Discovery and Characterization of an Atypical Crustin Antimicrobial Peptide from .

Crustins are a family of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that play a pivotal role in the innate immune system of crustaceans. The discovery of novel AMPs from natural sources is crucial for expanding our current database of these peptides. Here, we identified and characterized a novel member of the crustin family, named Crus-SWD1, derived from .

Model of shrimp pond-mediated spatiotemporal dynamic distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in the mangrove habitat of a subtropical gulf.

Aquacultures are the main reason for the environmental selection of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), resulting in the enrichment of ARGs. As a filter, a marine mangrove ecosystem can reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or eliminate ARGs; however, its elimination mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamic distribution of ARGs in two different types of mangrove habitats (shrimp ponds and virgin forests), within a subtropical gulf located in the Beibu Gulf, China, during dry and wet seasons by using metagenomics and real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis.

Toll-like receptor may be involved in acquired immune response in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata.

The increasing experimental evidence suggests that there are some forms of specific acquired immunity in invertebrates, in which Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play vital roles in activating innate and adaptive immunity and have been comprehensively investigated in mammalian species. Yet, the immune mechanisms underlying TLR mediation in mollusks remain obscure. In this study, we identified a TLR13 gene in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata for the first time and named it PfTLR13 which consists of a 5'-untranslated terminal region (5'-UTR) of 543 bp, an open reading frame (ORF) of 2667 bp, and a 3'-UTR of 729 bp.

Sulfur metabolism in subtropical marine mangrove sediments fundamentally differs from other habitats as revealed by SMDB.

Shotgun metagenome sequencing provides the opportunity to recover underexplored rare populations and identify difficult-to-elucidate biochemical pathways. However, information on sulfur genes, including their sequences, is scattered in public databases. Here, we introduce SMDB ( https://smdb.

The association of efficacy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition and tumor mutational burden in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer: A PRISMA-guided literature review and meta-analysis.

Background: Tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been reported to emerge as an independent biomarker of response to identify patients who would achieve benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, it still remains controversy that whether TMB can be a robust biomarker of response to programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibition. We performed this meta-analysis to assess the relationship between TMB and the efficacy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Identification and Characterization of miRNAs and Their Predicted mRNAs in the Larval Development of Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata.

As an important economic shellfish, the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, and its larvae are an ideal model for studying molecular mechanisms of larval development in invertebrates. Larval development directly affects the quantity and quality of pearl oysters. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may play important roles in development, but the effects of miRNA expression on P.

The mitochondrial genome of (Cypraeidae).

The mitochondrial genome of from the South China Sea has been determined (GenBank Accession No. MT522622), which was the second report of mitochondrial genome in the superfamily Cypraeoidea. It is 16,053 bp long and consists of 21 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and 1 control region.

Multiple functions of thymosin β4 in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata suggest its multiple potential roles in artificial pearl culture.

Thymosin β4 is a multifunctional protein in vertebrates that participates in physiological processes, such as wound healing, immune response, cell proliferation and migration. We assessed the multifarious roles of this small peptide in Pinctada fucata, an oyster commonly used in pearl culture in China. Our results showed that when P.

SEM observation of early shell formation and expression of biomineralization-related genes during larval development in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata.

Shell formation of Pinctada fucata in larval development stages plays a crucial role in their survival. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological changes during larval development. We found that the early shell forms soon after enlargement of the blastopore at the anterior end of the trochophore stage and the complete shell forms in the spats stage, required for metamorphosis of P.

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the myostatin gene and its association with growth traits in Noble scallop (Chlamys nobilis).

Myostatin (MSTN), also called growth and differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8), is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily and an inhibitor of muscle differentiation and growth. In this report, we identified and characterized a MSTN gene (CnMSTN) from the scallop Chlamys nobilis. The open reading frame of CnMSTN was 1374bp in length, encoding 457 amino acids.

Transcriptome analysis of the immune reaction of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata to xenograft from Pinctada maxima.

The pearl oyster Pinctada maxima exhibits great difficulty to culture pearls through nuclear insertion with an allograft, but it is easy for P. fucata to culture pearls after allografting. If P.

Identification and Differential Expression of Biomineralization Genes in the Mantle of Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata.

A series of proteins are involved in shell formation of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata, but the involved mechanisms and the relative expression levels of these proteins have not been elucidated. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the transcriptome of P. fucata mantle tissue.

Serum immune response of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata to xenografts and allografts.

The mantle piece from the donor pearl oyster would be rejected by the immune system of recipient oyster in pearl culture practice, especially in the case that the donor and receptor are different species. Thus, investigation of the immune response of recipient oyster to grafted mantle pieces, particularly to xenografts, is of importance in creating xenograft transplantation technology for pearl culture industry. The humoral immune responses of P.

Differentially expressed immune-related genes in hemocytes of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata against allograft identified by transcriptome analysis.

The pearl oyster Pinctada fucata is commonly cultured for marine pearls in China. To culture pearls, a mantle piece from a donor pearl oyster is grafted with a nucleus into a receptor. This transplanted mantle piece may be rejected by the immune system of the recipient oyster, thus reducing the success of transplantation.

Characterization of transcriptome and identification of biomineralization genes in winged pearl oyster (Pteria penguin) mantle tissue.

The winged pearl oyster Pteria penguin is a commercially important marine pearl oyster species, with pearls that are quite different from those of other pearl oysters. Among such species, mantle tissue is the main organ responsible for shell and pearl formation, a biomineralization process that is regulated by a series of genes, most of which remain unknown. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the transcriptome of P.

High carotenoids content can enhance resistance of selected Pinctada fucata families to high temperature stress.

Carotenoids are a class of natural antioxidants widely found in aquatic, and they have significant effects on the growth, survival, and immunity of these organisms. To investigate the mechanisms of carotenoids in high temperature resistance, we observed the immune response of selected pearl oyster Pinctada fucata (Akoya pearl oyster) families with different carotenoids contents to high temperature stress. The results indicated that the survival rate (SR) of P.

Differential Gene Expression during Larval Metamorphic Development in the Pearl Oyster, , Based on Transcriptome Analysis.

experiences a series of transformations in appearance, from swimming larvae to sessile juveniles, during which significant changes in gene expression likely occur. Thus, could be an ideal model in which to study the molecular mechanisms of larval metamorphosis during development in invertebrates. To study the molecular driving force behind metamorphic development in larvae of , transcriptomes of five larval stages (trochophore, D-shape, umbonal, eyespots, and spats) were sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 system and assembled and characterized with the transcripts of six tissues.

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of chitinase from the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata.

Chitinase is an enzyme that plays an important role in the chitin metabolism of a wide range of organisms. However, the function of chitinase in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata is yet to be determined. In this study, a chitinase gene (named PfChi1) was cloned from P.

Genomic structure of the α-amylase gene in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata and its expression in response to salinity and food concentration.

Amylase is one of the most important digestive enzymes for phytophagous animals. In this study, the cDNA, genomic DNA, and promoter region of the α-amylase gene of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata were cloned by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and genome-walking methods. The full-length cDNA sequence was 1704bp long and consisted of a 5'-untranslated region of 17bp, a 3'-untranslated region of 118bp, and a 1569-bp open reading frame encoding a 522-aa polypeptide with a 20-aa signal peptide.

Characterization of the bay scallop (Argopecten irradians concentricus Say) transcriptome and identification of growth-related genes.

The bay scallop Argopecten irradians concentricus is a commercially important bivalve species for aquaculture in China. However, the scarcity of transcripotomic and genomic resources of the bay scallop has hindered the progress of genetic improvement of the animal. To change this situation, de novo transcriptome sequencing with Illumina HiSeq™2000 sequencing platform was carried out for the bay scallop.

Highly expressed EGFR in pearl sac may facilitate the pearl formation in the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and migration. Yet whether it functions in pearl formation or not is not reported. In this study, EGFR was cloned from the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata (named as Pf-EGFR) and its expression profiles were investigated.

The complete nucleotide sequence of Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) mitochondrial genome.

In this study, we reported the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the Epinephelus malabaricus. The full-length of the mitochondrial genome consisted of a 16,423 bp fragment, with the base composition of A (28.70%), T (26.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the hybrid grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (♀)×Epinephelus lanceolatus (♂).

In this study, we reported the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the hybrid grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (♀)×Epinephelus lanceolatus (♂). The full-length of the mitochondrial genome consisted of a 16,644 bp fragment, with the base composition of A (29.21%), C (26.