Antenatal screening for thyroid dysfunction: pre-term birth, low birth-weight, and growth restriction.

Objective: To assess pre-term birth, low birth-weight and growth restriction according to maternal thyroid screening results and subsequent treatment.

Methods: This is a nonintervention nested case-control study derived from 10,052 asymptomatic women previously screened during the first trimester marker with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies, serum thyroid stimulating hormone, and free thyroxine. Screening results had been classified as positive with one or more markers outside the normal range and referred to an endocrinologist.

The prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism in first trimester screening from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism in the first trimester from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation according to the American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines from 2017 and to compare the rates for singleton and twin pregnancies.

Methods: A total of 4965 consecutive Caucasian singleton pregnancies and 109 Caucasian twin pregnancies were included in the investigation. Patients with a history of thyroid gland disorder were excluded.

Maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone reference ranges for first trimester screening from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation.

Background: To establish maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) reference ranges for first trimester screening from 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation.

Methods: A total of 10 592 singleton and 201 twin consecutive Caucasian pregnant women who underwent simultaneously prenatal first trimester Down's syndrome screening and thyroid function screening from January 2010 to November 2017 were included in the study. Women with positive antithyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and positive personal history of thyroid disease were previously excluded.

Incorporating thyroid markers in Down syndrome screening protocols.

Objective: The article aimed to assess the benefit of incorporating maternal serum thyroid disease marker levels (thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine) into first trimester Down syndrome screening protocols.

Methods: Statistical modelling was used to predict performance with and without the thyroid markers. Two protocols were considered: the combined test and the contingent cell-free DNA (cfDNA) test, where 15-40% women are selected for cfDNA because of increased risk based on combined test results.