Multi-Functional PEDOT:PSS as the Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), particularly in its complex form with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), stands out as a prominent example of an organic conductor. Renowned for its exceptional conductivity, substantial light transmissibility, water processability, and remarkable flexibility, PEDOT:PSS has earned its reputation as a leading conductive polymer. This study explores the unique effects of two additives, Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) and Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), on the PSS component of PEDOT:PSS films are shown.

Fast-Growth Polymer: Fullerene Bulk-Heterojunction Thin Films for Efficient Organic Photovoltaics.

The bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) system that uses a π-conjugated polymer as an electron donor, and a fullerene derivative as an electron acceptor, is widely used in organic solar cells (OSCs) to facilitate efficient charge separation and extraction. However, the conventional BHJ system still suffers from unwanted phase segregation caused by the existence of significant differences in surface energy between the two BHJ components and the charge extraction layer during film formation. In the present work, we demonstrate a sophisticated control of fast film-growth kinetics that can be used to achieve a uniform distribution of donor and acceptor materials in the BHJ layer of OSCs without undesirable phase separation.

Correction: Synaptic plasticity and non-volatile memory characteristics in TiN-nanocrystal-embedded 3D vertical memristor-based synapses for neuromorphic systems.

Correction for 'Synaptic plasticity and non-volatile memory characteristics in TiN-nanocrystal-embedded 3D vertical memristor-based synapses for neuromorphic systems' by Seyeong Yang , , 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NR01930F.

Synaptic plasticity and non-volatile memory characteristics in TiN-nanocrystal-embedded 3D vertical memristor-based synapses for neuromorphic systems.

Although vertical configurations for high-density storage require challenging process steps, such as etching high aspect ratios and atomic layer deposition (ALD), they are more affordable with a relatively simple lithography process and have been employed in many studies. Herein, the potential of memristors with CMOS-compatible 3D vertical stacked structures of Pt/Ti/HfO/TiN-NCs/HfO/TiN is examined for use in neuromorphic systems. The electrical characteristics (including - properties, retention, and endurance) were investigated for both planar single cells and vertical resistive random-access memory (VRRAM) cells at each layer, demonstrating their outstanding non-volatile memory capabilities.

Post-Treatment of Tannic Acid for Thermally Stable PEDOT:PSS Film.

As a poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly (styrene sulfonate), PEDOT:PSS is well known for its conductive polymer in a field of organic electronics. PEDOT:PSS can be widely operated as electronics under low temperature conditions; however, the layer can be easily damaged by high temperature conditions, while in fabrication or in the operation of electronics. Therefore, enhancing the thermal stability of PEDOT:PSS can be a novel strategy for both fabrication and operating varieties.

Resistive Switching Characteristics of Alloyed AlSiO Insulator for Neuromorphic Devices.

Charge-based memories, such as NAND flash and dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), have reached scaling limits and various next-generation memories are being studied to overcome their issues. Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) has advantages in structural scalability and long retention characteristics, and thus has been studied as a next-generation memory application and neuromorphic system area. In this paper, AlSiO, which was used as an alloyed insulator, was used to secure stable switching.

Dynamic and Static Switching in ITO/SnOx/ITO and Its Synaptic Application.

The attempts to devise networks that resemble human minds are steadily progressing through the development and diversification of neural networks (NN), such as artificial NN (ANN), convolution NN (CNN), and recurrent NN (RNN). Meanwhile, memory devices applied on the networks are also being studied together, and RRAM is the one of the most promising candidates. The fabricated ITO/SnOX/TaN device showed two forms of current-voltage (I-V) curves, classified as dynamic and static.

Multi-level Cells and Quantized Conductance Characteristics of AlO-Based RRAM Device for Neuromorphic System.

Recently, various resistance-based memory devices are being studied to replace charge-based memory devices to satisfy high-performance memory requirements. Resistance random access memory (RRAM) shows superior performances such as fast switching speed, structural scalability, and long retention. This work presented the different filament control by the DC voltages and verified its characteristics as a synaptic device by pulse measurement.

Transformed Filaments by Oxygen Plasma Treatment and Improved Resistance State.

The simple structure and operation method of resistive random-access memory (RRAM) has attracted attention as next-generation memory. However, as it is greatly influenced by the movement of oxygen atoms during switching, it is essential to minimize the damage and adjust the defects. Here, we fabricated an ITO/SnO/TaN device and investigated the performance improvement with the treatment of O plasma.

Improvement of the thermal stability of dendritic silver-coated copper microparticles by surface modification based on molecular self-assembly.

In the study reported herein, silver-coated copper (Ag/Cu) powder was modified with alkanethiols featuring alkyl chains of different lengths, namely butyl, octyl, and dodecyl, to improve its thermal stability. The modification of the Ag/Cu powders with adsorbed alkanethiols was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Each powder was combined with an epoxy resin to prepare an electrically conductive film.

Character Recognition of Components Mounted on Printed Circuit Board Using Deep Learning.

As the size of components mounted on printed circuit boards (PCBs) decreases, defect detection becomes more important. The first step in an inspection involves recognizing and inspecting characters printed on parts attached to the PCB. In addition, since industrial fields that produce PCBs can change very rapidly, the style of the collected data may vary between collection sites and collection periods.

Latex-Based Polystyrene Nanocomposites with Non-Covalently Modified Carbon Nanotubes.

We prepared electrically conductive polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites by incorporating non-covalently surface-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with hydrophilic polymers such as polydopamine (PDA) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). Further, ethylene glycol (EG) was introduced as a second dopant to improve the electrical properties of the nanocomposites prepared with PEDOT:PSS-wrapped CNTs. All conductive PS nanocomposites were prepared through latex-based process, and the morphology and properties of the nanocomposites were investigated.

Fabrication Process of Bilayer RGO/PEDOT:PSS Film for Flexible Transparent Conductive Electrode.

We developed a facile method to achieve a homogeneous coating of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) on a graphene oxide (GO) layer with outstanding sheet resistance. We fabricated a transparent bilayer GO/PEDOT:PSS film as a flexible transparent conductive electrode (TCF). GO layer was coated on flexible PET and PI substrate by dip coating.

Novel synthesis of leucoside by enzymatic hydrolysis of tea seed extract.

Background: The application of tea seed extract (TSE) has been widely investigated owing to its biological activities. In this paper, two flavonol triglycosides found in TSE, camelliaside A (CamA) and camelliaside B (CamB), were subjected to hydrolysis in the presence of three commercial enzyme complexes of the Pectinex® series, 5XL, XXL and Ultra SP-L (Ultra).

Results: XXL and 5XL induced stepwise deglycosylation of CamA and CamB to yield kaempferol diglycoside (nicotiflorin), kaempferol monoglycoside (astragalin) and kaempferol, while Ultra produced an additional new compound (1) that had not been observed in earlier studies.

Isolation and anti-inflammatory effect of astragalin synthesized by enzymatic hydrolysis of tea seed extract.

Background: The application of tea seed extract (TSE) has been widely investigated because of its biological activities. In this paper, two flavonol triglycosides in TSE-camelliaside A (CamA) and camelliaside B (CamB)-were subjected to hydrolysis in the presence of two commercial enzyme complexes (Pectinex™ series): Smash and Mash.

Results: Smash hydrolyzed only the xylosyl moiety of CamB, and the main product was kaempferol diglycoside (nicotiflorin, NF).

Isolation and characterization of nicotiflorin obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of two precursors in tea seed extract.

Two flavonol triglycosides, camelliaside A (CamA) and camelliaside B (CamB), of tea seed extract (TSE) were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. Among five kinds of glycosidases investigated, beta-galactosidase (Gal) induced selective hydrolysis of CamA. On the other hand, pectinase (Pec) and cellulase (Cel) induced hydrolysis of CamB.

Effects of hydrophilic and lipophilic beta-sitosterol derivatives on cholesterol absorption and plasma cholesterol levels in rats.

The effects of two phytosterol derivatives of beta-sitosterol, a lipophilic derivative (LPSS) and a hydrophilic derivative (HPSS), on cholesterol uptake and blood lipoprotein levels in rats were compared with those of beta-sitosterol. LPSS and HPSS have solubilities of up to 0.05 g/mL in edible oil and 0.