Coumarins are benzopyrones found in several plant genera, including (Asteraceae). These compounds represent an important source of new treatments, especially as antimicrobial and antifungal agents. In this study, two coumarin-rich extracts from using green technologies were obtained through aqueous maceration (AE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalassezia pachydermatis is often reported as the causative agent of dermatitis in dogs. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of azoles and terbinafine (TRB), alone and in combination with the 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives (8-HQs) clioquinol (CQL), 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-(n-4-chlorophenyl)sulfonamide (PH151), and 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-(n-4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonamide (PH153), against 16 M. pachydermatis isolates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has required the search for sensitive, rapid, specific, and lower-cost diagnostic methods to meet the high demand. The gold standard method of laboratory diagnosis is real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, this method is costly and results can take time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
April 2024
Fungal melanin contributes to the survival and virulence of pathogenic fungi, such as Fonsecaea pedrosoi, which is responsible for causing chromoblastomycosis. The objective of this study was to employ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to predict the melanin content of F. pedrosoi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBaker is used popularly for the treatment of skin infections. So, this study aimed investigate the antimicrobial activity and chemical characterization of the essential oil (EO) against microorganisms that cause cutaneous infections. The EO was analyzed by GC-MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe lagoons are fragile ecosystems used by several species as a refuge and breeding area, and it is also a place where certain communities practice fishing activity. With increasing urbanization around this ecosystem, pesticides used in agriculture and untreated urban wastewater are drained into the river basin, resulting in the dispersion of organic matter and antifungals used by the population and farmers. These may favor the selection of resistant pathogens directly into the environment, a concern since several fungi have emerged as pathogens in the last decades.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dermatophytoses affect more than 20% of the world's population and is caused by filamentous fungi, mainly of the genus Trichophyton. The species identification through microscopic direct examination and culture methods is challenging, with molecular presenting high sensitivity and specificity. Although there are several therapy options for dermatophyte infections, treatment failures and antifungal resistance are growing concerns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Appl Acarol
September 2021
Tetranychus urticae Koch and Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks are mite species considered capable of attaining pest levels, damaging a range of agricultural crops. The Pampa biome is characterized by the high biodiversity it houses, particularly microbial diversity, which highlights its potential for developing microorganisms that can provide biological control of arthropods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of four fungal isolates from the soil of the Pampa biome in the biological control of T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCephalexin (CEX) is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals. However, it is also a micropollutant. Thus, this study evaluated the degradation of CEX using ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) and analyzed the by-products as well as their residual antimicrobial activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic subcutaneous infection caused by genera of melanized fungi: , , , , and . Melanin is a virulence factor known to influence antifungal susceptibility. A specific inhibitor of melanin biosynthesis is tricyclazole.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a skin and subcutaneous infection caused by species of seven fungal genera. Identification of CBM species is performed by DNA sequencing of one or more genes, which becomes a time-consuming work. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) has been used for the identification of other microorganisms, however, only one CBM genus was evaluated by FTIR analysis to date.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMelanins are a diverse group of dark pigments with similar properties. In fungi, the most studied is the dihydroxynaphtalene (DHN)-melanin, present in several species including all the chromoblastomycosis agents, a chronic, disabling, and recalcitrant subcutaneous mycosis. It is synthesized in a pathway known as the pentaketide pathway, which has the agrochemical tricyclazole as an inhibitor, widely used in in vitro studies because it does not prevent the growth of fungi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFonsecaea pedrosoi is one of the main agents of chromoblastomycosis, a chronic subcutaneous mycosis. Itraconazole (ITC) is the most used antifungal in its treatment, however, in vitro antifungal susceptibility tests are important to define the best therapy. These tests are standardized by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), but these protocols have limitations such as the high complexity, cost and time to conduct.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report a case of a 56-year-old Brazilian woman, with relapsing lepromatous leprosy, and onychomycosis caused by a non-dermatophyte filamentous fungi. The pathogenic fungi was identified as and treated with chemical abrasion of the nail with 40% urea and application of terbinafine cream. Onychomycosis caused by species is rare, and this is the second reported case.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe stored food mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae) has been associated with the presence of several fungal species. The aims of this work were to evaluate T. putrescentiae population growth associated to environmental and medically important fungal species to determine on which fungal species populations of T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalassezia pachydermatis is a yeast that is commonly found in the skin of most animals. Changes in the physical, chemical or immunological processes of the skin may render the host more susceptible to the yeast, which then may cause otitis, dermatitis or, less often, systemic infection. We tested the pathogenicity of M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic granulomatous mycosis caused by dematiaceous fungi that affects cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues. The standard antifungal drug for treatment is itraconazole, followed by terbinafine. However, cure rates vary from 15% to 80% when these drugs are used as monotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous infection caused by melanized fungal species. We quantified the extractable melanin of 77 strains of CBM agents distributed within five genera. Moreover, resistance to oxidative stress was evaluated in strains exposed or not to the melanin inhibitor tricyclazole.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To evaluate the in vitro activity of 8% rosemary, 2% castor oils, and 12% propolis glycolic extract against Candida albicans, as well as the physical changes of properties in colorless and pink acrylic resins after immersion in these liquids.
Materials And Methods: Colorimetric, roughness, and Knoop microhardness assays were evaluated in 25 specimens distributed into five groups (3 test groups and 2 control groups - distilled water and hypochlorite 1%), totaling five specimens per group for each acrylic resin (colorless and pink). The specimens were individually immersed for 30 minutes in 10 mL of these liquids, washed, and dried once a week.
We report a case of a patient with lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis in the right upper limb. The fungus was identified as senso stricto by calmodulin gene sequencing. The initial treatment was itraconazole (200 mg/day), but antifungal susceptibility demonstrated high resistant to this and another six antifungals, with exception to terbinafine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFusarium species have emerged as an important human pathogen in skin disease, onychomycosis, keratitis and invasive disease. Onychomycosis caused by Fusarium spp. The infection has been increasingly described in the immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report a case of chromoblastomycosis in lesions on the chest and foot. Itraconazole was chosen as the initial treatment for this patient, who was followed up for 8 months before becoming noncompliant. The pathogenic fungal species was identified as by ITS region sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe human mutilating disease chromoblastomycosis is caused by melanized members of the order Chaetothyriales. To assess population diversity among 123 clinical strains of agents of the disease in Brazil we applied sequencing of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region, and partial cell division cycle and β-tubulin genes. Strains studied were limited to three clusters divided over the single family Herpotrichiellaceae known to comprise agents of the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCandida is a common fungus with the capacity to cause infections in humans. However, most studies have concentrated on clinical isolates and little is known about the identity, ecology and drug resistance of free living species/strains. Here, we isolate eight strains of Candida haemulonii and four strains of Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis from three marine cnidarian zoanthids species (Palythoa caribaeorum, Palythoa variabilis and Zoanthus sociatus) collected from Brazilian coral reefs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe yeasts of the genus Candida infect skin, nails, and mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal and the genitourinary tract. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dermatomycoses caused by Candida spp., and their etiological aspects in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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