Trans-sialidase-based vaccine candidate protects against infection, not only inducing an effector immune response but also affecting cells with regulatory/suppressor phenotype.

Prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccines have an important potential to control ()infection. The involvement of regulatory/suppressor immune cells after an immunization treatment and infection has never been addressed. Here we show that a new trans-sialidase-based immunogen (TSf) was able to confer protection, correlating not only with beneficial changes in effector immune parameters, but also influencing populations of cells related to immune control.

Development and assessment of a new cage-like particle adjuvant.

Objectives: To obtain and assess stable cage-like particles with low surface charge density, which can be prepared using a standardized, economic and scalable method.

Methods: To form these nanoparticles, the lipid composition and proportion as well the method were modified in relation to cage-like particles previously described elsewhere. Bovine albumin was used to compare ISPA performance with that of other adjuvants in mice and to assess stability.