Towards maximizing biomass and lipid productivity: high-throughput screening assay for prospecting heterotrophic growth for new microalgal isolates.

Background: Microalgae have emerged as sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels and high-value petrochemicals. Despite the commercial potential of microalgae, their low biomass productivity is a significant limiting factor for large-scale production. In the photoautotrophic cultivation of microalgae, achievable cell density levels depend on the light transmittance of the production system, which can significantly decrease the photosynthetic rate and biomass production.

Cultivation of Chlorella sp. HS2 using wastewater from soy sauce factory.

Incorporation of wastewater from industrial sectors into the design of microalgal biorefineries has significant potential for advancing the practical application of this emerging industry. This study tested various food industrial wastewaters to assess their suitability for microalgal cultivation. Among these wastewaters, defective soy sauce (DSS) and soy sauce wastewater (SWW) were chosen but DSS exhibited the highest nutrient content with 13,500 ppm total nitrogen and 3051 ppm total phosphorus.

Identification of Loliolide with Anti-Aging Properties from JD052.

Herein, different extracts of JD052, a green microalga, were evaluated in vitro as a potential anti-aging bioagent. Although post-treatment of microalgal culture with either UV irradiation or high light illumination did not lead to a substantial difference in the effectiveness of microalgal extracts as a potential anti-UV agent, the results indicated the presence of a highly potent compound in ethyl acetate extract with more than 20% increase in the cellular viability of normal human dermal fibroblasts (nHDFs) compared with the negative control amended with DMSO. The subsequent fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract led to two bioactive fractions with high anti-UV property; one of the fractions was further separated down to a single compound.

Electric field and viscous fluid polarity effects on capillary-driven flow dynamics between parallel plates.

-Micropumps have attracted considerable interest in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), microfluidic devices, and biomedical engineering to transfer fluids through capillaries. However, improving the sluggish capillary-driven flow of highly viscous fluids is critical for commercializing MEMS devices, particularly in underfill applications. This study investigated the behavior of different viscous fluid flows under the influence of capillary and electric potential effects.

High-Resolution, Transparent, and Flexible Printing of Polydimethylsiloxane via Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Conductive Electronic Device Applications.

In the field of soft electronics, high-resolution and transparent structures based on various flexible materials constructed via various printing techniques are gaining attention. With the support of electrical stress-induced conductive inks, the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet printing technique enables us to build high-resolution structures compared with conventional inkjet printing techniques. Here, EHD jet printing was used to fabricate a high-resolution, transparent, and flexible strain sensor using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/xylene elastomer, where repetitive and controllable high-resolution printed mesh structures were obtained.

Flapping and powering characteristics of a flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator at Reynolds number range simulating ocean current.

For effective ocean energy harvesting, it is necessary to understand the coupled motion of the piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) and ocean currents. Herein, we experimentally investigate power performance of the PENG in the perspective of the fluid-structure interaction considering ocean conditions with the Reynolds number (Re) values ranging from 1 to 141,489. A piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride micromesh was constructed via electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet printing technique to produce the β-phase dominantly that is desirable for powering performance.

In vitro and in vivo assessment of squeeze-cast Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloys for biomedical applications.

Squeeze casting of biodegradable Mg-4Zn-0.5Ca-xMn (x = 0, 0.4 or 0.

Experimental, Theoretical, and Numerical Investigation of the Electric Field and Surface Wettability Effects on the Penetration Length in Capillary Flow.

This study addressed the dynamics of capillary-driven flow for different surface wettabilities by concentrating on the influence of electric potential. The capillary flow dynamics were investigated by varying the wettability (plasma-treated, hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and superhydrophilic) of a capillary surface, and the applied electric potential to the liquid ranged from 0 to 500 V. When an electric potential was applied to the liquid, the fluid flow penetration length increased by 30-50% due to the electrohydrodynamic (EHD)-driven flow by the Maxwell (electric) pressure gradient effect.

Application of Thromboelastographic Markers to Predict the Survival in Acute Trauma Patients.

Background: The aim of the study is to investigate the coagulation status in trauma patients using thromboelastography and their association with survival and blood transfusion.

Methods: We included 452 trauma patients who visited the trauma center of Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital.

Development of a novel nannochloropsis strain with enhanced violaxanthin yield for large-scale production.

Background: Nannochloropsis is a marine microalga that has been extensively studied. The major carotenoid produced by this group of microalgae is violaxanthin, which exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-photoaging, and antiproliferative activities. Therefore, it has a wide range of potential applications.

High-Throughput In Vitro Screening of Changed Algal Community Structure Using the PhotoBiobox.

In a previous study, the sequential optimization and regulation of environmental parameters using the PhotoBiobox were demonstrated with high-throughput screening tests. In this study, we estimated changes in the biovolume-based composition of a polyculture built in vitro and composed of three algal strains: sp., sp.

Three new species of the genus Scott, 1892 (Crustacea, Copepoda, Calanoida, Stephidae) from Jeju Island, Korea.

During general field surveys carried out recently to collect benthopelagic copepods from near the substrate of the shallow waters off Jeju Island, Korea, a few specimens of three new species of Scott, 1892, were collected. The new species are placed in the genus because of the following combination of features: absence of seta on the basal exite of maxillule, and male right leg 5 ending in an unarmed claw-like and/or mitten-like segment. .

Functional expression of polyethylene terephthalate-degrading enzyme (PETase) in green microalgae.

Background: For decades, plastic has been a valuable global product due to its convenience and low price. For example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was one of the most popular materials for disposable bottles due to its beneficial properties, namely impact resistance, high clarity, and light weight. Increasing demand of plastic resulted in indiscriminate disposal by consumers, causing severe accumulation of plastic wastes.

Biocompatible liquid-type carbon nanodots (C-paints) as light delivery materials for cell growth and astaxanthin induction of Haematococcus pluvialis.

In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of the application of biocompatible liquid type fluorescent carbon nanodots (C-paints) to microalgae by improving microalgae productivity. C-paints were prepared by a simple process of ultrasound irradiation using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a passivation agent. The resulting C-paints exhibited a carbonyl-rich surface with good uniformity of particle size, excellent water solubility, photo-stability, fluorescence efficiency, and good biocompatibility (<10.

Author Correction: Application of biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis C9 for controlling cladoceran grazers in algal cultivation systems.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Two-stage cultivation strategy for the improvement of pigment productivity from high-density heterotrophic algal cultures.

Herein, a two-stage cultivation process was devised to overcome low pigment content of algal biomass grown in heterotrophy. Post-treatment conditions (i.e.

Redox-Active Tyrosine-Mediated Peptide Template for Large-Scale Single-Crystalline Two-Dimensional Silver Nanosheets.

Although self-assembly of various peptides has been widely applied, it is challenging to obtain single-crystalline and layer-by-layered nanostructures in a two-dimensional system. Here, we report a method for controlling the morphology and crystal growth at room temperature by a redox-active peptide template that can specifically co-assemble with metal ions. During the crystal growth, a silver ion-coordinated α-helical peptide (+3HN-YYACAYY-COO-) induces long-range atomic ordering at the air/water interface, which leads to multilayered single-crystalline silver nanosheets without an additional annealing process.

Monoterpenoid Loliolide Regulates Hair Follicle Inductivity of Human Dermal Papilla Cells by Activating the Akt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Loliolide is one of the most ubiquitous monoterpenoid compounds found in algae, and its potential therapeutic effect on various dermatological conditions via agent-induced biological functions, including anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties, was demonstrated. Here, we investigated the effects of loliolide on hair growth in dermal papilla (DP) cells, the main components regulating hair growth and loss conditions. For this purpose, we used a threedimensional (3D) DP spheroid model that mimics the in vivo hair follicle system.

Nitrogen modulation under chemostat cultivation mode induces biomass and lipid production by Chlorella vulgaris and reduces antenna pigment accumulation.

Algal growth limitation in large-scale cultivation mostly results from high level synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, owing to self-shading effects and attenuation of light distribution. To overcome this problem, here we investigated the influence of nitrogen modulation on changes in antenna pigments as well as biomass and lipid production by Chlorella vulgaris under a chemostat continuous cultivation mode. The production of algal antenna pigments, including chlorophylls and carotenoids, was promoted in a total nitrogen (TN) concentration-dependent manner.