Endovascular Treatment of Traumatic Vascular Injuries in the Head and Neck Region.

: Traumatic vascular injuries of the head and neck pose significant treatment challenges due to the complex anatomy, diverse clinical presentation, and mostly emergent nature. Endovascular treatment increasingly complements traditional surgical approaches. This study aimed to report our 10-year experience in treating traumatic vascular injuries of the head and neck with endovascular therapy and to determine the effectiveness of endovascular treatment.

Rapid detection and identification of microplastics from nonchemically treated soil with CARS microspectroscopy.

In conventional microplastic (MP) analysis, acid or alkaline digestion is a necessary pretreatment step to remove residual organic matter from environmental samples. However, such a digestion process is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also possibly cause severe chemical damage to the MP itself, often making accurate MP characterization difficult. This study demonstrates that broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microspectroscopy is useful for rapidly detecting and identifying MPs in natural soil without any digestion process.

Discriminating Congested Vibrational Peaks of Condensed Organic Materials with Time- and Frequency-Resolved Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy.

The spectral congestion of highly overlapping vibrational peaks of molecules in condensed phases is a persistent challenge in conventional linear vibrational spectroscopy, making it difficult to accurately determine the spectroscopic parameters. This study demonstrates the utility of time- and frequency-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy with a time-delayed picosecond probe pulse in resolving congested C-H stretching vibrational peaks of condensed organic matters. The results show that the overlapping vibrational peaks of polymeric films and oily liquids, which are not easily distinguishable in spontaneous Raman spectroscopy, can be separated in the time-resolved CARS (tr-CARS) spectra.

Percutaneous nephrostomy for complex renal stones: Percutaneous renal access behind the stone versus renal calyx dilation.

Objective: To evaluate the technical success rate and complications associated with percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) via percutaneous renal access behind the stone and renal calyx dilation in patients with complex renal stones.

Materials And Methods: From January 2010 to February 2021, we identified 69 patients with 70 complex renal stones who underwent PCN. Complex renal stones were classified as simple (renal pelvis only) (27.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the breast: A case report and literature review focused on radiological findings.

Rationale: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the breast is a rare entity, with an estimated incidence of only 0.2% to 0.3% of all primary breast tumors.

Label-Free Live-Cell Imaging of Internalized Microplastics and Cytoplasmic Organelles with Multicolor CARS Microscopy.

As the bioaccumulation of microplastics (MPs) is considered as a potential health risk, many efforts have been made to understand the cellular dynamics and cytotoxicity of MPs. Here, we demonstrate that label-free multicolor coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy enables separate vibrational imaging of internalized MPs and lipid droplets (LDs) with indistinguishable shapes and sizes in live cells. By simultaneously obtaining polystyrene (PS)- and lipid-specific CARS images at two very different frequencies, 1000 and 2850 cm, respectively, we successfully identify the local distribution of ingested PS beads and native LDs in .

Quantification of liver extracellular volume using dual-energy CT for ruling out high-risk varices in cirrhosis.

Purpose: To determine the performance of quantification of liver extracellular volume fraction (fECV) using dual-energy CT (DECT) compared with CT imaging for ruling out high-riskesophageal varices(HRV) in cirrhotic patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 229 cirrhotic patients (training [n = 159] and internal validation cohorts [n = 70]) who underwent dual-source DECT, serum marker assessment, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) from 2017 to 2020. The fECV score was measured using iodine maps from 3-minute delayed, equilibrium-phase images at 100/140 Sn kVp.

Monitoring Radiation Doses during Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neurointerventional Procedures: Multicenter Study for Establishment of Reference Levels.

Purpose: To assess patient radiation doses during diagnostic and therapeutic neurointerventional procedures from multiple centers and propose dose reference level (RL).

Materials And Methods: Consecutive neurointerventional procedures, performed in 22 hospitals from December 2020 to June 2021, were retrospectively studied. We collected data from a sample of 429 diagnostic and 731 therapeutic procedures.

Time-Variable Chiroptical Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation Spectroscopy of Chiral Chemical Solution.

Vibrational sum-frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy, a surface-specific technique, was shown to be useful even for characterizing the vibrational optical activity of chiral molecules in isotropic bulk liquids. However, accurately determining the spectroscopic parameters is still challenging because of the spectral congestion of chiroptical VSFG peaks with different amplitudes and phases. Here, we show that a time-variable infrared-visible chiroptical three-wave-mixing technique can be used to determine the spectroscopic parameters of second-order vibrational response signals from chiral chemical liquids.

Percutaneous removal of common bile duct stones using a modified balloon technique.

To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous removal of common bile duct (CBD) stones using a modified balloon technique (balloon catheter sphincteroplasty and expulsion of the stones using half-captured balloons within the sheath) in patients difficult to treat with endoscopy.Fifty patients underwent a modified balloon technique (balloon group), and 53 patients underwent CBD stone removal by the basket method (stone basket group) between 2016 and 2019. We compared the balloon and stone basket groups to evaluate the effectiveness of the modified balloon technique.

Variant facial artery anatomy revisited: Conventional angiography performed in 284 cases.

A number of studies have evaluated the variable courses of facial artery. However, the results of these differed substantially from each other so not consistent relationships have yet been established. There has also yet to be a relevant study using conventional angiography.

A rare case of thyroglossal duct cyst extending to the sublingual space: A case report.

Rationale: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital anomaly of midline neck masses. A thyroglossal duct cyst is especially difficult to diagnose and is treated differently when it appears in the sublingual area. Here, we report a rare case of TGDC extending to the sublingual space.

An Efficient Switching-Off of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering via Double Stimulated Raman Scattering Processes of Heteromolecular Vibrational Modes.

Recently, we introduced a new switching-off technique applicable to subdiffraction-limited coherent Raman imaging, where a coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) signal can be selectively suppressed via competitive stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) processes between vibrational modes of a single molecular species. Here, we show that such a three-beam CARS suppression can be made via double SRS processes between vibrational modes of heteromolecular species, a mixture of paraffin oil and benzene. We achieve more than 80% suppression of the pump-Stokes-beam CARS signal for the ring-breathing mode (target mode) of benzene when the C-H stretching mode (acceptor mode) of paraffin oil is used to deplete the pump photons via the pump-depletion-beam SRS process.

Emergent carotid artery stenting in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to cervical internal carotid artery steno-occlusive lesion: Comparison of tandem intracranial occlusion and isolated cervical internal carotid artery occlusion.

Purpose: Acute ischemic strokes caused by steno-occlusive lesion of the cervical internal carotid artery are associated with poor clinical outcome. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of emergent carotid artery stenting for the management of these lesions. We compared the clinical outcomes regarding the intracranial lesion, namely tandem occlusions versus isolated cervical internal carotid artery occlusion.

Prolonged half-life of small-sized therapeutic protein using serum albumin-specific protein binder.

Many small-sized proteins and peptides, such as cytokines and hormones, are clinically used for the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, their short half-life in blood owing to fast renal clearance usually results in a low therapeutic efficacy and frequent dosing. Here we present the development of a human serum albumin (HSA)-specific protein binder with a binding affinity of 4.

Vibrational spectroscopy and imaging with non-resonant coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering: double stimulated Raman scattering scheme.

We introduce a new coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) suppression scheme based on measuring a non-resonant CARS loss signal by three-beam (pump-Stokes-depletion) double stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) processes, which can be potentially of use for super-resolution Raman microscopy. In the converging configuration with employing both pump-depletion and Stokes-depletion SRS processes, we obtained approximately 94% suppression of non-resonant CARS signal, which is about 1.5 times more efficient than that with the parallel configuration with pump-Stokes and pump-depletion SRS processes.

Correction to: T1 mapping for liver function evaluation in gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging: comparison of look-locker inversion recovery and B1 inhomogeneity-corrected variable flip angle method.

The original version of this article, published on 22 March 2019, unfortunately contained a mistake. The following correction has therefore been made in the original: Affiliations 1 and 2 were presented incorrectly.

Initial clinical experience of synthetic MRI as a routine neuroimaging protocol in daily practice: A single-center study.

Background And Purpose: We investigated the clinical feasibility of synthetic MRI with a 4-min single scan using a 48-channel head coil as a routine neuroimaging protocol in daily practice by assessing its diagnostic image quality.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the imaging data of 89 patients who underwent routine brain MRI using synthetic MRI acquisition between February 2017 and April 2017. Image quality assessments were performed by two independent readers on synthetic T1 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T2-weighted, T2 FLAIR, and phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequences acquired using multiple-dynamic multiple-echo imaging.

Adverse effect of smoking on cross-sectional area of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy smokers without COPD.

Introduction: Because it induces systemic inflammation, smoking is a risk factor of atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cross-sectional area (CSA) of small pulmonary vessels can be useful markers to assess early changes of arterial stiffness and pulmonary vascular alteration in smokers.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore association between the CSA of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy male smokers.

T1 mapping for liver function evaluation in gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging: comparison of look-locker inversion recovery and B inhomogeneity-corrected variable flip angle method.

Objectives: To compare look-locker inversion recovery (LLIR) and B inhomogeneity-corrected variable flip angle T1 mapping methods for estimation of liver function and prediction of hepatic insufficiency and decompensation on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 248 patients with normal liver function, chronic liver disease, or cirrhosis underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MR imaging, including T1 mapping at 10-min and 20-min hepatobiliary phase (HBP) by using both methods. T1 relaxation times of the liver (T1, T1) and the spleen (T1) were correlated between two methods.

Selective suppression of CARS signal with two competing stimulated Raman scattering processes.

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy and microscopy have been used in studying the structure and dynamics of a wide range of chemical and biological systems. However, the spatial resolution of CARS microscopy is still limited by the diffraction barrier, and hence a suitable scheme to selectively switch off the CARS imaging signal is essential for super-resolution CARS microscopy. Here, we present theoretical descriptions about three different ways to selectively suppress the pump-Stokes-pump two-beam CARS signal by employing three-beam double stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) schemes.

Clinical feasibility of 1-min ultrafast brain MRI compared with routine brain MRI using synthetic MRI: a single center pilot study.

Background: Ultrafast brain MRI is required for uncooperative patients and time-critical diseases such as stroke because it reduces scan times and motion artifacts. This study investigated the clinical feasibility of a 1-min ultrafast brain MRI protocol for detecting intracranial abnormalities in restless and uncooperative patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 25 patients who underwent a 1-min ultrafast MRI protocol using T1-weighted image, T2-weighted image, echo-planar fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted image, and T2*-weighted image between March 2017 and May 2017.

Efficient and stable radiolabeling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon assemblies: in vivo imaging of diesel exhaust particulates in mice.

As a robust radioanalytical method for tracking carbonaceous particulates in vivo, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from diesel exhaust were labeled with a radioactive-iodine-tagged pyrene analogue. Single-photon emission computed tomography and biodistribution studies showed high uptake and slow clearance of this matter in the respiratory system, which may underlie its severe toxicity.

Preoperative localization of the sensorimotor cortex and measurement of tumor perfusion in a single acquisition using ASL technique.

Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) using arterial spin labelling (ASL) technique was performed for the preoperative localization of the sensorimotor cortex in a patient with lymphoma and the results were compared to those of task-based (tb) and rs-fMRI studies using blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) sequence. Rs-fMRI using ASL showed similar results in the regions of the sensorimotor network to those of tb- and rs-fMRI fMRI using BOLD. ASL technique has a potential in clinical practice because all of brain perfusion imaging, cerebral blood flow measurement, and rs-fMRI study can be performed at a single acquisition.