Impact of periodic neck ultrasonography on locoregional disease control in surveillance after total thyroidectomy for patients with low- and intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma: a propensity score-matched study.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of periodic neck ultrasonography (US) on postoperative surveillance for locoregional disease control of patients with low- and intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who underwent total thyroidectomy. This retrospective cohort study included patients with PTC who underwent total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection at our institution between January, 2000 and December, 2016. The patients were divided into two groups: the physical examination (PE) group (follow-up by PE without periodic US) and the US group (follow-up by PE with periodic US).

FeLIX is a restriction factor for mammalian retrovirus infection.

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are remnants of ancestral viral infections. Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is an exogenous and endogenous retrovirus in domestic cats. It is classified into several subgroups (A, B, C, D, E, and T) based on viral receptor interference properties or receptor usage.

S-1 facilitates canerpaturev (C-REV)-induced antitumor efficacy in a triple-negative breast cancer model.

Canerpaturev (C-REV) is a highly attenuated, replication-competent, mutant strain of oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 that may be an effective new cancer treatment option. S-1, an oral formulation containing the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) prodrug tegafur and the two enzyme modulators gimeracil and oteracil, is used as a key chemotherapeutic agent for metastatic recurrent breast cancer. Although the antitumor effects of oncolytic viruses combined with 5-FU in vivo have been reported, the detailed mechanisms are unknown.

Is Highly Expressed in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.

Background: Accumulating evidence indicates tumor-promoting roles of synaptotagmin 13 () in several cancers; however, no studies have investigated its expression in breast cancer (BC). This study aimed to clarify the significance of in BC.

Methods: mRNA expression levels were evaluated in BC cell lines.

Development of a Rapid Intraoperative Point-of-Care Method Using Tissue Suspension to Differentiate Parathyroid Tissue: A Possible Substitute for Frozen Sections.

Background: We reported that aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ratio of a tissue suspension can precisely differentiate normal and hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue (PT) from other tissues. However, in these studies, LDH and AST were measured using the standard method for blood samples, with a turnaround time of approximately 1 h, hampering clinical application. Here, we developed a rapid and robust method to differentiate PT instead of using frozen sections.

Identifying the tumor-progressive gene expression profile in high-risk papillary thyroid cancer.

Purpose: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is generally associated with a favorable prognosis. However, some patients have fatal disease, with locally infiltrating tumors or progressive distant metastases; yet few studies have investigated the characteristics of the tumor-progressive gene expression profile in advanced PTC. We conducted this study to clarify the gene expression status in advanced PTC and identify candidate molecules for prognostic biomarkers.

Clinical outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer: Tri-weekly nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel followed by 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide: a retrospective observational study.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using the combination of anthracycline and taxanes is the standard regimen for patients with primary breast cancer. Among the taxanes, conventional paclitaxel (PTX) and docetaxel have usually been adopted in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) is a solvent-free formulation that can be delivered to cancer cells at higher doses than conventional PTX.

Indications and Strategy for Active Surveillance of Adult Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: Consensus Statements from the Japan Association of Endocrine Surgery Task Force on Management for Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma.

The question of how to manage patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC; T1aN0M0) has recently become an important clinical issue. Two Japanese centers have conducted prospective clinical trials of active surveillance (AS) for low-risk PTMC since the 1990s, reporting favorable outcomes. This policy has thus seen gradual adoption worldwide to avoid overtreatment.

MZB1 expression indicates poor prognosis in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in females. Development of novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets may contribute toward the improvement of a patient's prognosis. Marginal zone B and B1 cell-specific protein (MZB1) is an unfolded protein response-related chaperone and mainly exists in the endoplasmic reticulum of B lymphocytes, although little is known regarding its role in BC cells.

Utility of urinary type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide as a prognostic indicator in breast cancer patients with bone metastases.

Background: Breast cancer patients with bone metastases are usually managed with bone modifying agents, such as zoledronic acid and denosumab, and some bone turnover markers (BTMs) have been recognized as prognostic indicators in such patients. Although several studies have demonstrated the validity of BTMs as prognostic markers in patients treated with zoledronic acid, few studies have reported the utility of BTMs with denosumab treatment. In this study, we evaluated whether urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen (u-NTX) can be a prognostic indicator in patients treated with denosumab.

Measurement of the AST to LD Ratio in Parathyroid Tissue Suspension Can Precisely Differentiate a Hyperfunctioning Parathyroid.

Background: Frozen section of excised tissue is used to confirm removal of the etiology of primary hyperparathyroidism in the current era of intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurement and provides safeguards for surgeons. We recently reported that the aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/lactate dehydrogenase (LD) ratio in tissue suspension can accurately distinguish normal parathyroid tissue from other tissues. Therefore, we hypothesized that this ratio may also be applied to distinguish hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue (HPT) from other tissues.

Robust, quick, and convenient intraoperative method to differentiate parathyroid tissue.

Background: Identification of parathyroid tissue during surgery is necessary for its preservation in situ or for autotransplantation to avoid postoperative hypoparathyroidism. Frozen sections are the gold standard for distinguishing parathyroid tissue from other tissues during thyroidectomy. Although frozen sections are very accurate, they are costly and require pathologists and technical staff.

Impact of Patient Age and Histological Type on Radioactive Iodine Avidity of Recurrent Lesions of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Age is a prognostic factor for recurrent differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and may be related to radioactive iodine (RAI) nonavidity. Indications for molecular-targeted drugs (MTDs) are currently limited to RAI-refractory DTC. Demonstrating refractoriness to RAI, mainly indicated by RAI nonavidity, may be a barrier to the introduction of MTDs for elderly patients.

Obesity does not affect peri- and postoperative outcomes of transabdominal laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is the gold standard procedure for most adrenal tumors. Obesity is considered as a risk factor for surgical complications. This study aimed to evaluate whether obesity affects peri- and postoperative outcomes of transabdominal laparoscopic adrenalectomy using body mass index (BMI).

Synchronous bilateral pheochromocytomas and paraganglioma with novel germline mutation in MAX: a case report.

Background: Recent advance of genetic testing has contributed to the diagnosis of hereditary pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). The clinical characteristics of hereditary PPGL are varying among the types of mutational genes. It is still difficult to specify the pathognomonic symptoms in the case of rare genetic mutations.

Feasibility of dose-dense epirubicin and cyclophosphamide with subcutaneous pegfilgrastim 3.6 mg support: a single-center prospective study in Japan.

Background: Dose-dense chemotherapy consisting of a combination of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (EC) improves the survival of patients with breast cancer. Although pegfilgrastim was used at a subcutaneous dose of 6.0 mg in a pivotal study of dose-dense EC treatment, pegfilgrastim at a dose of 3.

Overexpression of Derlin 3 is associated with malignant phenotype of breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide. Development of novel molecular targets is important to improve prognosis of BC patients. Derlin 3 (DERL3) gene is a member of derlin family, and its coding protein is critical to the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation mechanism.

Expression of regulatory factor X1 can predict the prognosis of breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women. Identifying novel biomarkers to predict prognosis accurately is important in managing this disease. The regulatory factor X1 () gene is a member of the regulatory factor X gene family.

Postoperative elevation of CA15-3 due to pernicious anemia in a patient without evidence of breast cancer recurrence.

Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) is considered as a marker for breast cancer recurrence. However, we encountered a case where the patient showed postoperative elevation of the CA15-3 level due to pernicious anemia without evidence of breast cancer recurrence. The patient was a 60-year-old postmenopausal woman.

Normothermic preservation of the rat hind limb with artificial oxygen-carrying hemoglobin vesicles.

Background: For managing major limb amputation, it is important to consider ischemic time and reperfusion injury by free radicals after the blood supply is reestablished. State of preservation during transplant surgery is crucial for the survival and function of the tissue, graft, or organ. In this study, we confirmed the effect of intermittent blood flow in rat ischemic hind limb and developed a new oxygenic preservation method using artificial oxygen carrying hemoglobin vesicles (HbVs).