Role of genetic analysis of products of conception and PGT in managing early pregnancy loss.

This article considers the addition of comprehensive 24-chromosomal microarray (CMA) analysis of products of conception (POC) to a standard evaluation for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) to help direct treatment towards expectant management versus IVF with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A). The review included retrospective data from 65,333 miscarriages, a prospective evaluation of 378 couples with RPL who had CMA testing of POC and the standard workup, and data from an additional 1020 couples who were evaluated for RPL but did not undergo CMA testing of POC. Aneuploidy in POC explained the pregnancy loss in 57.

The Effects of Long-Term Dienogest Therapy on In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes in Women with Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Assessing dienogest's efficacy in endometriosis patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Data Sources: Systematic search in databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, Google Scholar) until 1 October 2022.

Study Selections: Randomized trials and observational studies comparing extended dienogest pre-treatment, no pre-treatment, or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist pre-treatment in endometriosis-linked IVF.

Intestinal loads of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and Carbapenemase genes in critically ill pediatric patients.

Introduction: Intestinal colonization by Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms (MDROs) can pose a threat on the health of critically ill patients. The extent of colonization by these organisms is related to previous antibiotic treatments and their ability to cause infections among adult patients. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the intestinal Relative Loads (RLs) of selected antibiotic resistance genes, antibiotic consumption and extra-intestinal spread among critically ill pediatric patients.

Intestinal Dominance by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients.

Pediatric liver transplantation (PLTx) is commonly associated with extensive antibiotic treatments that can produce gut microbiome alterations and open the way to dominance by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). In this study, the relationship between intestinal Relative Loads (RLs) of β-lactamase genes, antibiotic consumption, microbiome disruption, and the extraintestinal dissemination of MDROs among PLTx patients is investigated. 28 PLTx patients were included, from whom 169 rectal swabs were collected.

Update on preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy and outcomes of embryos with mosaic results.

Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is used as a frequent add-on for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) to improve clinical outcomes. The purpose is to select a euploid embryo following chromosomal testing on embryo biopsies. The current practice includes comprehensive chromosome screening (CCS) technology applied on trophectoderm (TE) biopsies.

Prevention of multiple pregnancies in gonadotropin-insemination cycles.

Purpose Of Review: Although elective single embryo transfer has significantly reduced, the rate of multiple pregnancy in IVF cycles, this rate is still relatively high in gonadotropin-insemination cycles. Patients who fail to ovulate or to conceive with oral agents and have constraints for IVF are usually candidates for gonadotropin injections. The current review article provides an up-to-date summation of the different strategies that can be adopted to reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies in gonadotropin-stimulated intrauterine insemination cycles.

Successful treatment of ptyalism gravidarum with clonidine hydrochloride: A case report.

Ptyalism gravidarum is a disorder characterized by significant hypersalivation during pregnancy, which affects and interferes with quality of life. No published data has demonstrated an effective approach to treat this condition. This case study reports the use of clonidine hydrochloride, an alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist that is typically used as an anti-hypertensive agent, to treat the excessive sialorrhea typical of this disorder.

Dissemination of a single ST11 clone of OXA-48-producing within a large polyclonal hospital outbreak determined by genomic sequencing.

The population structure of a set of OXA-48-producing isolates belonging to sequence type 11 (ST11 Kp-OXA) and obtained from two hospitals in Madrid in the period from 2012 to 2015 was studied by genome sequencing. Overall, 97 ST11 Kp-OXA isolates were sequenced and their population structure and demography were studied by Bayesian phylodynamic analysis using core-genome SNVs. In total, 92 isolates were from Hospital La Paz, 57 of them from two selected units.

Intestinal Dominance by and among Neonates in the Setting of an Outbreak.

(1) Background: We determined the relevance of intestinal dominance by spp. during a neonatal outbreak over 13 weeks. (2) Methods: Rectal swabs (n = 110) were obtained from 42 neonates.

Genetic testing of products of conception in recurrent pregnancy loss evaluation.

Genetic testing of products of conception (POC) has been proposed as a tool to be used in the evaluation of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Following a complete RPL evaluation, POC results may reveal an aneuploidy and provide an explanation for the miscarriage in more than 55% of cases. When the cytogenetic result of the pregnancy loss reveals a euploid pregnancy, management should be directed towards the identification of treatable abnormalities.

Characterization of an osteomyelitis case caused by dalbavancin, ceftaroline, and vancomycin non-susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

We report a case of osteomyelitis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that is also non-susceptible to vancomycin, dalbavancin, ceftaroline, and ceftobiprole, in the absence of exposure to the latter three antibiotics. It was isolated from a patient with a 26-year history of cranial surgeries and episodes of osteomyelitis. Whole-genome sequencing was performed.

Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Madrid, Spain, during the First Wave of the Pandemic: Fast Spread and Early Dominance by D614G Variants.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in Madrid, Spain, on 25 February 2020. It increased in frequency very fast and by the end of May more than 70,000 cases had been confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To study the lineages and the diversity of the viral population during this first epidemic wave in Madrid we sequenced 224 SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes collected from three hospitals from February to May 2020.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy: A Review of the Evidence.

Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy was developed as an invasive embryo-selection technique and is extensively used in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Around 95,000 preimplantation genetic testing cycles were carried out in the United States between 2014 and 2016, the majority of which were performed for aneuploidy. The objective of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy is to select for transfer a euploid embryo, after embryo biopsy and cytogenetic analysis.

Metagenomic Detection of Two Vientoviruses in a Human Sputum Sample.

We used metagenomics to analyze one sputum sample from a patient with symptoms of a respiratory infection that yielded negative results for all pathogens tested. We detected two viral genomes that could be assembled and showed sequence similarity to redondoviruses, a recently described group within the CRESS-DNA viruses. One hundred sputum samples were screened for the presence of these viruses using specific primers.

Impact of government health coverage for ART: The results of a 5-year experience in Quebec.

An analysis of national registry data for 5 years of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) funding in Quebec, Canada was compared with the previous complete year of non-funded IVF cycles, as well as the first complete year following the end of funding. The number of cycles, livebirth rates, age group of patients treated, use of donor gametes, multiple pregnancy rates and cycle cancellation rates were assessed. The total number of IVF cycles performed increased dramatically during the funded period, averaging over 10,000 cycles per year.