Concerns about the application of resistance exercise with blood-flow restriction and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients.

Background: Hemodialysis (HD) per se is a risk factor for thrombosis. Considering the growing body of evidence on blood-flow restriction (BFR) exercise in HD patients, identification of possible risk factors related to the prothrombotic agent D-dimer is required for the safety and feasibility of this training model. The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors associated with higher D-dimer levels and to determine the acute effect of resistance exercise (RE) with BFR on this molecule.

Frequentist, Bayesian Analysis and Complementary Statistical Tools for Geriatric and Rehabilitation Fields: Are Traditional Null-Hypothesis Significance Testing Methods Sufficient?

Null hypothesis significant testing (NHST) is the dominant statistical approach in the geriatric and rehabilitation fields. However, NHST is routinely misunderstood or misused. In this case, the findings from clinical trials would be taken as evidence of no effect, when in fact, a clinically relevant question may have a "non-significant" -value.

Training, Pharmacological Ergogenic Aids, Dehydration, and Nutrition Strategies during a Peak Week in Competitive Brazilian Bodybuilders: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study in a Non-World Anti-Doping Agency Competitive Environment.

Background: this observational and cross-sectional study aimed to describe training, pharmacological ergogenic aids, dehydration, and nutrition strategies during a peak week in competitive bodybuilders and monitor changes that occurred across this period.

Methods: Ten amateur bodybuilders were followed during a peak week phase and one day post-contest. Training, diet, dehydration protocol, anabolic steroid use, and nonsteroidal agents were recorded, prescribed, and supervised by the same coach in charge.

Muscle performance in octogenarians: Factors affecting dynapenia.

Background: The muscle performance is associated with several health outcomes in adults, however modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in octogenarians have not yet been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential risk factors that negatively affect muscle strength in octogenarians.

Methods: This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study included 87 older adult participants (56 women and 31 men) attending a geriatric clinic.

Reliability and Validity of a Portable Traction Dynamometer in Knee-Strength Extension Tests: An Isometric Strength Assessment in Recreationally Active Men.

Background: the study determined the validity and reliability of measurements obtained using the portable traction dynamometer (PTD) (E-Lastic, E-Sports Solutions, Brazil) and the reproducibility between evaluators (precision) in the evaluation of the isometric muscle strength of the knee extensors of healthy male adults, compared to measurements obtained with the "gold standard" computerized dynamometer (CD) (Biodex System 3, Nova York, NY, USA).

Methods: we evaluated sixteen recreationally active men (29.50 ± 7.

Field-Based Estimates of Muscle Quality Index Determine Timed-Up-and-Go Test Performance in Obese Older Women.

Objective: The muscle quality index (MQI) is associated with numerous health outcomes in adults; however, the effects of distinct MQI on functional capacity in obese older women have not yet been fully investigated. Thus, we investigated the contribution of different muscle quality indices on TUG performance prediction in obese older women. We secondarily evaluated the association between MQI, aerobic capacity performance (Treadmill performance and 6-minute walk test), and obesity indices (BMI, body fat percentage, and neck, waist, and hip circumference).

Resistance training and Down Syndrome: A narrative review on considerations for exercise prescription and safety.

The current manuscript reviews the literature on the health effects of resistance training (RT) for individuals with Down syndrome (DS), focusing on this training modality's methodology, application, and safety. The literature has mentioned that early aging in this population is associated with loss of muscle strength, lower lean and bone mass, and increased obesity. It is necessary to propose non-pharmacological measures for prevention and health promotion.

Body composition and functional performance of older adults.

Objectives: To determine if anthropometric variables, body composition, medication and gender are associated with functional performance and to compare these variables between octogenarians with high and low functional performance.

Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were evaluated.

Inter-individual variations in response to aerobic and resistance training in hypertensive older adults.

Background: Hemodynamic responses to physical training are not homogenous and uniform, and considerable inter-individual variations in the blood pressure of hypertensive individuals are noted in both aerobic and resistance training protocols. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on the blood pressure responses of hypertensive older adults.

Methods: Groups were randomly divided into resistance training, n = 20; aerobic training, n = 20; control group, n = 21).

Initial Muscle Quality Affects Individual Responsiveness of Interleukin-6 and Creatine Kinase following Acute Eccentric Exercise in Sedentary Obese Older Women.

This study aimed to evaluate the time course and responsiveness of plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and creatine kinase (CK) levels following acute eccentric resistance exercise in sedentary obese older women with a different muscle quality index (MQI). Eighty-eight participants (69.4 ± 6.

A Useful Blood Flow Restriction Training Risk Stratification for Exercise and Rehabilitation.

Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) is a modality with growing interest in the last decade and has been recognized as a critical tool in rehabilitation medicine, athletic and clinical populations. Besides its potential for positive benefits, BFRT has the capability to induce adverse responses. BFRT may evoke increased blood pressure, abnormal cardiovascular responses and impact vascular health.

The Effect of Mat Pilates Training Combined With Aerobic Exercise Versus Mat Pilates Training Alone on Blood Pressure in Women With Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of mat Pilates (MP) versus MP plus aerobic exercise (AE) compared with the effects of no intervention on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in women with hypertension.

Methods: This 3-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial assessed 60 women who had hypertension and were 30 to 59 years old. The intervention lasted 16 weeks, and the participants were allocated into 3 groups: MP only (MP group), MP with alternating bouts of AE on a treadmill (MP + AE group), and control group (CG) with no exercises.

Effects of Resistance Training on Muscle Quality Index, Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity, and Serum Immunoglobulin Levels between Obese and Non-obese Older Women.

Considering the negative impact of obesity on neuromuscular and immune systems, we sought to compare the effects of a 10-week resistance training (RT) program on muscle quality index (MQI), muscle strength, functional capacity, and immunoglobulins in older women with and without obesity. Thirty-nine older women participated in the present study (age: 69.02 ± 6.

An overview of the level of dietary support in the gut microbiota at different stages of life: A systematic review.

Background & Aims: The gut microbiome is an essential factor for the health of the host. Several factors may alter the gut's microbiota composition, including genetic factors, lifestyle, aging, and dietary intervention. This process can be an essential element in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with microbiome dysfunction through appropriate dietary interventions.

Advancements and critical steps for statistical analyses in blood pressure response to resistance training in hypertensive older women: a methodological approach.

Background: Repeated measures analysis of covariance and three-way analysis of variance with repeated measures are common statistical methods. For a valid interpretation of blood pressure (BP) response to exercise, a variety of additional statistical methods must be implemented. Four additional statistical methods are presented: technical error of measurement (SEM), smallest real difference (SRD), magnitude-based inference and mixed effect modeling technique (MEM).

Comparison of field- and laboratory-based estimates of muscle quality index between octogenarians and young older adults: an observational study.

Muscle quality (the ratio of strength to lean muscle mass) might be a better indicator of muscle function than strength alone. Differences in muscle quality index (MQI) between octogenarians and young older adults remain unclear. The aims of the present cross-sectional study were to compare (1) MQI between octogenarians and young older adults, (2) lab versus field-based MQI tools, and (3) determine possible confounding factors affecting MQI in older adults.

Effect of high-velocity and traditional resistance exercise on serum antioxidants and inflammation biomarkers in older women: A randomized crossover trial.

Introduction: Contrary to the production of oxidant and inflammation biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes decrease with age and the adaptive response to oxidative stress is reduced. The effects of the different resistance exercise protocols to attenuate these conditions are largely unexplored.

Objective: We compared the acute effects of traditional resistance exercise (TRE) and high velocity RE (HVRE) on inflammatory biomarkers and antioxidant activity in elderly women.

Resistance training decreases matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity in quadriceps tendon in a rat model of osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that induces peri-articular tissue degradation. OA induces an imbalance between synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix components in favor of catabolic events, promoting pathological remodeling and involving degradative enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of 8-weeks resistance training (RT) on MMP-2 activity in the quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon in an OA model.

Relation Between Relative Handgrip Strength, Chronological Age and Physiological Age with Lower Functional Capacity in Older Women.

Purpose: Relative handgrip strength (RHGS), Aged Based on Exercise Stress Testing (A-BEST), and chronological age were evaluated as predictors of impaired mobility in older women.

Methods: Participants included 88 older women (mean age 68.13±6.

Potential Implications of Blood Flow Restriction Exercise on Vascular Health: A Brief Review.

Blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise (a.k.a.