Performance and mechanistic study of biochar and magnesium-enhanced phytoremediation in cadmium-contaminated soil by alfalfa.

Recently, phytoremediation has been regarded as a green and environment friendly technique to treat metals contaminated soils. Thus, in this study, pot experiments were designed to investigate the combine effects of biochar and magnesium (MPs) to purify cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils by Medicago sativa L. (alfalfa).

Venous resection increases risk of chyle leak after total pancreatectomy for pancreatic tumors.

Background: Existing research on chyle leak (CL) after pancreatic surgery is mostly focused on pancreaticoduodenectomy and lacks investigation on total pancreatectomy (TP). This study aimed to explore potential risk factors of CL and develop a predictive model for patients with pancreatic tumor undergoing TP.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 90 consecutive patients undergoing TP from January 2015 to December 2023 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital.

Comparison of Ga-FAPI-04 and F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing ovarian cancer.

Purpose: This study assesses the diagnostic performance of Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT compared to F-FDG PET/CT in primary, recurrent, and metastatic ovarian cancer.

Methods: Seventy-nine ovarian cancer patients who performed Ga-FAPI-04 and F-FDG PET/CT were recruited. The target-to-background ratio (TBR), maximum standardized uptake value (SUV), the number of positive lesions, visual assessment, the peritoneal cancer index (PCI) score, staging/restaging, and treatment strategies were compared from the corresponding PET/CT.

[Dielectric properties of tidal volume changes in rabbit lung tissue in the 100 MHz~1 GHz band].

This paper investigates the variation of lung tissue dielectric properties with tidal volume under conditions to provide reliable and valid a priori information for techniques such as microwave imaging. In this study, the dielectric properties of the lung tissue of 30 rabbits were measured using the open-end coaxial probe method in the frequency band of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, and 6 different sets of tidal volumes (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 mL) were set up to study the trends of the dielectric properties, and the data at 2 specific frequency points (433 and 915 MHz) were analyzed statistically. It was found that the dielectric coefficient and conductivity of lung tissue tended to decrease with increasing tidal volume in the frequency range of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, and the differences in the dielectric properties of lung tissue for the 6 groups of tidal volumes at 2 specific frequency points were statistically significant.

On-chip photodetection of angular momentums of vortex structured light.

Structured vortex light with orbital angular momentum (OAM) shows great promise for high-bandwidth optical communications, quantum information and computing, optical tweezers, microscopy, astronomy, among others. Generating, controlling, and detecting of vortex light by all-electrical means is at the heart of next generation nanophotonic platforms. However, on-chip electrical photodetection of structured vortex light remains challenging.

Mechanical response of long-span CFST arch bridges based on the hydration heat temperature effect.

As the span of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) arch bridges increases, the hydration heat temperature effect of concrete inside steel tube becomes more severe, which increases the safety risk during the construction process. Therefore, a numerical simulation of the mechanical response of a long-span CFST arch bridge under the influence of hydration heat was carried out. First, based on the hydration heat conduction theory, a finite element model of the transient temperature field of a CFST arch rib was established.

Brain Nocardiosis Mimicking Intracerebral Invasion on 68 Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma.

Brain nocardiosis is an uncommon but severe disease associated with high mortality. We present a case of brain nocardiosis with elevated tracer uptake on both 68 Ga-pentixafor and 18 F-FDG PET/CT, mimicking intracerebral invasion of multiple myeloma. This case demonstrates that nocardiosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of brain lesions found on PET/CT with increased tracer accumulation in immunocompromised patients.

Wide-Range and Multistate Work Functions of Organometallic Halide Perovskite Films Regulated by Ferroelectric Substrates.

Work function of organometallic halide perovskite (OHP) films is one of the most crucial photoelectric properties, which dominates the carrier dynamics in OHP-based devices. Despite surface treatments by additives being widely used to promote crystallization and passivate defects in OHP films, these chemical strategies for modulation of work functions face two trade-offs: homogeneity on the surface versus along the thickness; the range versus the accuracy of modulation. Herein, by using ferroelectric substrates of uniform polarization and subnanometer roughness, homogeneous CHNHPbI films are fabricated with five states of work functions with large spanning (∼0.

9-Step synthesis of (-)-larikaempferic acid methyl ester enabled by skeletal rearrangement.

We report here a concise synthesis of the anti-tumor-promoting (-)-larikaempferic acid methyl ester, a novel and rearranged abietane-type diterpene natural product containing a unique tetracyclic skeleton with a -hydrindane, an oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane, and six stereogenic centers.

Atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia and atrioventricular node re-entrant tachycardia in a patient with cancer under chemotherapy: a case report and literature review.

Cardio-oncology is a new field of interest in cardiology focusing on the detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmias, myocarditis, and heart failure, as side-effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The association between chemotherapeutic agents and arrhythmias has previously been established. Atrial tachyarrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation, are most common, but ventricular arrhythmias, including those related to treatment-induced QT prolongation, and bradyarrhythmias can also occur.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Abstract: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is closely related to insulin resistance, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level is an independent factor for insulin resistance associated with subclinical hypothyroidism. This study aims to explore the effects of TSH levels on insulin signal transduction in adipocytes and to establish the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in this process. In this study, the SCH mouse model was established, and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with TSH or tunicamycin (TM), with or without 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an inhibitor of ER stress.

PPARα suppresses low-intensity-noise-induced body weight gain in mice: the activated HPA axis plays an critical role.

Background: As the second most risky environmental pollution, noise imposes threats to human health. Exposure to high-intensity noise causes hearing impairment, psychotic disorders, endocrine modifications. The relationship among low-intensity noise, obesity and lipid-regulating nuclear factor PPARα is not yet clear.

Navigating the complex terrain of hepatitis B virus reactivation in the era of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

In this editorial, we offer a summary of the risk associated with hepatitis B reactivation (HBVr) in the setting of both solid and hematologic malignancies treated with Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, with insights derived from current studies. Furthermore, we emphasize the critical need for a framework regarding robust risk evaluation in patients undergoing such treatments. This framework is essential for identifying those at increased risk of HBVr, enabling healthcare providers to implement proactive measures to prevent reactivation and ensure the safe administration of BTK inhibitor therapy.

Treadmill Exercise Enhances Post-Stroke Functional Recovery in Mice via the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Signaling Pathway.

To validate that treadmill exercise promotes neurofunctional recovery post ischemic stroke and to specifically explore the role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling pathway in this treadmill-mediated recovery process. C57BL/6 J mice were used to establish a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. From days 5 to 28 post-stroke, the experimental group did 10-min treadmill sessions twice daily at 12 r/min; the control group remained inactive.

Enhancing thromboprophylaxis after colorectal cancer surgery in China: Bridging the gap between evidence and implementation through pathway optimization.

Background: The CRC-VTE trial conducted in China revealed a significant occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients following colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, raising concerns about implementing thromboprophylaxis measures. The present study aimed to identify and analyze inappropriate aspects of current thromboprophylaxis practices.

Methods: This study performed an analysis of the CRC-VTE trial, a prospective multicenter study that enrolled 1836 patients who underwent CRC surgery.

A chemical genetic screen with the EXO70 inhibitor Endosidin2 uncovers potential modulators of exocytosis in Arabidopsis.

Exocytosis plays an essential role in delivering proteins, lipids, and cell wall polysaccharides to the plasma membrane and extracellular spaces. Accurate secretion through exocytosis is key to normal plant development as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. During exocytosis, an octameric protein complex named the exocyst facilitates the tethering of secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane.

Towards core-shell engineering for efficient luminescence and temperature sensing.

Research on the core-shell design of rare earth-doped nanoparticles has recently gained significant attention, particularly in exploring the synergistic effects of combining active and inert shell layers. In this study, we successfully synthesized 8 types of spherical core-shell Na-based nanoparticles to enhance the efficiency of core-shell design in upconversion luminescence and temperature sensing through the strategic arrangement of inert and active layers. The most effective upconversion luminescence was observed under 980 nm and 808 nm laser excitation using NaYF inert shell NaYF:Yb, Er@ NaYF and NaYF@ NaYF4:Yb, Nd core-shell nanostructures.

Correction to: Genome‑wide identification and analyses of genes reveal their roles involved in maize development and abiotic stress responses.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01474-9.].

Urbanization significantly increases greenhouse gas emissions from a subtropical headwater stream in Southeast China.

Streams are disproportionately significant contributors to increases in greenhouse gas (GHG) effluxes in river networks. In the context of global urbanization, a growing number of streams are affected by urbanization, which has been suggested to stimulate the water-air GHG emissions from fluvial systems. This study investigated the seasonal and longitudinal profiles of GHG (NO, CH, and CO) concentrations of Jiuxianghe Stream, a headwater stream undergoing urbanization, and estimated its GHG diffusive fluxes and global warming potentials (GWPs) using the boundary layer method.

Efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept for moderate to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) in treating moderate to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), with or without accompanying diabetic macular edema.

Methods: In this longitudinal retrospective study, 35 patients (50 eyes) with moderate to severe NPDR and Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (DRSS) scores between 43 and 53 were treated at the Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, from October 2018 to January 2023. Treatment protocol included three monthly IVC injections followed by a (PRN) regimen over a two-year follow-up period.

C-H Functionalization-Enabled 11-Step Semisynthesis of (-)-Veragranine A and Characterization of Synthetic Analogs in Osteoarthritis-related Pain Treatment.

We report an efficient semisynthesis of the cholestane steroidal alkaloid (-)-veragranine A with a 6/6/6/5/6/6 hexacyclic ring system, eight stereocenters, and a unique C12-C23 linkage. Our synthesis features a Schönecker-Baran C-H oxidation at C12, a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling to form the C12-C23 bond, and a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT)-initiated Minisci C-H cyclization to forge the C20-C22 bond with desired stereochemistry at C20. These enabling transformations significantly enhanced the overall synthetic efficiency and delivered (-)-veragranine A in 11 steps and over 200 mg from cheap and readily available dehydroepiandrosterone.