Clinical features by disease duration in ulcerative colitis-associated cancers.

Aim: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a known contributor to the development of colitis-associated cancer (CAC), although the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. CAC typically presents as a flat type macroscopically and manifests histologically as mucinous carcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma. While the relationship between disease duration and chronic inflammation has been studied, the impact of disease duration on CAC outcomes has yet to be thoroughly investigated.

Genetic analysis for diagnosing local recurrence of sigmoid colon cancer mimicking a small intestinal tumor: a case report.

Background: With recent advances in genetics research, genetic analysis is increasingly being used in clinical practice. We report a case in which genetic analysis aided in diagnosing a local recurrence of sigmoid colon cancer, initially suspected to be a primary neoplasm of the small intestine.

Case Presentation: A 61-year-old male underwent laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for stage IIIB sigmoid colon cancer, followed by 8 cycles of CAPOX adjuvant chemotherapy, one and a half years prior.

Robotic right-sided colon cancer surgery: Dissecting the outermost layer of the autonomic nerve along the superior mesenteric artery.

In right-sided colon cancer surgery, lymph node dissection around the superior mesenteric artery is necessary but technically challenging. Here we introduce the concept of "outermost layer-oriented robotic surgery" to improve the safety, efficacy, and reproducibility of superior mesenteric artery nodal dissection. In this procedure, the thin, loose connective tissue layer between the autonomic nerve sheath of the superior mesenteric artery and adipose tissue bearing lymph nodes, termed "the outermost layer of the autonomic nerve," is dissected.

Formation of a Colo-colonic Fistula Communicating with the Transverse Colon in Cecal Cancer: A Case Report.

Although colorectal cancer frequently invades adjacent organs, colon-to-colon invasion is rarely observed, and colo-colonic fistula formation due to colorectal cancer is uncommon. Here we report a case of preoperative diagnosis of cecal cancer that has invaded the transverse colon. A 69-year-old woman presented with diarrhea and a palpable mass in the lower right abdomen.

Modified cranial approach to right-sided colon cancer in a patient with intestinal nonrotation: A case report.

Managing colon cancer with intestinal nonrotation, a type of congenital intestinal malrotation, is challenging due to the presence of anatomical abnormalities and severe adhesions. When patients have nonrotation, it is markedly more difficult to determine which vessels correspond to the colic vessels and ileal vessels until all vascular branching patterns become evident. The optimal approach for right-sided colon cancer with intestinal nonrotation has yet to be established.

Knockdown of CDX2 Induces microRNA-221 Up-regulation in Human Colon Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) is a master regulator of intestinal development and maintenance of the intestinal epithelium. We previously revealed that CDX2 colorectal cancers (CRCs) were associated with poor survival and differential response to adjuvant chemotherapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs typically composed of fewer than 25 nucleotides, are known to regulate gene expression and signaling pathways.

Refractory Intestinal Behçet-Like Disease Associated with Trisomy 8 Myelodysplastic Syndrome Resolved by Parenteral Nutrition.

Intestinal Behçet disease (BD), associated with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), is often refractory to treatment. An 80-year-old man with trisomy 8 MDS (refractory anemia) developed intermittent fever. Despite investigations to exclude infectious disease, autoimmune disease, and malignancy as the cause of the fever, the etiology could not be determined.

Prognostic factors associated with the transition in treatment methods for brain metastases from colorectal cancer.

Background: Treatment of brain metastases (BMs) from colorectal cancer (CRC) has transitioned with the expansion of indications for stereotactic radiotherapy. Our study aimed to assess changes in prognosis and prognostic factors associated with changes in treatment for BMs from CRC.

Methods: We retrospectively surveyed treatments for and outcomes of BMs from CRC in 208 patients treated during 1997-2018.

Genomic landscape and its prognostic significance in stage III colorectal cancer: JCOG1506A1, an ancillary of JCOG0910.

Large-scale genomic sequencing of colorectal cancers has been reported mainly for Western populations. Differences by stage and ethnicity in the genomic landscape and their prognostic impact remain poorly understood. We investigated 534 Japanese stage III colorectal cancer samples from the Phase III trial, JCOG0910.

Bromodomain protein BRD8 regulates cell cycle progression in colorectal cancer cells through a TIP60-independent regulation of the pre-RC complex.

Bromodomain-containing protein 8 (BRD8) is a subunit of the NuA4/TIP60-histone acetyltransferase complex. Although BRD8 has been considered to act as a co-activator of the complex, its biological role remains to be elucidated. Here, we uncovered that BRD8 accumulates in colorectal cancer cells through the inhibition of ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation by the interaction with MRG domain binding protein.

Comparison of clinicopathological and genomic profiles in anal squamous cell carcinoma between Japanese and Caucasian cohorts.

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. We aimed to compare the genetic backgrounds and their effect on clinical outcomes between Japanese and Caucasian patients with ASCC. Forty-one patients diagnosed with ASCC at the National Cancer Center Hospital were enrolled and evaluated for clinicopathological features, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, HPV genotypes, p16 expression, PD-L1, and association of p16 status with the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Prognostic differences between oligometastatic and polymetastatic disease after resection in patients with colorectal cancer and hepatic or lung metastases: Retrospective analysis of a large cohort at a single institution.

Background: Long-term survival data are lacking, and prognostic factors are not well-defined for patients with colorectal cancer and hepatic or lung metastases. This study evaluated the outcomes after resection of oligometastatic hepatic or lung metastases from colorectal cancer and sought to identify prognostic factors.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated 1,123 patients with colorectal cancer and hepatic or pulmonary metastases who underwent curative surgery between January 1991 and December 2016.

A delay in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer screened by fecal immunochemical tests during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal cohort study.

Purpose: There is concern that the COVID-19 pandemic may cause people to refrain from undergoing examination resulting in delayed detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was a delay in CRC detection due to withholding of screening.

Methods: The colonoscopy screening rate and the CRC detection rate were calculated for patients who underwent fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) from 2018 to 2021 in the longitudinal cohort.

Identification of odontogenic ameloblast associated as a novel target gene of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a key role in development and carcinogenesis. Although some target genes of this signaling have been identified in various tissues and neoplasms, the comprehensive understanding of the target genes and their roles in the development of human cancer, including hepatoma and colorectal cancer remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we searched for genes regulated by the Wnt signaling in liver cancer using HuH-7 hepatoma cells.

Risk of non-colorectal cancer-related death in elderly patients with the disease: A comparison of five preoperative risk assessment indices.

Background: A considerable number of elderly patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) die of non-CRC-related causes. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification, Charlson Comorbidity Index, National Institute on Aging, and National Cancer Institute Comorbidity Index, and Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 score are all known predictors of survival in patients with CRC. However, the utility of these indices for predicting non-CRC-related death in elderly CRC patients is not known.

Study protocol of a single-arm phase 2 study evaluating the preventive effect of topical hydrocortisone for capecitabine-induced hand-foot syndrome in colorectal cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (T-CRACC study).

Backgrounds: Clinical evidence of the preventive effectiveness of medium-class topical corticosteroids for capecitabine-induced hand foot syndrome (HFS) is limited. Although the pathogenesis and mechanism of HFS are unclear, inflammatory reactions are thought to be involved in HFS development. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of medium-class topical corticosteroids (hydrocortisone butyrate 0.

Motile sperm domain containing 1 is upregulated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colorectal cancer.

Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Previously, we identified a set of candidate genes that were regulated by this signaling pathway, and the present study focused on motile sperm domain containing 1 (). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression of MOSPD1 was elevated in tumor cells from colorectal cancer tissues compared with in non-tumor cells.

Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of RSPO fusion-positive colorectal cancer.

Background: RSPO fusions that lead to WNT pathway activation are potential therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer (CRC), but their clinicopathological significance remains unclear.

Methods: We screened 1019 CRCs for RSPO fusions using multiplex reverse transcription-PCR. The RSPO fusion-positive tumours were subjected to whole-exome sequencing (WES).

Prognostic Role for Primary Tumor Location in Patients With Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Comparison of Right-Sided Colon, Left-Sided Colon, and Rectum.

Background: Although right-sided colon cancer is increasingly recognized as having a worse prognosis than left-sided colorectal cancer for colorectal liver metastases, little is known about the differences between the left-sided colon and rectum.

Objective: This study evaluated the prognostic value of primary tumor location in patients with colorectal liver metastases by examining the left-sided colon and rectum separately.

Design: This was a retrospective study from 2003 to 2017.

Prognostic Factors of Bone Metastases From Colorectal Cancer in the Era of Targeted Therapy.

Background: Various prognostic factors have been reported for bone metastases from different primary tumor sites. However, bone metastases from colorectal cancer are very rare, and the prognostic factors have not been investigated in detail.

Objective: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors of bone metastases from colorectal cancer.

The Conventional Technique Versus the No-touch Isolation Technique for Primary Tumor Resection in Patients With Colon Cancer (JCOG1006): A Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized, Phase III Trial.

Objective: This phase III trial evaluated whether the no touch was superior to the conventional in patients with cT3/T4 colon cancer.

Background: No touch involves ligating blood vessels that feed the primary tumor to limit cancer cell spreading. However, previous studies did not confirm the efficacy of the no touch.

Challenges needed to be overcome in multi-institutional surgical trials: accumulated experience in the JCOG Colorectal Cancer Study Group (CCSG).

JCOG-CCSG has been conducting several surgical trials and experienced several challenges. The first point is the appropriate timing of conducting the trial. Once a certain number of surgeons acquire the new technique and its utility is accepted, it suddenly becomes difficult to maintain 'equipoise' between the standard and new treatment, which may lead to poor patient accrual.

Institutional variation in survival and morbidity in laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer: From the data of a randomized controlled trial comparing open and laparoscopic surgery (JCOG0404).

Background: Institutional variation in outcomes is a key factor to ascertain the generalizability of results and reliability of the clinical trial. This study evaluated institutional variation in survival and postoperative complications using data from JCOG0404 comparing laparoscopic colectomy (LAP) with open colectomy (OP).

Methods: Institutions with fewer than 10 registered patients were excluded from this analysis.

Identification of patient subgroups with unfavorable long-term outcomes associated with laparoscopic surgery in a randomized controlled trial comparing open and laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer (Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG0404).

Background: Previously, we conducted a randomized controlled trial (JCOG0404) for stage II/III colon cancer patients and reported that the long-term survival after open surgery (OP) and laparoscopic surgery (LAP) were almost identical; however, JCOG0404 suggested that survival of patients after LAP with tumors located in the rectosigmoid colon, cT4 or cN2 tumors, and high body mass index (BMI) might be unfavorable.

Aim: To identify the patient subgroups associated with poor long-term survival in the LAP arm compared with the OP arm.

Methods: Patients aged 20-75, clinical T3 or deeper lesion without involvement of other organs, clinical N0-2 and M0 were included.