A Natural Autophagy Activator Castanea crenata Flower Alleviates Skeletal Muscle Ageing.

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by a gradual decline in skeletal muscle mass and function with age, significantly impacts both quality of life and mortality. Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining muscle health. There is growing interest in leveraging autophagy to mitigate muscle ageing effects.

Development of RNA reference materials for norovirus GI and GII using digital PCR.

Norovirus is a highly virulent pathogen that causes enteritis in all age groups worldwide. Owing to the diversity of noroviruses, the development of vaccines and treatments is challenging, and an early and accurate diagnosis is crucial. Reference materials (RMs) developed previously for norovirus genotypes I (GI) and II (GII) were quantified using reverse transcription quantitative PCR.

Development of gene-in-plasmid DNA reference materials certified by single-molecule counting.

The mole, the SI unit for measuring the amount of a substance, was redefined as a fixed number of entities. This definition enables straightforward quantification of substances by counting individual entities. Counting proves particularly effective for quantifying large and discrete biological entities such as DNA, proteins, viruses, and cells, which are challenging to quantify via traditional physical or chemical methods.

The Matrix Stiffness Coordinates the Cell Proliferation and PD-L1 Expression via YAP in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) exerts physiological activity, facilitates cell-to-cell communication, promotes cell proliferation and metastasis, and provides mechanical support for tumor cells. The development of solid tumors is often associated with increased stiffness. A stiff ECM promotes mechanotransduction, and the predominant transcription factors implicated in this phenomenon are YAP/TAZ, β-catenin, and NF-κB.

Cathepsin C regulates tumor progression via the Yes-associated protein signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer.

Cathepsin C (CTSC), also known as dipeptidyl peptidase I, is a cathepsin with lysosomal exocysteine protease activity and a central coordinator for the activation of neutrophil-derived serine proteases in the lysosomes of neutrophils. Although the role of CTSC in various cancers, including liver and breast cancers, has recently been reported, its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the functional role of CTSC in NSCLC and the molecular mechanisms underlying CTSC involvement in disease progression.

Prediction of lung cancer using novel biomarkers based on microbiome profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

There is an unmet need for biomarkers for the diagnosis of lung cancer and decision criteria for lung biopsy. We comparatively investigated the lung microbiomes of patients with lung cancer and benign lung diseases. Patients who underwent bronchoscopy at Chungnam National University Hospital between June 2021 and June 2022 were enrolled.

Factors associated with the download and use of mobile personal health record applications in Korean hospitals.

The use of mobile personal health records (m-PHR) has been little studied at the organizational level. This study was to investigate the relationships of various hospital-related factors with m-PHR use in Korean hospitals. Downloads of m-PHR applications for 101 hospitals were examined from May 26 to 30 June 2022.

Cryobiopsy: A Breakthrough Strategy for Clinical Utilization of Lung Cancer Organoids.

One major challenge associated with lung cancer organoids (LCOs) is their predominant derivation from surgical specimens of patients with early-stage lung cancer. However, patients with advanced lung cancer, who are in need of chemotherapy, often cannot undergo surgery. Therefore, there is an urgent need to successfully generate LCOs from biopsy specimens.

Establishment of a TNFRSF11B knock-out human induced pluripotent stem cell line (KSCBi002-B-2) via CRISPR/Cas9 system.

A TNFRSF11B (TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 11b) gene encodes a soluble decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin (OPG), which has a key role in repressing osteoclast differentiation. In this report, we generated a biallelic knock-out hiPSC line for the TNFRSF11B gene via CRISPR/Cas9. When TNFRSF11B Knock-out hiPSCs were differentiated into mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), the expression level of OPG was significantly decreased compared to normal hiPSC-derived MPCs.

Comparison of progression-free survival outcome of sentinel node biopsy without ultrastaging versus lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer: a propensity-matched analysis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the oncologic outcomes of patients with endometrial cancer who underwent sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy without ultrastaging compared with that of those who underwent lymphadenectomy (LND).

Methods: Patients with endometrial cancer who underwent staging with SLN biopsy or LND during 2006 - 2021 were analyzed using propensity score matching (PSM). SLN metastasis was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining, without ultrastaging.

Virus-templated redox nanowire network for enzyme electrode.

Viruses have unique coat proteins that are genetically modifiable. Their surface can serve as a nano-template on which electroactive molecules are immobilized. In this study, we report filamentous bacteriophage as a backbone to which redox mediators are covalently and densely tethered, constructing redox nanowire, i.

Dynamic changes in pathology and PD-L1 expression in a patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma who received pembrolizumab therapy followed by two salvage surgeries two years later: A case report.

During chemotherapy, certain cancer cells undergo cell death, which alters the properties of remaining cells and leads to numerous changes in the constituent cells of lung cancer. Immunotherapy has been used as neoadjuvant therapy, and several studies have reported changes in lung cancer tissue following treatment with immuno-anticancer drugs in early stage disease. However, no research has currently discussed the pathological and PD-L1 expression changes in metastatic lung cancer.

Antimicrobial activity of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains isolated from the human oral cavity against Streptococcus mutans.

Oral probiotics have been recently gaining much attention owing to their potential to inhibit the progression of dental caries by controlling the cariogenic effects of Streptococcus mutans. We isolated and genotypically identified 77 lactic acid bacteria including 12 Limosilactobacillus fermentum probiotic candidates from the oral cavity of healthy volunteers. Among the 12 L.

A denoising model based on multi-agent reinforcement learning with data transformation for digital tomosynthesis.

. Denoising models based on the supervised learning have been proposed for medical imaging. However, its clinical availability in digital tomosynthesis (DT) imaging is limited due to the necessity of a large amount of training data for providing acceptable image quality and the difficulty in minimizing a loss.

Usefulness and potential pitfalls of pre-operative PET-CT in patients with endometrial cancer undergoing one- and two-step sentinel lymph node mapping: Do negative findings on PET-CT negativity really indicate node negativity?

Objective: We investigated the utility of Positron emission tomography-Computed tomography (PET-CT) in the setting of two different sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping techniques; the conventional cervical injection method (one-step) and the two-step method, which involves fundal injection followed by cervical injection.

Methods: Patients with endometrial cancer undergoing FDG PET-CT followed by laparoscopic or robotic surgical staging with SLN mapping at the Yonsei Cancer Center between July 2014 and April 2021 were stratified into the PET-positive group (with suspected or likely lymph nodes metastasis) and PET-negative group. A chart review was performed for the number of harvested SLNs, patterns of SLN metastases, and recurrence.

Association of antibiotics exposure within the first 2 years after birth with subsequent childhood type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: Antibiotics prescription in early life can cause dysbiosis, an imbalance of gut microbiota. We aimed to reveal the relationship between antibiotics exposure during the first 2 years after birth and type 1 diabetes risk in children under 8 years of age using a nationally representative data from South Korea.

Methods: The final study population consisted of 63,434 children from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database from 2008 to 2015.