Gastric Fluid Volume Change After Oral Rehydration Solution Intake in Morbidly Obese and Normal Controls: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Analysis.

Background: Although preoperative fluid intake 2 hours before anesthesia is generally considered safe, there are concerns about delayed gastric emptying in obese subjects. In this study, the gastric fluid volume (GFV) change in morbidly obese subjects was investigated after ingesting an oral rehydration solution (ORS) and then compared with that in nonobese subjects.

Methods: GFV change over time after the ingestion of 500 mL of ORS containing 2.

The synthetic peptide derived from the NH2-terminal extracellular region of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPR1, preferentially inhibits infection of X4 HIV-1.

Several G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) serve as co-receptors for entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into target cells. Here we report that a synthetic peptide derived from the NH2-terminal extracellular region of an orphan GPCR, GPR1 (GPR1ntP-(1-27); MEDLEETLFEEFENYSYDLDYYSLESC), inhibited infection of not only an HIV-1 variant that uses GPR1 as a co-receptor, but also X4, R5, and R5X4 viruses. Among these HIV-1 strains tested, viruses that can utilize CXCR4 as their co-receptors were preferentially inhibited.