Proteostasis Decline and Redox Imbalance in Age-Related Diseases: The Therapeutic Potential of NRF2.

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master regulator of cellular homeostasis, overseeing the expression of a wide array of genes involved in cytoprotective processes such as antioxidant and proteostasis control, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and the metabolism of lipids and glucose. The accumulation of misfolded proteins triggers the release, stabilization, and nuclear translocation of NRF2, which in turn enhances the expression of critical components of both the proteasomal and lysosomal degradation pathways. This process facilitates the clearance of toxic protein aggregates, thereby actively maintaining cellular proteostasis.

Interventions by Cardiovascular Drugs Against Aircraft Noise-Induced Cardiovascular Oxidative Stress and Damage.

Noise pollution is a known health risk factor and evidence for cardiovascular diseases associated with traffic noise is growing. At least 20% of the European Union's population lives in noise-polluted areas with exposure levels exceeding the recommended limits of the World Health Organization, which is considered unhealthy by the European Environment Agency. This results in the annual loss of 1.

Exposomic Determinants of Atherosclerosis: Recent Evidence.

Purpose Of Review: The exposome refers to the total environmental exposures a person encounters throughout life, and its relationship with human health is increasingly studied. This non-systematic review focuses on recent research investigating the effects of environmental factors-such as air pollution, noise, greenspace, neighborhood walkability, and metallic pollutants-on atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease.

Recent Findings: Studies show that long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter can impair endothelial function and elevate adhesion molecule levels, leading to vascular damage.

Absence of MCJ/DnaJC15 promotes brown adipose tissue thermogenesis.

Obesity poses a global health challenge, demanding a deeper understanding of adipose tissue (AT) and its mitochondria. This study describes the role of the mitochondrial protein Methylation-controlled J protein (MCJ/DnaJC15) in orchestrating brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Here we show how MCJ expression decreases during obesity, as evident in human and mouse adipose tissue samples.

[The effects of environmental stressors on cardiovascular health].

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for the premature deaths of more than 38 million people each year, making them the leading cause of the global burden of disease, accounting for 70% of global mortality. The majority of these deaths are caused by cardiovascular diseases. The risk of NCDs is closely related to exposure to environmental stressors such as air pollution, noise pollution, artificial light at night, and climate change, including extreme heat, sandstorms, and wildfires.

Noise causes cardiovascular disease: it's time to act.

Background: Chronic transportation noise is an environmental stressor affecting a substantial portion of the population. The World Health Organization (WHO) and various studies have established associations between transportation noise and cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and arrhythmia. The WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines and recent reviews confirm a heightened risk of cardiovascular incidents with increasing transportation noise levels.

E-cigarettes and vaping, new spotlight on smoking as an old cardiovascular risk factor?

Smoking is one of the leading causes of chronic non-communicable diseases and a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. While global tobacco consumption has decreased over the past two decades, the use of e‑cigarettes and water pipes (shisha) has surged at an alarming rate, particularly among younger individuals. E‑cigarettes do not offer a completely risk-free alternative to traditional cigarettes, as the vast array of flavors and ease of use contribute to a growing number of dependent users.

Challenges posed by climate hazards to cardiovascular health and cardiac intensive care: implications for mitigation and adaptation.

Global warming, driven by increased greenhouse gas emissions, has led to unprecedented extreme weather events, contributing to higher morbidity and mortality rates from a variety of health conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). The disruption of multiple planetary boundaries has increased the probability of connected, cascading, and catastrophic disasters with magnified health impacts on vulnerable populations. While the impact of climate change can be manifold, non-optimal air temperatures (NOTs) pose significant health risks from cardiovascular events.

Exposure to aircraft noise exacerbates cardiovascular and oxidative damage in three mouse models of diabetes.

Background: Epidemiology links noise to increased risk of metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity. Translational studies in humans and experimental animals showed that noise causes reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cardiovascular damage. The interaction between noise and diabetes, specifically potential additive adverse effects, remains to be determined.

Soil and water pollution and cardiovascular disease.

Healthy, uncontaminated soils and clean water support all life on Earth and are essential for human health. Chemical pollution of soil, water, air and food is a major environmental threat, leading to an estimated 9 million premature deaths worldwide. The Global Burden of Disease study estimated that pollution was responsible for 5.

Burden of disease in Germany attributed to ambient particulate matter pollution : Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Introduction: Ambient fine particulate matter pollution with a diameter less than 2.5 micrometers (PM) is a significant risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), leading to a substantial disease burden, decreased quality of life, and deaths globally. This study aimed to investigate the disease and mortality burdens attributed to PM in Germany in 2019.

Effects of Short-Term Gluten-Free Diet on Cardiovascular Biomarkers and Quality of Life in Healthy Individuals: A Prospective Interventional Study.

Introduction: The exposome concept includes nutrition as it significantly influences human health, impacting the onset and progression of diseases. Gluten-containing wheat products are an essential source of energy for the world's population. However, a rising number of non-celiac healthy individuals tend to reduce or completely avoid gluten-containing cereals for health reasons.

Myeloid cell-derived interleukin-6 induces vascular dysfunction and vascular and systemic inflammation.

Aims: The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a central role in the inflammation cascade as well as cardiovascular disease progression. Since myeloid cells are a primary source of IL-6 formation, we aimed to generate a mouse model to study the role of myeloid cell-derived IL-6 in vascular disease.

Methods And Results: Interleukin-6-overexpressing (IL-6) mice were generated and crossed with LysM-Cre mice, to generate mice (LysM-IL-6 mice) overexpressing the cytokine in myeloid cells.

Association between socioeconomic and psychosocial factors with use of interventional and surgical treatments and outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction - Inpatient data of the largest European health care system.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is an important driver of both morbidity and mortality on a global scale. Elucidating social inequalities may help to identify vulnerable groups as well as treatment imbalances and guide efforts to improve care for MI.

Methods: All hospitalized patient-cases with confirmed MI 2005-2020 in Germany were included in the study and stratified for socioeconomic or psychosocial factors (SPF) and the impact of SPF on treatment usage and adverse in-hospital events was analyzed.

Transportation Noise Pollution and Cardiovascular Health.

Epidemiological studies have found that transportation noise increases the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with solid evidence for ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. According to the World Health Organization, at least 1.6 million healthy life years are lost annually from traffic-related noise in Western Europe.

Biomarkers of NRF2 signalling: Current status and future challenges.

The cytoprotective transcription factor NRF2 regulates the expression of several hundred genes in mammalian cells and is a promising therapeutic target in a number of diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, an ability to monitor basal and inducible NRF2 signalling is vital for mechanistic understanding in translational studies. Due to some caveats related to the direct measurement of NRF2 levels, the modulation of NRF2 activity is typically determined by measuring changes in the expression of one or more of its target genes and/or the associated protein products.

Noise annoyance due to different sources is associated with tinnitus presence and distress in the general population.

Background: The pathophysiology of tinnitus is not yet fully understood. Although there is a large amount of evidence associating traffic noise exposure with non-auditory health outcomes, there is no evidence regarding the impact of noise annoyance on auditory disorders such as tinnitus.

Objective: Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between noise annoyance due to different sources and tinnitus presence and distress in the general population.

Crosstalk between Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Caused by Noise and Air Pollution-Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases are often referred to as diseases of old age, and with the aging population, they are gaining scientific and medical interest. Environmental stressors, most notably traffic noise and air pollution, have recently come to the forefront, and have emerged as disease risk factors. The evidence for a connection between environmental risk factors and neurodegenerative disease is growing.