Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Changes Related to Age and Calorie Restriction in Rat Liver Tissue.

Calorie restriction (CR) is the most frequently studied mechanism for increasing longevity, protecting against stress, and delaying age-associated diseases. Most studies have initiated CR in young animals to determine the protective effects against aging. Although aging phenomena are well-documented, the molecular mechanisms of aging and CR remain unclear.

Prostaglandin E Activates YAP and a Positive-Signaling Loop to Promote Colon Regeneration After Colitis but Also Carcinogenesis in Mice.

Background & Aims: Prostaglandin E (PGE) is mediator of inflammation that regulates tissue regeneration, but its continual activation has been associated with carcinogenesis. Little is known about factors in the PGE signaling pathway that contribute to tumor formation. We investigated whether yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), a transcriptional co-activator in the Hippo signaling pathway, mediates PGE function.

Second-look arthroscopic findings after open-wedge high tibia osteotomy focusing on the posterior root tears of the medial meniscus.

Purpose: This study examined, at second-look arthroscopy, the results of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) focusing on root tear of the medial meniscus posterior horn (RTMMP).

Methods: Among 31 consecutive patients who underwent HTO without a meniscectomy or pullout repair for RTMMP, 20 patients were available for second-look arthroscopic evaluation. All patients had medial unicompartmental arthritis.

Does press-fit technique reduce tunnel volume enlargement after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autologous hamstring tendons? A prospective randomized computed tomography study.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective, randomized, computed tomography-based study was to investigate whether the press-fit technique reduces tunnel volume enlargement (TVE) and improves the clinical outcome after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at a minimum follow-up of 1 year compared with conventional technique.

Methods: Sixty-nine patients undergoing primary ACL reconstruction using hamstring autografts were randomly allocated to either the press-fit technique group (group A) or conventional technique group (group B). All patients were evaluated for TVE and tunnel widening using computed tomography scanning, for functional outcome using International Knee Documentation Committee and Lysholm scores, for rotational stability using the pivot-shift test, and for anterior laxity using the KT-2000 arthrometer at a minimum of 1-year follow-up.

Second-look arthroscopic assessment of arthroscopic single-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: comparison of mixed graft versus achilles tendon allograft.

Background: Although controversy continues over the choice of graft tissue, including autografts, allografts, and synthetic ligaments, for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction, the use of a mixed graft consisting of a hamstring (semitendinosus and gracilis) autograft plus tibialis anterior allograft tendon has not been studied in detail.

Hypothesis: Outcomes of PCL reconstructions performed with a mixed graft would be superior to those using solely an Achilles tendon allograft in terms of functional knee scores, posterior stability, and the graft appearance.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Incidence of bilateral discoid lateral meniscus in an Asian population: an arthroscopic assessment of contralateral knees.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence of bilateral discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) and to evaluate the arthroscopic features of lateral meniscus in asymptomatic contralateral knees in an Asian population who presented with symptomatic DLMs.

Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 52 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic procedures for symptomatic DLMs (31 complete and 21 incomplete) and who consented to the examination of the contralateral knee at the time of arthroscopy. Types of DLMs and of meniscus tears were assessed by use of arthroscopic findings.

Arthroscopic direct repair for a complete radial tear of the posterior root of the medial meniscus.

We report here on a new arthroscopic direct repair technique for a radial tear of the posterior root of the medial meniscus (PRMM) using a posterior trans-septal portal. Radial tears of the PRMM are commonly observed in the elderly population of Korea and Japan, and the life style of these people requires squatting and kneeling down in daily life. A radial tear of the PRMM results in the loss of hoop tension and this accelerates degenerative changes in the knee joint and causes early osteoarthritis.