Etiology of Hydronephrosis in adults and children: Ultrasonographic Assessment in 233 patients.

Objectives: Hydronephrosis (HN) is dilatation of the collecting system of the kidney due to obstruction of urine outflow. This study intended firstly, to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound (US) imaging to determine the cause of HN, and secondly, to list the causes of HN.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 233 patients with HN were scanned to determine the cause of the HN in the period from 1 January 2016 to 31 October 2017.

Gender and side distribution of urinary calculi using ultrasound imaging.

Introduction: Urinary calculi constitute a significant medical problem worldwide. Due to lack of previous studies on gender and side distribution of urinary calculi, the current study was conducted.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study involved 590 urinary calculi from the electronic reports of 266 patients.