Recurrent Spinal Canal Stenosis after Decompression and Fusion Surgery Due to Bone Overgrowth: Case Report.

Bone regrowth commonly occurs following lumbar decompression surgery. Although it is rare for neurological symptoms to occur due to bone regrowth, this study describes two patients who underwent both decompression and fusion surgeries but experienced spinal canal restenosisthat was severe enough to induce neurological symptoms. A 32-year-old man underwent posterior decompression and posterior lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar canal stenosis at the L4/L5 level 5 years prior.

Enhancing SiN Selectivity over SiO in Low-RF Power NF-O Reactive Ion Etching: The Effect of NO Surface Reaction.

Highly selective etching of silicon nitride (SiN) and silicon dioxide (SiO) has received considerable attention from the semiconductor community owing to its precise patterning and cost efficiency. We investigated the etching selectivity of SiN and SiO in an NF/O radio-frequency glow discharge. The etch rate linearly depended on the source and bias powers, whereas the etch selectivity was affected by the power and ratio of the gas mixture.

Energy-Based Unified Models for Predicting the Fatigue Life Behaviors of Austenitic Steels and Welded Joints in Ultra-Supercritical Power Plants.

The development of a cost-effective and accurate model for predicting the fatigue life of materials is essential for designing thermal power plants and assessing their structural reliability under operational conditions. This paper reports a novel energy-based approach for developing unified models that predict the fatigue life of boiler tube materials in ultra-supercritical (USC) power plants. The proposed method combines the Masing behavior with a cyclic stress-strain relationship and existing stress-based or strain-based fatigue life prediction models.

Photothermally carbonized natural kelp for hydrovoltaic power generation.

We have developed an eco-friendly and efficient method for hydrovoltaic power generation through carbonizing natural kelp, a hydrogel with abundant cations. Under ambient conditions, a CO laser beam was focused on the top surface of dried kelp, photothermally converting it into porous graphitic carbon (PGC) and reducing dissociable cations by thermal evaporation. Owing to the preservation of the bottom surface, this photothermal process yielded a PGC-hydrogel membrane (PHM) featuring a cation concentration gradient.

Development of the Tele-Measurement of Plasma Uniformity via Surface Wave Information (TUSI) Probe for Non-Invasive In-Situ Monitoring of Electron Density Uniformity in Plasma Display Fabrication Process.

The importance of monitoring the electron density uniformity of plasma has attracted significant attention in material processing, with the goal of improving production yield. This paper presents a non-invasive microwave probe for in-situ monitoring electron density uniformity, called the Tele-measurement of plasma Uniformity via Surface wave Information (TUSI) probe. The TUSI probe consists of eight non-invasive antennae and each antenna estimates electron density above the antenna by measuring the surface wave resonance frequency in a reflection microwave frequency spectrum (S11).

Observation of prior light emission before arcing development in a low-temperature plasma with multiple snapshot analysis.

Arcing is a ubiquitous phenomenon and a crucial issue in high-voltage applied systems, especially low-temperature plasma (LTP) engineering. Although arcing in LTPs has attracted interest due to the severe damage it can cause, its underlying mechanism has yet to be fully understood. To elucidate the arcing mechanism, this study investigated various signals conventionally used to analyze arcing such as light emission, arcing current and voltage, and background plasma potential.

EGR1/GADD45α Activation by ROS of Non-Thermal Plasma Mediates Cell Death in Thyroid Carcinoma.

(1) Background: Nonthermal plasma (NTP) induces cell death in various types of cancer cells, providing a promising alternative treatment strategy. Although recent studies have identified new mechanisms of NTP in several cancers, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effect on thyroid cancer (THCA) have not been elucidated. (2) Methods: To investigate the mechanism of NTP-induced cell death, THCA cell lines were treated with NTP-activated medium -(NTPAM), and gene expression profiles were evaluated using RNA sequencing.

Short-term effect of a smartphone application on the mental health of university students: A pilot study using a user-centered design self-monitoring application for mental health.

Background: Despite the widespread recognition of the importance of mental health in young people, only a small proportion of young people with a mental disorder, including university students, receive mental health care.

Objective: We developed a smartphone application (Mental App) for the university students and examined the effects of the app on their mental health.

Methods: The app was designed according to a questionnaire survey conducted before this study.

Crystal structure of {2-methyl-2-[(pyridin-2-yl-meth-yl)amino]-propan-1-ol-κ ,',}bis-(nitrato-κ)copper(II) from synchrotron data.

The title compound, [Cu(NO)(CHNO)], has been synthesized and characterized by synchrotron single-crystal diffraction at 100 K. The Cu ion has a distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry with two N and one O atoms of the CHNO ligand and one nitrate anion in the equatorial plane and another nitrate anion at the axial position. The equatorial Cu-N and Cu-O bond lengths are in the range 1.

Crystal structure of di-chlorido-{2-methyl-2-[(pyridin-2-ylmeth-yl)amino]-propan-1-ol-κ,',}copper(II) from synchrotron data.

The title compound, [CuCl(CHNO)], has been synthesized and characterized by synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy. The 2-methyl-2-[(pyridin-2-ylmeth-yl)amino]-propan-1-ol (mpmapOH) ligand, including pyridine, amine and hy-droxy groups, was synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-2-methyl-propan-1-ol with pyridine-2-carbaldehyde and was characterized by NMR spectroscopy. In its Cu complex, the metal ion has a distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry with two N and one O atom of the mpmapOH ligand and one chloride anion in the equatorial plane, and the second chloride in an axial position.

Crystal structure of trans-(1,8-dibutyl-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexa-aza-cyclo-tetra-decane-κ(4) N (3),N (6),N (10),N (13))bis-(isonicotinato-κO)nickel(II) determined from synchrotron data.

The title compound, [Ni(C6H4NO2)2(C16H38N6)], was prepared through self-assembly of a nickel(II) aza-macrocyclic complex with isonicotinic acid. The Ni(II) atom is located on an inversion center and exhibits a distorted octa-hedral N4O2 coordination environment, with the four secondary N atoms of the aza-macrocyclic ligand in the equatorial plane [average Ni-Neq = 2.064 (11) Å] and two O atoms of monodentate isonicotinate anions in axial positions [Ni-Oax = 2.

Crystal structure of trans-(1,8-dibutyl-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexa-aza-cyclo-tetra-decane-κ(4) N (3),N (6),N (10),N (13))bis-(thio-cyanato-κN)nickel(II) from synchrotron data.

The crystal structure of the title compound, [Ni(NCS)2(C16H38N6)], has been determined from synchrotron data. The asymmetric unit consists of two halves of the complex mol-ecules which have their Ni(II) atoms located on inversion centres. The Ni(II) ions show a tetra-gonally distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry, with four secondary amine N atoms of the aza-macrocyclic ligand in the equatorial plane and two N atoms of the thio-cyanate anions in the axial positions.

Crystal structure of trans-(1,8-dibutyl-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexa-aza-cyclo-tetra-decane-κ(4) N (3),N (6),N (10),N (13))bis-(isonicotinato-κO)copper(II) from synchrotron data.

The title compound, [Cu(C6H4NO2)2(C16H38N6)] has been synthesized and characterized by structure analysis based on synchrotron data and by FT-IR spectroscopy. The asymmetric unit consists of half of the Cu(II) complex, the other half being completed by inversion symmetry. The Cu(II) ion has a tetra-gonally distorted octa-hedral coordination sphere with four secondary N atoms of the aza-macrocyclic ligand in the equatorial plane [Cu-Neq = 2.

Crystal structure of trans-(1,8-dibutyl-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexa-aza-cyclo-tetra-decane-κ(4) N (3),N (6),N (10),N (13))bis-(5-methyltetra-zolato-κN)nickel(II) from synchrotron data.

The structure of the title compound, [Ni(C2H3N4)2(C16H38N6)], has been characterized from synchrotron radiation. The asymmetric unit consists of one half of the Ni(II) complex mol-ecule, which is related to the other half-mol-ecule by an inversion center. The Ni(II) ion is coordinated by four secondary N atoms of the macrocyclic ligand in a square-planar fashion in the equatorial plane and by two N atoms of the 5-methyltetra-zolate anions in axial positions, resulting in a tetra-gonally distorted octa-hedral geometry.

Crystal structure of trans-(1,8-dibutyl-1,3,6,8,10,13-hexa-aza-cyclo-tetra-decane-κ(4) N (3),N (6),N (10),N (13))bis-(perchlorato-κO)copper(II) from synchrotron data.

The structure of the title compound, [Cu(ClO4)2(C16H38N6)] has been determined from synchrotron data, λ = 0.62988 Å. The asymmetric unit comprises one half of the Cu(II) complex as the Cu(II) cation lies on an inversion center.

Crystal structure of di-chlorido-{2-[(2-hy-droxyeth-yl)(pyridin-2-ylmeth-yl)amino]-ethano-lato-κ(4) N,N',O,O'}iron(III) dihydrate from synchrotron data.

In the title compound, [Fe(C10H15N2O2)Cl2]·2H2O, the Fe(III) ion is coordinated by two N and two O atoms of the tetra-dentate 2-{(2-hy-droxy-eth-yl)(pyridin-2-ylmeth-yl)amino}-ethano-late ligand and by two chloride anions, resulting in a distorted octa-hedral coordination sphere. The average Fe-X (X = ligand N and O atoms) and Fe-Cl bond lengths are 2.10 and 2.

Cutoff probe using Fourier analysis for electron density measurement.

This paper proposes a new method for cutoff probe using a nanosecond impulse generator and an oscilloscope, instead of a network analyzer. The nanosecond impulse generator supplies a radiating signal of broadband frequency spectrum simultaneously without frequency sweeping, while frequency sweeping method is used by a network analyzer in a previous method. The transmission spectrum (S21) was obtained through a Fourier analysis of the transmitted impulse signal detected by the oscilloscope and was used to measure the electron density.