Reevaluating diabetes and COVID-19 outcomes using national-level data.

Purpose: Using a US nationally representative survey of adults, we aimed to evaluate the association between prevalent diabetes and the uptake of COVID-19 testing, rate of positive testing and symptom severity.

Methods: Data were sourced from the 2020-2021 National Health Interview Survey. COVID-19 outcomes were defined as: (1) test uptake (2) test positivity (3) diagnosis of COVID-19 and (4) severe disease symptoms with a positive COVID-19 test result.

Diabetes Disparities in the United States: Trends by Educational Attainment from 2001 to 2020.

Introduction: Tracking changes in socioeconomic disparities in diabetes in the U.S. is important to evaluate progress in health equity and guide prevention efforts.

Determinants of health and mortality in undiagnosed diabetes: A nationally representative US adult, 2011-2020.

Aim: This study examines the determinants of health and mortality associated with undiagnosed diabetes among a nationally representative sample of US adults.

Methods: Data are from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2011 and 2012 and 2019-2020. Diabetes status is categorized into three groups: undiagnosed diabetes, diagnosed diabetes, and no diabetes.

Spousal Concordance of Hypertension Among Middle-Aged and Older Heterosexual Couples Around the World: Evidence From Studies of Aging in the United States, England, China, and India.

Background: Health concordance within couples presents a promising opportunity to design interventions for disease management, including hypertension. We compared the concordance of prevalent hypertension within middle-aged and older heterosexual couples in the United States, England, China, and India.

Methods And Results: Cross-sectional dyadic data on heterosexual couples were used from contemporaneous waves of the HRS (US Health and Retirement Study, 2016/17, n=3989 couples), ELSA (English Longitudinal Study on Aging, 2016/17, n=1086), CHARLS (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 2015/16, n=6514), and LASI (Longitudinal Aging Study in India, 2017/19, n=22 389).

Social and economic factors and black-white disparities in cardiovascular health: A decomposition analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular health (CVH) in Black adults, and particularly in Black women, has lagged behind White adults for decades and contributes to higher mortality rates for Black adults. We quantified the contribution of five social and economic factors to observed racial disparities in CVH by gender.

Methods: We analyzed data from N = 8,019 adults aged ≥20 years free of cardiovascular disease assessed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2018.

Do diabetes phenotypes in US women differ by race/ethnicity? A population-based cluster analysis.

Objective: US women exhibit racial disparities in the lifetime risk of diabetes and related outcomes. Identifying heterogeneity in clinical presentation may assist with reducing racial disparities in diabetes outcomes. We identified clinical phenotypes of diabetes and examined their racial and ethnic distribution in US women.

Methodology Considerations in Studying Mental Health, Sleep Quality, and Biopsychosocial Determinants Among Chinese and Korean Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Unlabelled: Asians are one of the fastest-growing racial groups in the United States. The mental health of Asian Americans, particularly regarding depression and anxiety, needs significant attention. Various biopsychosocial factors interact to influence the risks of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality among Asian Americans.

Mortality differentials by previous diagnosis of diabetes and glycemic status in the United States.

Aims: This study examines mortality differences associated with current glycemic status in mortality by current glycemic status among adults with a previously diagnosed diabetes. Using previous clinical diagnosis of diabetes (diagnosed diabetes) and laboratory measures of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measured at baseline, we estimated mortality differentials simultaneously by diagnosed diabetes and baseline glycemic status in the United States.

Methods: Data were from 39,491 adults aged 30-84 years assessed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III and continuous NHANES 1999-2014 linked to mortality data.

The US Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Surveillance Environment: An Ecological Analysis of the Relationship of Testing Adequacy in the Context of Vaccination.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing is a critical component of public health surveillance and pandemic control, especially among the unvaccinated, as the nation resumes in-person activities. This study examined the relationships between COVID-19 testing rates, testing positivity rates, and vaccination coverage across US counties.

Methods: Data from the Health and Human Services' Community Profile Report and 2016-2020 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates were used.

Disparities in diabetes between US-born and foreign-born population: using three diabetes indicators.

We investigated disparities in diabetes between the US-born and foreign-born populations using three diabetes measures: diagnosed diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and total diabetes, either diagnosed or undiagnosed diabetes. We analyzed adults aged 30-84 years drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2018 (n = 21,390). Of cohorts in 2009-2018, foreign-born adults had significantly higher age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed (12.

Impact of two- and three-dimensional computed tomography use on intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities of pilon fracture classification and treatment recommendation.

Background: Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) have been increasingly used in various intra-articular fractures including pilon fracture. However, no study has investigated intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities of pilon fracture classification using 3D CT images.

Hypothesis: (1) Intraobserver and interobserver agreements of fracture classifications and treatment recommendations will improve by using 2D CT images compared to using plain radiographs only; (2) agreements will improve by adding 3D CT images compared to adding 2D CT images; and (3) agreements of orthopedic residents rather than specialists will be influenced more by imaging modality.

Symptomatic posterior fossa and supratentorial subdural hygromas as a rare complication following transarticular screw fixation with posterior wiring for atlantoaxial instability: A case report.

Rationale: Atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation has been an effective and appealing method for inducing fusion of the C1-C2 complex. This technique is usually performed with Gallie fusion. In performing Gallie fusion using sublaminar wiring, a major concern is the risk of dural tear associated with passing sublaminar wires through the epidural space.

Hip Arthroplasty Using the Bencox® Hip System: An Evaluation of a Consecutive Series of One Thousand Cases.

Purpose: This is a report on the outcomes associated with a consecutive series of 1,000 cementless hip arthroplasties utilizing the Bencox® hip stem-the first Korean-developed hip prosthesis.

Materials And Methods: A consecutive series of 1,000 hip arthroplasties using the Bencox® hip stem were analyzed, starting from its initial release (September 2006) until June 2014. Patients in this consecutive series underwent surgery for fractures (n=552), arthritis (n=155), avascular necrosis (n=209), and revisions (n=84).

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Sarcopenia in Female Patients with Osteoporotic Fracture.

Background: We determined the prevalence of sarcopenia according to fracture site and evaluated the associated risk factors in female patients with osteoporotic fractures.

Methods: A total of 108 patients aged 50 years or older with an osteoporotic fracture (hip, spine, or wrist) were enrolled in this retrospective observational study. A diagnosis of sarcopenia was confirmed using whole-body densitometry for skeletal muscle mass measurement.

Effect of Diabetes on Life Expectancy in the United States by Race and Ethnicity.

We investigated the impact of diabetes on US life expectancy by sex and race/ethnicity using a prospective cohort study design. Cohorts were drawn from 1997-2009 waves of the National Health Interview Survey and linked to death records through December 31, 2011. We combined data on the prevalence of diabetes among decedents with estimates of the hazard ratios of individuals diagnosed with diabetes to calculate population attributable fractions (PAFs) by age, sex, and race/ethnicity at ages 30 and above.

Dual plate fixation on distal third diaphyseal fracture of the humerus.

Introduction: Displaced unstable distal third fractures of the humeral diaphysis are treated surgically through open reduction and internal fixation. Conventionally, surgeons prefer using long plates for secure fixation; however, we performed short plate dual plating for robust fixation that required a smaller incision and less dissection through an anterior approach. In this study, we report the results of dual plating of fractures of the humeral shaft, with radiographic evidence and clinical analysis.