellular signaling mediators. Complexes of Smad2 and Smad3 with Smad4 transmit transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) receptor-induced signaling. Snail plays important roles in mesoderm formation, gastrulation, neural crest development, and epithelial mesenchymal transition.