Optimized synthesis of biphasic calcium phosphate: enhancing bone regeneration with a tailored β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite ratio.

Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) is a bioceramic widely used in hard tissue engineering for bone replacement. BCP consists of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) - a highly soluble and resorbable phase - and hydroxyapatite (HA) - a highly stable phase, creating a balance between solubility and resorption, optimally supporting cell interactions and tissue growth. The β-TCP/HA ratio significantly affects the resorption, solubility, and cellular response, with a higher β-TCP ratio increasing resorption due to its solubility.

Enhancing the porosity of biphasic calcium phosphate using polyethylene glycol as the porogen for bone regeneration applications.

Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) has been used as a material to support bone grafting, repair, recovery, and regeneration over the past decades. However, the inherent weakness of BCP is its low porosity, which limits the infiltration, differentiation, and proliferation of bone cells. To address this issue, porous BCP was synthesized using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1000 with weight ratio ranging from 20%-60% in BCP as the porogen through the powder-forming method.

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO/SiNWs p-n junction catalyst at room temperature.

Rapid recombination of charge carriers in semiconductors is a main drawback for photocatalytic oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactions. Herein, we propose a novel catalyst by developing a p-n junction titania-silicon nanowires (TiO/SiNWs) heterostructure. The structure is fabricated by atomic layer deposition of TiO on p-type SiNWs.

Development and Characterization of Quercetin-Loaded Polymeric Liposomes with Gelatin-Poly(ethylene glycol)-Folic Acid Coating to Increase Their Long-Circulating and Anticancer Activity.

Liposomes as drug-delivery systems have been researched and applied in multiple scientific reports and introduced as patented products with interesting therapeutic properties. Despite various advantages, this drug carrier faces major difficulties in its innate stability, cancer cell specificity, and control over the release of hydrophobic drugs, particularly quercetin, a naturally derived drug that carries many desirable characteristics for anticancer treatment. To improve the effectiveness of liposomes to deliver quercetin by tackling and mitigating the mentioned hurdles, we developed a strategy to establish the ability to passively target cancerous cells, as well as to increase the bioavailability of loaded drugs by incorporating poly(ethylene glycol), gelatin, and folic acid moieties to modify the liposomal system's surface.

Synthesis of magnetic MFeO (M = Ni, Co, Zn, Fe) supported on porous carbons derived from Bidens pilosa weed and their adsorptive comparison of toxic dyes.

Bidens pilosa is classified as an invasive plant and has become a problematic weed to many agricultural crops. This species strongly germinates, grows and reproduces and competing for nutrients with local plants. To lessen the influence of Bidens pilosa, therefore, converting this harmful species into carbon materials as adsorbents in harm-to-wealth and valorization strategies is required.

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Optimization of hydrothermal synthesis conditions of Bidens pilosa-derived NiFeO@AC for dye adsorption using response surface methodology and Box-Behnken design.

The presence of stable and hazardous organic dyes in industrial effluents poses significant risks to both public health and the environment. Activated carbons and biochars are widely used adsorbents for removal of these pollutants, but they often have several disadvantages such as poor recoverability and inseparability from water in the post-adsorption process. Incorporating a magnetic component into activated carbons can address these drawbacks.

Cryopolymerization-enabled self-wrinkled polyaniline-based hydrogels for highly stretchable all-in-one supercapacitors.

Conductive polymer hydrogels are attractive due to their combination of high theoretical capacitance, intrinsic electrical conductivity, fast ion transport, and high flexibility for supercapacitor electrodes. However, it is challenging to integrate conductive polymer hydrogels into an all-in-one supercapacitor (A-SC) simultaneously with large stretchability and superior energy density. Here, a self-wrinkled polyaniline (PANI)-based composite hydrogel (SPCH) with an electrolytic hydrogel and a PANI composite hydrogel as the core and sheath, respectively, was prepared through a stretching/cryopolymerization/releasing strategy.

Green synthesis of ZnFeO@ZnO nanocomposites using Chrysanthemum spp. floral waste for photocatalytic dye degradation.

The occurrence of textile dyeing wastewater discharged into the environment has been recently increasing, resulting in harmful effects on living organisms and human health. The use of green nanoparticles for water decontamination has received much attention. Floral waste can be extracted with the release of natural compounds, which act as reducing and stabilizing agents during the biosynthesis of nanoparticles.

New frontiers of invasive plants for biosynthesis of nanoparticles towards biomedical applications: A review.

Above 1000 invasive species have been growing and developing ubiquitously on Earth. With extremely vigorous adaptability, strong reproduction, and spreading powers, invasive species have posed an alarming threat to indigenous plants, water quality, soil, as well as biodiversity. It was estimated that an economic loss of billions of dollars or equivalent to 1 % of gross domestic product as a consequence of lost crops, control efforts, and damage costs caused by invasive plants in the United States.

Polymerization-Driven Self-Wrinkling on a Frozen Hydrogel Surface toward Ultra-Stretchable Polypyrrole-Based Supercapacitors.

The construction of ultra-stretchable and smart supercapacitors with a large deformation-tolerance range and highly efficient self-healability is fully desired for next-generation wearable electronics. Herein, a sandwich-structured self-wrinkling hydrogel film (SSHF) is fabricated by freezing-constrained polymerization-driven self-wrinkling. Polypyrrole layers are first polymerized on a frozen pre-stretching hydrogel surface and subsequently self-wrinkled upon releasing the pre-strain.

A critical review on pineapple (Ananas comosus) wastes for water treatment, challenges and future prospects towards circular economy.

Each year, nearly 30 million tons of pineapple fruit are harvested for food and drinking industries, along with the release of a huge amount of pineapple wastes. Without the proper treatment, pineapple wastes can cause adverse impacts on the environment, calling for new technologies to convert them into valuable products. Here, we review the production and application of adsorbents derived from pineapple wastes.

Facile synthesis of CoFeO@MIL-53(Al) nanocomposite for fast dye removal: Adsorption models, optimization and recyclability.

The global occurrence of textile dyes pollution has recently emerged, posing a serious threat to ecological systems. To abate dye contamination, we here developed a novel magnetic porous CoFeO@MIL-53(Al) nanocomposite by incorporating magnetic CoFeO nanoparticles with MIL-53(Al) metal-organic framework. This nanocomposite possessed a surface area of 197.

Strong-Weak Response Network-Enabled Ionic Conductive Hydrogels with High Stretchability, Self-Healability, and Self-Adhesion for Ionic Sensors.

The requirement of ionic conductive hydrogels with tailor-made superelasticity and high chain mobility is highly desired while meeting a challenge. Herein, ionic conductive hydrogels with the design of strong-weak response networks were synthesized via the free-radical copolymerization of monomers of 1-methyl-3-(4-vinylbenzyl)imidazolium chloride and sodium 2-acrylamino-2-methylpropanesulfonate in water. The as-formed strong-weak response networks in ionic conductive hydrogels included binary interactions of strong electrostatic forces and weak hydrogen bonds.

Generating reaction trees with cascaded variational autoencoders.

To develop useful drugs and materials, chemists synthesize diverse molecules by trying various reactants and reaction routes. Toward automating this process, we propose a deep generative model, called cascaded variational autoencoder (casVAE), for synthesizable molecular design. It generates a reaction tree, where the reactants are chosen from commercially available compounds and the synthesis route is constructed as a tree of reaction templates.

Retrovirus Drugs-Loaded PEGylated PAMAM for Prolonging Drug Release and Enhancing Efficiency in HIV Treatment.

Polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) with its unique characteristics emerges as a potential drug delivery system which can prolong releasing time, reduce the side effects but still retaining treatment efficiency. In this study, methoxy polyethylene glycol modified PAMAM generation 3.0 (G3.

Optimal Extraction Process and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of High Purity Oily Oleoresin for Pharmaceutical Applications.

Recently, plant-derived anti-inflammatory products have received an increasing attention from researchers due to their excellent in vivo activity with limited side effects. Therefore, the extraction of natural active compounds from the plant with high purity for use in anti-inflammatory formulations is required. In this study, oily oleoresin (OCO) was extracted from L.

Investigations on the interactions of proteins with nanocellulose produced via sulphuric acid hydrolysis.

The investigation of protein-nanoparticle interactions contributes to the understanding of nanoparticle bio-reactivity and creates a database of nanoparticles for use in nanomedicine, nanodiagnosis, and nanotherapy. In this study, hen's egg white was used as the protein source to study the interaction of proteins with sulphuric acid hydrolysed nanocellulose (CNC). Several techniques such as FTIR, zeta potential measurement, UV-vis spectroscopy, compressive strength, TGA, contact angle and FESEM provide valuable information in the protein-CNC interaction study.

Lipid-Based Nanoparticles in the Clinic and Clinical Trials: From Cancer Nanomedicine to COVID-19 Vaccines.

COVID-19 vaccines have been developed with unprecedented speed which would not have been possible without decades of fundamental research on delivery nanotechnology. Lipid-based nanoparticles have played a pivotal role in the successes of COVID-19 vaccines and many other nanomedicines, such as Doxil and Onpattro, and have therefore been considered as the frontrunner in nanoscale drug delivery systems. In this review, we aim to highlight the progress in the development of these lipid nanoparticles for various applications, ranging from cancer nanomedicines to COVID-19 vaccines.

Cellulose supported promising magnetic sorbents for magnetic solid-phase extraction: A review.

Cellulose with ample hydroxyl groups is considered as a promising supportive biopolymer for fabricating cellulose supported promising magnetic sorbents (CMS) for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE). The easy recovery via external magnetic field, and recyclability of CMS, associated with different types and surface modifications of cellulose has made them a promising sorbent in the field of solid-phase extraction. CMS based sorbent can offer improved adsorption and absorption capabilities due to its high specific surface area, porous structure, and magnetic attraction feature.

Comparison of biogenic silver nanoparticles formed by Momordica charantia and Psidium guajava leaf extract and antifungal evaluation.

Exploiting plant extracts to form metallic nanoparticles has been becoming the promising alternative routes of chemical and physical methods owing to environmentally friendly and abundantly renewable resources. In this study, Momordica charantia and Psidium guajava leaf extract (MC.broth and PG.

A Facile Synthesis Process and Evaluations of α-Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate for Bone Substitute.

Alpha-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-HH) has been used effectively in grafting through its desired features to support bone regeneration. In recent years, many synthetic methods have been proposed. Among them, the autoclave method for manufacturing α-HH is best suited for cost-savings due to its simple operation and limited use of additives.