Biliary HMGB1 levels and biochemical indices in the assessment of acute obstructive septic cholangitis combined with septic shock.

Background: Acute Obstructive Septic Cholangitis (AOSC) is a serious infectious disease of the biliary system. It is prone to develop into septic shock without prompt management.

Methods: Bile was collected from 71 AOSC patients (45 AOSC without septic shock, 26 AOSC with septic shock) during biliary drainage and on days 1 and 3 postoperatively.

Migration of biliary stent resulting in ureteral obstruction: A case report.

This case report describes a rare complication following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) involving biliary stent migration, leading to ureteric obstruction. Initial management of choledocholithiasis with ERCP and stenting was followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Unexpectedly, a month later, the patient presented with back pain due to the migrated stent compressing the ureter.

Advances in the Treatment of Epilepsy by Electrostimulation of the Pulvinar.

Neuroregulatory therapy, encompassing deep brain stimulation and responsive neurostimulation, is increasingly gaining attention for the treatment of drug-resistant temporal and occipital lobe epilepsy. Beyond the approved anterior nucleus of the thalamus, the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus is a potential stimulation target. Through a confluence of animal studies, electrophysiological research, and imaging studies, the pulvinar has been identified as having extensive connections with the visual cortex, prefrontal cortex, limbic regions, and multimodal sensory associative areas, playing a pivotal role in multisensory integration and serving as a propagation node in both generalized and focal epilepsy.

Shengmai-Yin resists myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting K27 ubiquitination of absent in melanoma 2.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury stands as a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease. Shengmai-Yin (SMY), a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used in myocardial infarct treatment. However, the specific mechanism of SMY in treating myocardial I/R injury is currently limited.

Unveiling the cell-type-specific landscape of cellular senescence through single-cell transcriptomics using SenePy.

Senescent cells accumulate in most tissues with organismal aging, exposure to stressors, or disease progression. It is challenging to identify senescent cells because cellular senescence signatures and phenotypes vary widely across distinct cell types and tissues. Here we developed an analytical algorithm that defines cell-type-specific and universal signatures of cellular senescence across a wide range of cell types and tissues.

Ceramides increase mitochondrial permeabilization to trigger mtDNA-dependent inflammation in astrocytes during brain ischemia.

The brain is rich in lipids, and disorders or abnormalities in lipid metabolism can induce neurotoxicity. Ceramides are the central intermediates of sphingolipid metabolism. This study was designed to investigate the potential lipotoxicity of ceramides in brain ischemia.

Triboelectric Nanogenerator-Based Flexible Acoustic Sensor for Speech Recognition.

The way people interact with machines through flexible acoustic sensors is revolutionizing the way we live. However, developing a human-machine interaction acoustic sensor that simultaneously offers low cost, high stability, high fidelity, and high sensitivity remains a significant challenge. In this study, a sensor based on a sound-driven triboelectric nanogenerator was proposed.

Mediator kinase inhibition drives myometrial stem cell differentiation and the uterine fibroid phenotype through super-enhancer reprogramming.

Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common non-cutaneous tumors in women worldwide. UFs arise from genetic alterations in myometrial stem cells (MM SCs) that trigger their transformation into tumor-initiating cells (UF SCs). Mutations in the RNA polymerase II Mediator subunit MED12 are dominant drivers of UFs, accounting for 70% of these clinically significant lesions.

Estrogen receptor alpha ablation reverses muscle fibrosis and inguinal hernias.

Fibrosis of the lower abdominal muscle (LAM) contributes to muscle weakening and inguinal hernia formation, an ailment affecting a noteworthy fifty percent of men by age 75, necessitating surgical correction as the singular therapy. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms driving LAM fibrosis and hernia development remain poorly understood. Utilizing a humanized mouse model that replicates elevated skeletal muscle tissue estrogen concentrations akin to aging men, we identified estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) as a key driver of LAM fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix deposition, and hernia formation.

Post-pandemic insights on COVID-19 and premature ovarian insufficiency.

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This overview examines the possible interactions between COVID-19 and POI, while also suggesting preventive measures. The viral infection's inflammatory response and immune dysregulation may adversely affect ovarian tissues, leading to inflammation and damage.

Natural Language Processing Identifies Under-Documentation of Symptoms in Patients on Hemodialysis.

Background: Patients on hemodialysis (HD) have a high burden of emotional and physical symptoms. These symptoms are often under-recognized. NLP can be used to identify patient symptoms from the EHR.

Prediction of microvascular obstruction from angio-based microvascular resistance and available clinical data in percutaneous coronary intervention: an explainable machine learning model.

Angio-based microvascular resistance (AMR) as a potential alternative to the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and its relationship with microvascular obstruction (MVO) and other cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters still lacks comprehensive validation. This study aimed to validate the correlation between AMR and CMR-derived parameters and to construct an interpretable machine learning (ML) model, incorporating AMR and clinical data, to forecast MVO in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We enrolled 452 STEMI patients from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between 2018 and 2022, who received both PPCI and CMR.

The potential of supplementing compound organic trace elements at lower levels in Chinese yellow- feathered broiler diets, part II: Impacts on growth performance, gut health, intestinal microbiota, and fecal mineral excretion.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of reducing inorganic trace minerals (ITM) by supplementing compound organic trace minerals (OTM) chelates on growth performance, fecal mineral excretion, intestinal health, and cecal microbiota of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 960 one day old male broilers were randomly assigned to 6 treatments, among which birds were fed with the basal diets (negative control, NC), or supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg (positive control, PC), 300, and 500 mg/kg ITM or OTM, respectively. Dietary supplementation of OTM significantly increased the average daily gain (ADG) during 22-53 d and 1-53 d, and reduced the fecal emissions of Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn of Chinese yellow-feathered broilers (P < 0.

Mediator kinase inhibition drives myometrial stem cell differentiation and the uterine fibroid phenotype through super-enhancer reprogramming.

Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common non-cutaneous tumors in women worldwide. UFs arise from genetic alterations in myometrial stem cells (MM SCs) that trigger their transformation into tumor initiating cells (UF SCs). Mutations in the RNA polymerase II Mediator subunit MED12 are dominant drivers of UFs, accounting for 70% of these clinically significant lesions.

Elevated systemic immune-inflammatory index predicts poor coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic total occlusion.

Objective: This study compared the value of different systemic immune-inflammatory markers for evaluating coronary collateralization (CC) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic total occlusion (CTO).

Methods: Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) were calculated at admission in 1409 T2DM patients with CTO. The degree of coronary collaterals was estimated using the Rentrop scoring system and categorized into poor (Rentrop score 0 or 1) or good (Rentrop score 2 or 3) CC.

A novel sustained-release agent based on disulfide-induced recombinant collagen hydrogels for the prevention and treatment of infections.

Schistosomiasis is commonly managed using the praziquantel, but it is only effective against adult worms and duration of action is short. Liver fibrosis will worsen if eggs are still present after stopping treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a sustained drug release system for effectively preventing and treating schistosomiasis.

Prevotellaceae Modulates Colorectal Cancer Immune Microenvironment to Assist Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy.

Background/aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as the third most prevalent cancer on a global scale. In recent years, immunotherapy, such as anti-PD-L1 treatment, has demonstrated promising therapeutic outcomes in CRC. However, studies have suggested that intestinal microbiota may influence the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.

The primate gut microbiota contributes to interspecific differences in host metabolism.

Because large brains are energetically expensive, they are associated with metabolic traits that facilitate energy availability across vertebrates. However, the biological underpinnings driving these traits are not known. Given its role in regulating host metabolism in disease studies, we hypothesized that the gut microbiome contributes to variation in normal cross-vertebrate species differences in metabolism, including those associated with the brain's energetic requirements.

The potential of supplementing compound organic trace elements at lower levels in Chinese yellow-feathered broiler diets, Part I: Impacts on plasma biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, carcass traits, meat quality, and tissue mineral deposition.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing inorganic trace minerals (ITM) with compound organic trace minerals (OTM) at lower levels on plasma biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, carcass traits, meat quality, and tissue mineral deposition in Chinese yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 960 one-day-old male broilers were randomly allocated to six treatment groups. The birds were fed with either the basal diets (negative control, NC), or diets supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg (positive control, PC), 300 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg ITM or OTM for 53 d, respectively.

Combining azole antifungals with venetoclax plus azacitidine in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia.

The combination of venetoclax (VEN) with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) improves survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and may cause neutropenia requiring combined antifungal therapy or prophylaxis. The inhibition of cytochrome P450 activity by azole antifungal agents leads to elevated blood concentrations of VEN. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of venetoclax plus azacitidine (AZA) with azoles in newly diagnosed AML patients.

Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces cardiac inflammation against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting macrophage polarization.

Background: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is the main cause of death worldwide and poses a significant threat to cardiac health. Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to have inhibitory effects on inflammatory activation, oxidative stress, and cardiac injury, suggesting that Rg1 may have therapeutic effects on MI/R injury. However, the mechanism remains to be further studied.

Exploring the efficacy and safety of laser interstitial thermal therapy for recurrent high-grade glioma: the first prospective cohort in China.

Objective: Recurrent high-grade gliomas are complicated cancers that require additional treatment options. Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a safe method for treating recurrent high-grade glioma; however, its use in China has not been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of an MRgLITT system (SinoVision™) developed in China for treating recurrent high-grade glioma.

Peierls Distortion Induced Giant Linear Dichroism, Second-Harmonic Generation, and In-Plane Ferroelectricity in NbOBr.

The Peierls distortion plays an essential role in governing the in-plane ferroelectricity and nonlinear optical characteristics of anisotropic niobium oxide dihalides, such as NbOCl and NbOI. Despite its significance, experimental investigation into the structural, optical, and ferroelectric properties of NbOBr has been lacking. Here, the successful fabrication of centimeter-sized, high-quality NbOBr single crystals, enabling direct observation of Peierls distortion using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, is reported.

Huangqi-Danshen decoction improves heart failure by regulating pericardial adipose tissue derived extracellular vesicular miR-27a-3p to activate AMPKα2 mediated mitophagy.

Background: Huangqi-Danshen decoction (HDD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine for treating heart failure. Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) has recently gained increasing attention in cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of pericardial adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles on heart failure, the protective effect of HDD on myocardial remodel in heart failure rats, and identify the potential molecular mechanisms involved.