Optimal control and cost-effectiveness analysis of Fasciola hepatica model.

A deterministic model with an optimal control framework is formulated to analyse the cost-effectiveness of intervention measures used to control Fasciola hepatica in cattle populations. Using the Volterra-Lyapunov stability method, it is noted that the model is globally stable at the endemic equilibrium point. The Pontryagin maximum principle has been applied to determine optimal disease control conditions, including strategies such as pasture management, treatment of infected cattle, and molluscicide use.