Antiinflammatory triterpenoids from the fruiting bodies of Fomitopsis pinicola.

Twelve undescribed lanostane-type triterpenes, and twenty-two known triterpenes were isolated and identified from a medicinal bracket fungus Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) P. Karst.

Application of Lanthanide Shift Reagent to the H-NMR Assignments of Acridone Alkaloids.

This study investigates the application of the paramagnetic shift reagent tris(dipivaloylmethanato)-europium(III) in NMR spectral studies of permethoxyacridone alkaloids (-) and pyranoacridone alkaloids (-). The induced chemical shifts (∆δ) of all protons were observed for the same molecule, and were compared to deduce the positions resulting from the distance nearby the Eu(dpm). Assignment of the H-2, H-4 and H-8 of polysubstituted acridones could be distinguished based on the least-squares method of lanthanide-induced shifts plotted against the mole ratios of Eu(dpm) to the substrate.

Anti-inflammatory principles from Lindera aggregata.

Four new sesquiterpenes (1-4), one new alkaloid (5), and one new benzenoid glycoside (6) were characterized from Lindera aggregata, and their structures were elucidated according to their spectrometric analytical data. Among these isolates, 3 and 4 were constructed as possessing unprecedented carbon skeletons from the natural source. Some of these purified constituents were examined for their anti-inflammatory bioactivity.

Bioassay-guided purification of sesquiterpenoids from the fruiting bodies of and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Twelve undescribed sesquiterpenoids, fomitopins A-L (1-12), were isolated bioassay-guided purification from the bracket fungus (Sw.) P. Karst, and this fungus have been reported to exhibit anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities.

A feasible and practical H NMR analytical method for the quality control and quantification of bioactive principles in Lycii Fructus.

Lycii Fructus, a solanaceous drug, is widely used as functional foods and in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Samples collected from different regions of China have been found to be not identical in chemical compositions which might affect the biological activities. Although many chromatographic and spectrometric methods have been reported to determine the concentration of betaine and other bioactive amino acids, disturbance resulted from other polar substances with low UV-absorbance and expensive mass facilities reduced the applicability of these techniques.

Relaxant and vasoprotective effects of ginger extracts on porcine coronary arteries.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a popular Chinese herbal medicine, which is considered to warm the stomach and dispel cold in traditional Chinese medicine. Ginger is widely used to treat stomach disorders, and it has been reported to exhibit antithrombotic activity via the inhibition of platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 production in vitro. Cardiovascular disease is associated with the aberrant functioning of the heart and circulatory system; the relatively narrow vessels of the circulation are commonly affected and blocked by atherosclerosis, which may result in angina or heart attack.

Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Constituents from the Peels of Citrus grandis.

A series of chromatographic separations performed on the ethanol extracts of the peels of Citrus grandis has led to the characterization of forty compounds, including seventeen coumarins, eight flavonoids, two triterpenoids, four benzenoids, two steroids, one lignan, one amide, and five other compounds, respectively. The chemical structures of the purified constituents were identified on the basis of spectroscopic elucidation, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectrometric analysis. Most of the isolated compounds were examined for their inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils.

Chemical Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Principles from the Fruits of Forsythia suspensa.

Fifty compounds were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa, including 13 new compounds characterized as eight new diterpenoids (1-8), three new lignans (9-11), a new iridoid (12), and a new triterpenoid (13). Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis. Most of the isolated compounds were examined for their anti-inflammatory activity in vitro.

Effect of protriptyline on [Ca] and viability in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) have been clinically prescribed in the auxiliary treatment of cancer patients. Although protriptyline, a type of TCA, was used primarily in the clinical treatment of mood disorders in cancer patients, the effect of protriptyline on physiology in human osteosarcoma is unknown. This study examined the effect of protriptyline on cytosolic free Caconcentrations ([Ca]) and viability in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells.

Effect of NPC15199 on [Ca²⁺]i and viability in SCM1 human gastric cancer cells.

NPC15199 is a synthesized compound that inhibits inflammation in some models. However, whether NPC15199 affects Ca²⁺ homeostasis in human gastric cancer is unclear. This study examined the effect of NPC15199 on cytosolic free Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺]i) and viability in SCM1 human gastric cancer cells.

Effect of 2,5-dimethylphenol on Ca(2+) movement and viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells.

The phenolic compound 2,5-dimethylphenol is a natural product. 2,5-Dimethylphenol has been shown to affect rat hepatic and pulmonary microsomal metabolism. However, the effect of 2,5-dimethylphenol on Ca(2+ )signaling and cyotoxicity has never been explored in any culture cells.

The investigation of minoxidil-induced [Ca] rises and non-Ca-triggered cell death in PC3 human prostate cancer cells.

Minoxidil is clinically used to prevent hair loss. However, its effect on Ca homeostasis in prostate cancer cells is unclear. This study explored the effect of minoxidil on cytosolic-free Ca levels ([Ca]) and cell viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells.

Ca Signaling and Cell Death Induced by Protriptyline in HepG2 Human Hepatoma Cells.

The effect of protriptyline on Ca physiology in human hepatoma is unclear. This study explored the effect of protriptyline on [Ca ] and cytotoxicity in HepG2 human hepatoma cells. Protriptyline (50-150 μM) evoked [Ca ] rises.

Ca²⁺ Movement Induced by Deltamethrin in PC3 Human Prostate Cancer Cells.

This study explored the effect of deltamethrin, a pesticide, on intracellular free Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]i) in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Deltamethrin at concentrations between 5 μM and 20 μM evoked [Ca²⁺]i rises in a concentration-dependent manner. This Ca²⁺ signal was inhibited by 22% by removal of extracellular Ca²⁺.

The effect of gallic acid on cytotoxicity, Ca(2+) homeostasis and ROS production in DBTRG-05MG human glioblastoma cells and CTX TNA2 rat astrocytes.

Gallic acid, a polyhydroxylphenolic compound, is widely distributed in various plants, fruits and foods. It has been shown that gallic acid passes into blood brain barrier and reaches the brain tissue of middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. However, the effect of gallic acid on Ca(2+) signaling in glia cells is unknown.

The effect of the phenol compound ellagic acid on Ca(2+) homeostasis and cytotoxicity in liver cells.

Ellagic acid, a natural phenol compound found in numerous fruits and vegetables, causes various physiological effects in different cell models. However, the effect of this compound on Ca(2+) homeostasis in liver cells is unknown. This study examined the effect of ellagic acid on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and established the relationship between Ca(2+) signaling and cytotoxicity in liver cells.

The effect of oleuropein from olive leaf (Olea europaea) extract on Ca²⁺ homeostasis, cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution and ROS signaling in HepG2 human hepatoma cells.

Oleuropein, a phenolic compound found in the olive leaf (Olea europaea), has been shown to have biological activities in different models. However, the effects of oleuropein on Ca(2+) homeostasis, cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution and ROS signaling in liver cells have not been analyzed. Oleuropein induced [Ca(2+)]i rises only in HepG2 cells but not in AML12, HA22T or HA59T cells due to the different status of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase expression.

Effect of Miconazole on [Ca²⁺]i and Cytotoxicity in ZR-75-1 Human Breast Cancer Cells.

The effect of the antifungal drug miconazole on Ca²⁺ signaling in human breast cancer cells is unknown. This study examined the effect of miconazole on cytosolic free Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺]i) in ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells. The Ca²⁺-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2 was used to measure [Ca²⁺]i.

γ- and δ-Lactams from the Leaves of Clausena lansium.

Eight new clausenamides, including three γ-lactams (1-3), four δ-lactams (4-7), and an amide (8), and seven known lactams, including compounds 9-11, which were purified from natural sources for the first time, were characterized from the leaves of Clausena lansium. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, and the absolute configurations were determined using electronic circular dichroism and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses with Cu Kα radiation. Compound 2 (50 μM) protected 22.

Esculetin, a natural coumarin compound, evokes Ca(2+) movement and activation of Ca(2+)-associated mitochondrial apoptotic pathways that involved cell cycle arrest in ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells.

Esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin), a derivative of coumarin compound, is found in traditional medicinal herbs. It has been shown that esculetin triggers diverse cellular signal transduction pathways leading to regulation of physiology in different models. However, whether esculetin affects Ca(2+) homeostasis in breast cancer cells has not been explored.

The Mechanism of Safrole-Induced [Ca²⁺]i Rises and Non-Ca²⁺-Triggered Cell Death in SCM1 Human Gastric Cancer Cells.

Safrole is a carcinogen found in plants. The effect of safrole on cytosolic free Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺](i)) and viability in SCM1 human gastric cancer cells was explored. The Ca²⁺-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2 was applied to measure [Ca²⁺](i).

Effect of NPC-14686 (Fmoc-l-Homophenylalanine) on Ca²⁺ Homeostasis and Viability in OC2 Human Oral Cancer Cells.

The effect of the anti-inflammatory compound NPC-14686 on intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺](i)) and viability in OC2 human oral cancer cells was investigated. The Ca²⁺-sensitive fluorescent probe fura-2 was used to examine [Ca²⁺](i). NPC-14686 induced [Ca²⁺](i) rises in a concentration-dependent fashion.

The Mechanism of Ca(2+) Movement in the Involvement of Baicalein-Induced Cytotoxicity in ZR-75-1 Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone) (1) has been found to be active against a wide variety of cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of 1 on the induction of Ca(2+) movement and cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cells is unknown. This study examined the relationship between 1-induced Ca(2+) signaling and cytotoxicity in ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells.

The mechanism of protriptyline-induced Ca2+ movement and non-Ca2+-triggered cell death in PC3 human prostate cancer cells.

Protriptyline, a tricyclic anti-depressant, is used primarily to treat the combination of symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, the effect of protriptyline on prostate caner is unknown. This study examined whether the anti-depressant protriptyline altered Ca(2+) movement and cell viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells.

Effect of Antidepressant Doxepin on Ca²⁺ Homeostasis and Viability in PC3 Human Prostate Cancer Cells.

The effect of the antidepressant doxepin on cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺](i)) and viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells was explored. The Ca²⁺-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2 was applied to measure [Ca²⁺](i). Doxepin at concentrations of 500-1000 μM induced a [Ca²⁺](i) rise in a concentration-dependent manner.