Endovascular Treatment of Traumatic Vascular Injuries in the Head and Neck Region.

: Traumatic vascular injuries of the head and neck pose significant treatment challenges due to the complex anatomy, diverse clinical presentation, and mostly emergent nature. Endovascular treatment increasingly complements traditional surgical approaches. This study aimed to report our 10-year experience in treating traumatic vascular injuries of the head and neck with endovascular therapy and to determine the effectiveness of endovascular treatment.

Focality in Febrile Seizures: A Retrospective Assessment Using Arterial Spin Labeling MRI.

Purpose: Defining focality of febrile seizures (FS) in clinical practice remains controversial. We investigated focality issues in FS with a postictal arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 77 children (median: 19.

Percutaneous nephrostomy for complex renal stones: Percutaneous renal access behind the stone versus renal calyx dilation.

Objective: To evaluate the technical success rate and complications associated with percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) via percutaneous renal access behind the stone and renal calyx dilation in patients with complex renal stones.

Materials And Methods: From January 2010 to February 2021, we identified 69 patients with 70 complex renal stones who underwent PCN. Complex renal stones were classified as simple (renal pelvis only) (27.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the breast: A case report and literature review focused on radiological findings.

Rationale: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the breast is a rare entity, with an estimated incidence of only 0.2% to 0.3% of all primary breast tumors.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Neonatal Rotavirus-Associated Leukoencephalopathy.

Rotavirus infection has been reported to be associated with neonatal seizures with a diffuse and symmetrical diffusion restriction of periventricular white matter, namely, neonatal rotavirus-associated leukoencephalopathy. The extensive white matter injury seen in this cohort raises concerns about the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. In the present study, we prospectively assessed the neurodevelopmental outcomes of 13 patients with neonatal rotavirus-associated leukoencephalopathy at a median age of 26 months (range, 23-68 months).

Quantification of liver extracellular volume using dual-energy CT for ruling out high-risk varices in cirrhosis.

Purpose: To determine the performance of quantification of liver extracellular volume fraction (fECV) using dual-energy CT (DECT) compared with CT imaging for ruling out high-riskesophageal varices(HRV) in cirrhotic patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 229 cirrhotic patients (training [n = 159] and internal validation cohorts [n = 70]) who underwent dual-source DECT, serum marker assessment, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) from 2017 to 2020. The fECV score was measured using iodine maps from 3-minute delayed, equilibrium-phase images at 100/140 Sn kVp.

Monitoring Radiation Doses during Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neurointerventional Procedures: Multicenter Study for Establishment of Reference Levels.

Purpose: To assess patient radiation doses during diagnostic and therapeutic neurointerventional procedures from multiple centers and propose dose reference level (RL).

Materials And Methods: Consecutive neurointerventional procedures, performed in 22 hospitals from December 2020 to June 2021, were retrospectively studied. We collected data from a sample of 429 diagnostic and 731 therapeutic procedures.

Percutaneous removal of common bile duct stones using a modified balloon technique.

To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous removal of common bile duct (CBD) stones using a modified balloon technique (balloon catheter sphincteroplasty and expulsion of the stones using half-captured balloons within the sheath) in patients difficult to treat with endoscopy.Fifty patients underwent a modified balloon technique (balloon group), and 53 patients underwent CBD stone removal by the basket method (stone basket group) between 2016 and 2019. We compared the balloon and stone basket groups to evaluate the effectiveness of the modified balloon technique.

Variant facial artery anatomy revisited: Conventional angiography performed in 284 cases.

A number of studies have evaluated the variable courses of facial artery. However, the results of these differed substantially from each other so not consistent relationships have yet been established. There has also yet to be a relevant study using conventional angiography.

A rare case of thyroglossal duct cyst extending to the sublingual space: A case report.

Rationale: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital anomaly of midline neck masses. A thyroglossal duct cyst is especially difficult to diagnose and is treated differently when it appears in the sublingual area. Here, we report a rare case of TGDC extending to the sublingual space.

Correction to: T1 mapping for liver function evaluation in gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging: comparison of look-locker inversion recovery and B1 inhomogeneity-corrected variable flip angle method.

The original version of this article, published on 22 March 2019, unfortunately contained a mistake. The following correction has therefore been made in the original: Affiliations 1 and 2 were presented incorrectly.

Initial clinical experience of synthetic MRI as a routine neuroimaging protocol in daily practice: A single-center study.

Background And Purpose: We investigated the clinical feasibility of synthetic MRI with a 4-min single scan using a 48-channel head coil as a routine neuroimaging protocol in daily practice by assessing its diagnostic image quality.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the imaging data of 89 patients who underwent routine brain MRI using synthetic MRI acquisition between February 2017 and April 2017. Image quality assessments were performed by two independent readers on synthetic T1 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T2-weighted, T2 FLAIR, and phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequences acquired using multiple-dynamic multiple-echo imaging.

Adverse effect of smoking on cross-sectional area of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy smokers without COPD.

Introduction: Because it induces systemic inflammation, smoking is a risk factor of atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cross-sectional area (CSA) of small pulmonary vessels can be useful markers to assess early changes of arterial stiffness and pulmonary vascular alteration in smokers.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore association between the CSA of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy male smokers.

T1 mapping for liver function evaluation in gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging: comparison of look-locker inversion recovery and B inhomogeneity-corrected variable flip angle method.

Objectives: To compare look-locker inversion recovery (LLIR) and B inhomogeneity-corrected variable flip angle T1 mapping methods for estimation of liver function and prediction of hepatic insufficiency and decompensation on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 248 patients with normal liver function, chronic liver disease, or cirrhosis underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MR imaging, including T1 mapping at 10-min and 20-min hepatobiliary phase (HBP) by using both methods. T1 relaxation times of the liver (T1, T1) and the spleen (T1) were correlated between two methods.

Clinical feasibility of 1-min ultrafast brain MRI compared with routine brain MRI using synthetic MRI: a single center pilot study.

Background: Ultrafast brain MRI is required for uncooperative patients and time-critical diseases such as stroke because it reduces scan times and motion artifacts. This study investigated the clinical feasibility of a 1-min ultrafast brain MRI protocol for detecting intracranial abnormalities in restless and uncooperative patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 25 patients who underwent a 1-min ultrafast MRI protocol using T1-weighted image, T2-weighted image, echo-planar fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted image, and T2*-weighted image between March 2017 and May 2017.

Preoperative localization of the sensorimotor cortex and measurement of tumor perfusion in a single acquisition using ASL technique.

Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) using arterial spin labelling (ASL) technique was performed for the preoperative localization of the sensorimotor cortex in a patient with lymphoma and the results were compared to those of task-based (tb) and rs-fMRI studies using blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) sequence. Rs-fMRI using ASL showed similar results in the regions of the sensorimotor network to those of tb- and rs-fMRI fMRI using BOLD. ASL technique has a potential in clinical practice because all of brain perfusion imaging, cerebral blood flow measurement, and rs-fMRI study can be performed at a single acquisition.

Intracranial Venous Reflux Caused by Occlusion of the Brachiocephalic Vein Mimicking Dural Arteriovenous Fistula.

Background: High signal intensity of cerebral venous sinuses on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) indicates high flow of shunt from arterial blood, suggesting dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF). Herein, we describe the cases of 2 patients with intracranial venous reflux caused by brachiocephalic vein occlusion (BVO) mimicking dAVF on MRA.

Case Description: Case 1 was a 71-year-old woman who had received arteriovenous graft (AVG) surgery for hemodialysis and presented with headache.

Endovascular therapy of acute ischemic stroke related to tandem occlusion: comparison of occlusion and severe stenosis of the proximal cervical internal carotid artery.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 42 patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular treatment for tandem lesions between January 2011 and April 2017. After dividing the patients into two groups according to lesion type of the proximal cervical ICA (complete occlusion and severe stenosis), we analyzed demographic data, angiographic findings and clinical outcomes. A modified Rankin Scale score ≤2 was defined as a favorable clinical outcome.

Crossed cerebellar hyperperfusion in patients with seizure-related cerebral cortical lesions: an evaluation with arterial spin labelling perfusion MR imaging.

Purpose: Crossed cerebellar (CC) diaschisis refers to a decrease in cerebellar perfusion in the presence of contralateral supratentorial lesions. Most of the previous studies have examined stroke patients. In contrast to strokes, seizure-related cerebral cortical lesions (SCCLs) usually show hyperperfusion, and therefore, cerebellar perfusion patterns are expected to be different from those of strokes.

FSE T2-weighted two-point Dixon technique for fat suppression in the lumbar spine: comparison with SPAIR technique.

Purpose: Fat suppression magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique has been used to improve the diagnostic confidence in lumbar spine diseases. We aimed to compare T2-weighted water-fat separation technique (T2 Dixon) with spectral attenuated inversion recovery (SPAIR) image for fat suppression.

Methods: Lumbar spine MRI examinations were performed in 79 patients by using a 3.

Ruptured extracranial carotid artery: Endovascular treatment with covered stent graft.

Background And Purpose: Rupture of the extracranial carotid artery is a rare, but potentially disastrous event. We aimed to review the clinical presentations and radiologic findings of this entity and to evaluate the efficacy of endovascular treatment with covered stent graft.

Materials And Methods: Since January 2009, eight patients with extracranial carotid artery rupture received endovascular treatment with covered stent graft.

Visual loss due to optic nerve infarction and central retinal artery occlusion after spine surgery in the prone position: A case report.

Rationale: Visual loss after spine surgery in the prone position is a serious complication. Several cases of central retinal artery occlusion with ophthalmoplegia after spine surgery have been reported in patients with ophthalmic arteries fed by the internal carotid artery (ICA) in a normal manner.

Patient Concerns: A 74-year-old man developed visual loss after undergoing a spinal decompression and fusion operation in the prone position that lasted approximately 5 hours.

Splenial Lesions of the Corpus Callosum: Disease Spectrum and MRI Findings.

The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest white matter structure in the brain, consisting of more than 200-250 million axons that provide a large connection mainly between homologous cerebral cortical areas in mirror image sites. The posterior end of the CC is the thickest part, which is called the splenium. Various diseases including congenital to acquired lesions including congenital anomalies, traumatic lesions, ischemic diseases, tumors, metabolic, toxic, degenerative, and demyelinating diseases, can involve the splenium of the CC and their clinical symptoms and signs are also variable.