Publications by authors named "Dai Miyazaki"

Background: Intensified systemic chemotherapy following minimally invasive surgery for patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer is performed to achieve curative resection and improve quality of life. We report a case of initially unresectable rectal cancer with metastases treated with laparoscopic and thoracoscopic staged resections after triplet chemotherapy plus bevacizumab.

Case: A 71-year-old man was referred to our hospital to examine the cause of constipation.

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  • The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of iodine compounds and levofloxacin in cleaning the conjunctival sac after cataract surgery.
  • It involved 128 patients who received either levofloxacin or diluted iodine drops for a week after surgery, with bacterial cultures taken before surgery and at one and two months post-op.
  • Results showed that both treatments reduced bacterial contamination initially, but levofloxacin was more effective in reducing bacterial DNA; however, it also led to the emergence of more resistant bacteria over time, unlike the iodine treatment.
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  • Artificial intelligence shows potential for diagnosing allergic conjunctival diseases (ACDs), but its development is hindered by a lack of tailored image databases and model explainability.
  • This study utilized a dataset of 4,942 slit-lamp images from 10 institutions in Japan to create an AI model that diagnoses ACDs and explains its reasoning.
  • Results indicated the AI model achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 86.2%, significantly outperforming board-certified ophthalmologists, and demonstrated effective identification of key clinical indicators for various ACDs.
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  • The study aimed to evaluate how well contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) predicts outcomes for patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) by using the computed tomography severity index (CTSI).
  • A retrospective analysis of 1,097 SAP patients from 44 institutions in Japan found that while necrosis in pancreatic tissue increased mortality risks, the overall inflammation did not significantly impact mortality rates.
  • The results showed that the CTSI had a moderate ability (AUC 0.65) to predict mortality, with significant correlations between higher levels of pancreatic necrosis and increased odds of death.
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Purpose: To determine whether there is a significant association between inflammatory cytokines in the tear fluid and the severity of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: The cytokine levels in tear fluids were determined in 34 eyes with ROP and 18 eyes without ROP.

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Purpose: Operations for malignant diseases of the bile duct, pancreas, and esophagus are the most invasive gastroenterological surgeries. The frequency of complications after these surgeries is high, which affects the postoperative course and mortality. In patients who undergo these types of surgeries, continuous monitoring of the perioperative central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO) is possible via a central venous catheter.

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  • Short bowel syndrome (SBS) can develop after acute aortic dissection, leading to chronic intestinal failure that requires home parenteral nutrition; Teduglutide (TED) is a drug that helps improve intestinal absorption and quality of life for these patients.* -
  • A case study of a 68-year-old man who had massive intestinal surgery shows he developed gastric mucosal necrosis after receiving TED, despite initial improvement in his nutritional status through enteral feeding.* -
  • The effectiveness of TED in patients with SBS who also have multiple organ failure is uncertain, suggesting that its use should be carefully evaluated in cases of uncontrolled systemic infection.*
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  • Atopic conditions, particularly atopic dermatitis (AD), are linked to a higher incidence and severity of HSV keratitis among patients with ocular infections.
  • The study revealed that patients with AD experienced a significantly greater proliferation of HSV and a higher likelihood of recurrence compared to those without atopic conditions.
  • Factors including non-infectious atopic blepharitis and asthma were particularly influential in increasing the risk of recurrent HSV keratitis.
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Background: spp. is associated with fulminant sepsis, particularly in those with immunosuppression. We here report a rare case of fatal fulminant septic shock caused by , concurrent with COVID-19.

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Purpose: To estimate the roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in tears and to determine whether their profiles are associated with the type of ocular disease.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Tear EVs were extracted from 14 healthy participants and from 21 patients with retinal diseases (age-related macular degeneration [AMD] or diabetic macular edema [DME]).

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Introduction: Dupilumab is a drug that inhibits the action of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 and is a potent therapeutic drug for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis. Although its use has been associated with significant ocular adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the IL-4 and IL-13 inhibition may also have favorable therapeutic effects. The aim of this study was to determine the disease spectrum in which the use of dupilumab may have been associated with an increase or decrease of ocular ADRs.

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Purpose: To determine the effect of the formulation of topical medications on the healing of corneal epithelial cells after phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: We studied 271 eyes of 189 consecutive patients (aged 67.

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  • The study aimed to identify inflammatory cytokines linked to pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) by analyzing 75 PNV patients, 145 with age-related macular degeneration, and 150 normal subjects.
  • Results showed elevated levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and VEGF in PNV eyes compared to controls, with IL-4, IL-2, and IL-1α most strongly associated with pachyvessels.
  • IL-4 was particularly significant, correlating with choroidal thickness, vessel diameter, and polypoidal lesion formation, indicating its key role in PNV's clinical characteristics and vascular changes
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Introduction: Topical antihistamines are often instilled symptomatically to control patients' eye allergy symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of proactive and as-needed use of antihistamine eye drops in controlling symptoms and to examine whether proactive use may improve quality of life (QOL).

Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, cohort study in Japan.

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Allergic conjunctival disease (ACD) is an inflammatory disease of the conjunctiva that is mainly caused by type I hypersensitivity response to allergens and accompanied by subjective symptoms and other findings induced by antigens. ACD is classified as allergic conjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, and giant papillary conjunctivitis. This article summarizes the third edition of the Japanese guidelines for allergic conjunctival diseases published in 2021 and outlines the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of ACD.

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Ocular cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in immunocompetent individuals are rare, but its activation can cause chronic and relapsing inflammation in anterior segment of the eye resulting in loss of corneal clarity and glaucoma. Fifty five patients with anterior segment CMV infection were assessed for their clinical characteristics, and CMV corneal endotheliitis was found to cause significant loss of corneal endothelial cells. The disease duration with recurrences was significantly correlated with the maximum intraocular level of CMV DNA.

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Corneal opacities are important causes of blindness, and their major etiology is infectious keratitis. Slit-lamp examinations are commonly used to determine the causative pathogen; however, their diagnostic accuracy is low even for experienced ophthalmologists. To characterize the "face" of an infected cornea, we have adapted a deep learning architecture used for facial recognition and applied it to determine a probability score for a specific pathogen causing keratitis.

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Viral infections of the cornea including herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) cause visual morbidity, and the corneal endothelial cell damage leads to significant visual impairment. Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) has been identified as a significant regulator in corneal endothelial cells after an HSV-1 infection. To examine the role played by IRF7, the DNA binding domain (DBD) of IRF7 of human corneal endothelial cells (HCEn) was disrupted.

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Senescence, sterile inflammation, and infection cause dysfunction of corneal endothelial cells, leading to visual morbidity that may require corneal transplantation. With increasing age, the extracellular matrix is modified by non-enzymatic glycation forming advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The modifications are primarily sensed by the receptors for the AGEs (RAGE) and are manifested as a type I interferon response.

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Objectives: In patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), early enteral nutrition (EN) is recommended by major clinical practice guidelines, but the exact timing for the initiation of EN is unknown.

Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the database for a multicenter (44 institutions) retrospective study of patients with SAP in Japan. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to the timing of EN initiation after the diagnosis of SAP: within 24 hours, between 24 and 48 hours, and more than 48 hours.

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To understand the clinical course of human adenoviral (HAdV) conjunctivitis and establish a better treatment regimen, 38 eyes of 19 patients with HAdV-54 conjunctivitis for less than one week from onset were evaluated for clinical signs and symptoms and DNA copy numbers. A viral load of 10-10 is required to develop symptoms of HAdV conjunctivitis, as symptoms were present in eyes with viral loads of ≥10 at least once during the course. Next, it was observed that asymptomatic infections in the contralateral eyes are common, as the virus was detected in most eyes that did not develop conjunctivitis.

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Purpose: To determine distinguishing features of the clinical characteristics of anterior uveitis (AU) caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV).

Design: Retrospective, multicenter case series.

Methods: Consecutive patients with herpetic AU examined at 11 tertiary centers in Japan between January 2012 and December 2017 and who were followed for ≥3 months were evaluated.

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Purpose: To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of an outbreak of human adenovirus type 54 (HAdV-54) on Oki Island, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, in 2017 and to assess the effectiveness of a compartmentalization method in controlling the incidence and spread.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: The infection was diagnosed in 136 individuals, and typing was confirmed by PCR and direct sequencing.

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