Advances in Flame Retardant Technologies for Epoxy Resins: Chemical Grafting onto Carbon Fiber Techniques, Reactive Agents, and Applications in Composite Materials.

This review examines recent advancements in flame retardant technologies for epoxy and bio-epoxy resins, focusing on the chemical grafting of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) onto carbon fibers (CFs) and the use of reactive flame retardant agents in composite materials. It covers various grafting techniques and analyzes mechanisms behind property enhancements, exploring how these approaches improve thermal stability and flame resistance while addressing sustainability challenges. This review discusses the synergistic effects of bio-based materials and innovative grafting methods.

Theoretical and Electrochemical Evaluation of Cannabis Sativa L. Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acidic Medium.

The corrosion of metals in acidic environments remains a significant challenge, driving the search for sustainable and eco-friendly inhibitors derived from natural sources. This study evaluates the corrosion inhibition potential of three extracts from Cannabis sativa L., namely ethanol extract (EET), hexane extract (EHX), and dichloromethane extract (EDM), for mild steel in a 1 M HCl acidic medium.

Recent Advances in Fire Safety of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites for High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage Tanks.

The increasing use of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier has underscored the necessity for advanced materials that can provide safe storage under extreme conditions. Carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy (CFRP) composites are increasingly utilized in various high-performance applications, including automotive, aerospace, and particularly hydrogen storage tanks, due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, durability, excellent corrosion resistance, and low thermal conductivity. However, the inherent flammability of epoxy matrices poses significant safety concerns, particularly in hydrogen storage, where safety is paramount.

Enhanced corrosion protection of copper in saline environments using bio-nanocomposite coatings based on chitosan and chitosan Schiff base.

An in-depth study focuses on developing new environmentally friendly bio-nanocomposites, by incorporating SrTiO (STO) ceramic nanoparticles into matrices of chitosan and its derivatives, aiming to use them as protective coatings against corrosion. The various stages of this study include the cross-linking of chitosan, the synthesis of Schiff base chitosan, the cross-linking of Schiff base chitosan, and the preparation of nanocomposite coatings. The coatings' structure and composition were analyzed using different methods, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy - Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (TEM-EDX), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Experimental accompanied with computational (atomic/electronic)-level simulation investigations of Polygonum cuspidatum root extract as sustainable corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in aggressive corrosive media.

This study investigates the corrosion inhibition potential of Polygonum cuspidatum root extract (PCRE) on mild steel in a 0.5 M HCl acidic environment. Herein, various techniques including electrochemical and gravimetric measurements were employed, along with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle (CA) measurements for surface morphology analysis.

Unraveling the corrosion inhibition behavior of prinivil drug on mild steel in 1M HCl corrosive solution: insights from density functional theory, molecular dynamics, and experimental approaches.

The deterioration of mild steel in an acidic environment poses a significant challenge in various industries. The emergence of effective corrosion inhibitors has drawn attention to studies aimed at reducing the harmful consequences of corrosion. In this study, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of Prinivil in a 1M HCl solution through various electrochemical and gravimetric techniques has been investigated for the first time.

Progress in the Field of Cyclophosphazenes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications.

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the realm of cyclophosphazenes, encompassing their preparation methodologies, distinctive properties, and diverse applications. The synthesis approaches are explored, highlighting advancements in the preparation of these cyclic compounds. The discussion extends to the distinctive properties exhibited by cyclophosphazenes, including thermal stability characteristics, and other relevant features.

Integrating experimental and theoretical studies in the development of a novel alginate-based bio-composite for copper anticorrosion in 3.5 % NaCl environments.

The development of new coatings based on a biopolymer, epichlorohydrin-modified alginate, and alginate-epichlorohydrin-SrTiO nanocomposites incorporating SrTiO (STO) nanoparticles in the alginate (Alg) matrix (Alg-Ep-STO), has been addressed in this study. Various characterization techniques were employed to analyze the prepared compounds, including X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as surface analysis methods such as Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarisation (PDP) methods were used to evaluate corrosion inhibition and protection durability.

Hybrid epoxy/Br inhibitor in corrosion protection of steel: experimental and theoretical investigations.

The corrosion of carbon steel infrastructure in acidic environments poses significant economic and safety challenges. Traditional inhibitors such as chromates are being phased out due to toxicity concerns. Thus, there is a need to develop effective and sustainable green alternatives.

Electrochemical, surface morphological and computational evaluation on carbohydrazide Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic medium.

Anticorrosion and adsorption behaviour of synthesized carbohydrazide Schiff bases, namely (Z)-N'-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-6-methyl-2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbohydrazide(MBTC) and (Z)-N'-(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-6-methyl-2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbohydrazide (CBTC) was examined for mild steel (MS) in 15% HCl medium. The corrosion inhibition study was performed by using gravimetric, thermodynamic, electrochemical and theoretical studies including density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) and Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). The outcomes in terms of corrosion inhibition efficiency using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method at 303 K and 150 ppm concentration were 96.

Cellulose based polyurethane with amino acid functionality: Design, synthesis, computational study and application in wastewater purification.

Contamination in water is due to various environmental pollutants from natural and anthropogen activities. To remove toxic metals from contaminated water, we developed a novel adsorbent in foam form based on an olive industry waste material. The foam synthesis involved oxidation of cellulose extracted from the waste to dialdehyde, functionalization of the cellulose dialdehyde with an amino acid group, reacting the functionalized cellulose with hexamethylene diisocyanate and p-phenylene diisocyanate to produce the target polyurethanes Cell-F-HMDIC and Cell-F-PDIC, respectively.

Coco Monoethanolamide Surfactant as a Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations.

Recent studies indicate that surfactants are a relatively new and effective class of corrosion inhibitors that almost entirely meet the criteria for a chemical to be used as an aqueous phase corrosion inhibitor. They possess the ideal hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity ratio, which is crucial for effective interfacial interactions. In this study, a coconut-based non-ionic surfactant, namely, coco monoethanolamide (CMEA), was investigated for corrosion inhibition behaviour against mild steel (MS) in 1 M HCl employing the experimental and computational techniques.

Predicting protection capacities of pyrimidine-based corrosion inhibitors for mild steel/HCl interface using linear and nonlinear QSPR models.

Pyrimidine compounds have proven to be effective and efficient additives capable of protecting mild steel in acidic media. This class of organic compounds often functions as adsorption-type inhibitors of corrosion by forming a protective layer on the metallic substrate. The present study reports a computational study of forty pyrimidine compounds that have been investigated as sustainable inhibitors of mild steel corrosion in molar HCl solution.

Green β-cyclodextrin-based corrosion inhibitors: Recent developments, innovations and future opportunities.

β-Cyclodextrin-based compounds are used to develop and innovate materials that protect against corrosion due to their sustainability, low cost, environmental friendliness, excellent water solubility and high inhibition efficiency. However, corrosion potentials of β-CD-based compounds were not reviewed with the modern trends. The essence of the problem is that a deep understanding of the development and innovation of β-CD-based compounds as corrosion inhibitors is very important in creating next-generation materials for corrosion protection.

Cellulose polymers with β-amino ester pendant group: design, synthesis, molecular docking and application in adsorption of toxic metals from wastewater.

Background: Cellulose polymers with multidentate chelating functionalities that have high efficiency for toxic metal ions present in water were designed, synthesized, and analyzed. The synthesis was carried out by reacting microcrystalline cellulose extracted from the solid waste of the olive industry with tert-Butyl acetoacetate (Cell-AA), produced cellulose with β-ketoester functionality was then reacted with aniline and the amino acid glycine to produce Cell-β-AN and Cell-β-GL, respectively.

Results: The adsorption efficiency of the three polymers toward Pb(II) and various toxic metal ions present in sewage was evaluated as a function of adsorbent dose, time, temperature, pH value, and initial ion concentration to determine optimum adsorption conditions.

Zeolite/Cellulose Acetate (ZCA) in Blend Fiber for Adsorption of Erythromycin Residue From Pharmaceutical Wastewater: Experimental and Theoretical Study.

The expanding amount of remaining drug substances in wastewater adversely affects both the climate and human well-being. In the current investigation, we developed new cellulose acetic acid derivation/zeolite fiber as an effective technique to eliminate erythromycin (ERY) from wastewater. The number of interchangeable sites in the adsorbent structures and the ratio of ERY to the three adsorbents were identified as the main reasons for the reduction in adsorption as the initial ERY concentrations increased.

Cellulose-Based Hectocycle Nanopolymers: Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Adsorption of Difenoconazole from Aqueous Medium.

The goal of this work was to develop polymer-based heterocycle for water purification from toxic pesticides such as difenoconazole. The polymer chosen for this purpose was cellulose nanocrystalline (CNC); two cellulose based heterocycles were prepared by crosslinking with 2,6-pyridine dicarbonyl dichloride (Cell-X), and derivatizing with 2-furan carbonyl chloride (Cell-D). The synthesized cellulose-based heterocycles were characterized by SEM, proton NMR, TGA and FT-IR spectroscopy.

Novel, Environment-Friendly Cellulose-Based Derivatives for Tetraconazole Removal from Aqueous Solution.

In this study, cellulose-based derivatives with heterocyclic moieties were synthesized by reacting cellulose with furan-2-carbonyl chloride (Cell-F) and pyridine-2,6-dicarbonyl dichloride (Cell-P). The derivatives were evaluated as adsorbents for the pesticide tetraconazole from aqueous solution. The prepared adsorbents were characterized by SEM, TGA, IR, and H NMR instruments.

Rheological properties of composite polymers and hybrid nanocomposites.

This paper summarizes a review of the viscosimetric, viscoelastic and rheological properties of polymers and hybrid nanocomposite polymers. Hybrid nanocomposites can be combined from natural fibers or synthetic fibers and/or both. The hybrid nanocomposite polymer offers the designer the opportunity to achieve the required characteristics to a considerable extent controlled by the choice of appropriate fibers or fillers and the polymer architecture.

Rheological and Electrical Study of a Composite Material Based on an Epoxy Polymer Containing Cyclotriphosphazene.

In this work, we have studied, formulated, prepared, and characterized the rheological and electrical behavior of a composite material based on an epoxy resin Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A (DGEBA) reinforced with hexaglycidyl cyclotriphosphazene (HGCP). The epoxy system was cured with 4,4'-methylene dianiline (MDA). DGEBA-HGCP-MDA epoxy composite materials with reinforced HGCP which varied from 5% to 10% by weight were prepared by mixing in the molten state.

Development and potential performance of prepolymer in corrosion inhibition for carbon steel in 1.0 M HCl: Outlooks from experimental and computational investigations.

Diglycidyl amino benzene (DGAB) epoxy prepolymer was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Then, we highlighted the usefulness of DGAB epoxy prepolymer to improve the resistance of carbon steel (CS) in hydrochloric acid (1.0 M HCl) using weight loss (WL), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), density functional theory (DFT) and complexation calculations, molecular dynamics (MD) and meansquaredisplacement (MSD) simulations.

Synthesis of Macromolecular Aromatic Epoxy Resins as Anticorrosive Materials: Computational Modeling Reinforced Experimental Studies.

Herein, two bifunctional macromolecular aromatic epoxy resins (ERs), namely, 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol oxirane (ERH) and 4,4'-isopropylidene tetrabromodiphenol oxirane (ERBr), are synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as anticorrosive materials for carbon steel corrosion in acidic medium. ERs were characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Investigated ERs acted as effective corrosion inhibitors, and their inhibition effectiveness followed the order ERBr (96.

Development rheological and anti-corrosion property of epoxy polymer and its composite.

Epoxy polymer, namely, decaglycidyl pentamethylene dianiline of phosphorus (DGPMDAP) was synthesized in three steps. The synthesis of epoxy polymer DGPMDAP was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, rheological analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), stationary and transient electrochemical methods (PDP and EIS), respectively. The rheological properties of composite (DGPMDAP/MDA/TiO) without and with different percentages of titanium dioxide (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) increase with both the increase in frequency and with rate of load of titanium dioxide.

Efficiency of magnetic chitosan supported on graphene for removal of perchlorate ions from wastewater.

In this study, we used a synthesized cross-linked magnetic chitosan with graphene oxide beads to study the removal of perchlorate from wastewater. The prepared complex was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Several parameters were studied including the effect of pH, contact time and the co-existing anions.