Oral immunization against foot-and-mouth disease virus using recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the improved expression of the codon-optimized VP1 fusion protein.

VP1, a major immunogenic protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), facilitates viral attachment and entry into host cells. VP1 possesses critical epitope sequences responsible for inducing neutralizing antibodies but its expression using Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been hampered despite evidence that the presence of VP1 does not negatively impact the yeast's biology. In this study, we fused proteins to enhance VP1 expression using S.

Complete genome sequence of CACC879 and its functional probiotic properties.

CACC879 originated from swine feces in Korea, and its probiotic properties have been analyzed. The complete genome of strain CACC879 contained one chromosome 1,398,247 bp in length and three circular plasmids, namely, pCACC879-1 (591,981 bp), pCACC879-2 (14,542 base pairs [bp]), and pCACC879-3 (45,393 bp). The complete genome encodes a total of 2,077 genes, including 25 rRNA genes and 90 tRNA genes.

Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the biosynthesis of a fungal pigment from the phytopathogenic fungus Cladosporium phlei.

Background: Cladosporium phlei is a phytopathogenic fungus that produces a pigment called phleichrome. This fungal perylenequinone plays an important role in the production of a photosensitizer that is a necessary component of photodynamic therapy. We applied synthetic biology to produce phleichrome using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Expression of virus-like particles (VLPs) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

We engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae to express structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and produce virus-like particles (VLPs). The gene, which encodes four structural capsid proteins (VP0 (VP4 and VP2), VP3, and VP1), followed by a translational "ribosomal skipping" sequence consisting of 2A and protease 3C, was codon-optimized and chemically synthesized. The cloned gene was used to transform S.

Assessing the Probiotic Effects of CACC616 in Weaned Piglets.

During weaning, piglets experience various stressor events that disrupt their gut microbiota and immune balance, decrease growth parameters, and increase mortality rates. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of CACC616 as a probiotic supplement. We characterized this strain and evaluated its effect on improving growth performance, modulating gut microbiota composition, and reducing noxious odor components in weaned piglets compared to a non-supplementary diet (control).

Complete genome sequence of CACC 537 isolated from canine.

CACC 537 was isolated from canine feces and reported to have probiotic properties. We aimed to characterize the potential probiotic properties of this strain by functional genomic analysis. Complete genome sequencing of CACC 537 was performed using a PacBio RSII and Illumina platform, and contained one circular chromosome (2.

Complete genome sequence of functional probiotic candidate CACC736.

CACC736 was originated from swine feces in Korea. The complete genome sequences of the strain contained one circular chromosome (2,057,809 base pair [bp]) with 38.2% guanine-cytosine (GC) content and two circular plasmids, namely, pCACC736-1 and pCACC736-2.

Improving expression and assembly of difficult-to-express heterologous proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by culturing at a sub-physiological temperature.

Background: Escherichia coli heat labile toxin B subunit (LTB) is one of the most popular oral vaccine adjuvants and intestine adsorption enhancers. It is often expressed as a fusion partner with target antigens to enhance their immunogenicity as well as gut absorbability. However, high expression levels of a fusion protein are critical to the outcome of immunization experiments and the success of subsequent vaccine development efforts.

Hypoviral-regulated HSP90 co-chaperone p23 (CpCop23) determines the colony morphology, virulence, and viral response of chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica.

We previously identified a protein spot that showed down-regulation in the presence of Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) and tannic acid supplementation as a Hsp90 co-chaperone p23 gene (CpCop23). The CpCop23-null mutant strain showed retarded growth with less aerial mycelia and intense pigmentation. Conidia of the CpCop23-null mutant were significantly decreased and their viability was dramatically diminished.

TSA32-1 as a Promising Agent for Biocontrol of Plant Pathogenic Fungi.

The use of synthetic fungicides has caused major problems such as soil and water pollution and negatively affects non-target species. Microbial biocontrol agents are needed for crop disease management to reduce agrochemical use. and related genera produce secondary metabolites with agricultural applications, such as the pathogen-control agent We isolated TSA32-1 from soil and identified its characteristics by sequencing its 16S rRNA.

A fungal GPI-anchored protein gene functions as a virulence and antiviral factor.

We show that a gene (CpGap1) encoding a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein (GPI-AP) of the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica is differentially expressed by Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) infection. Functional analysis using a CpGap1-null mutant results in no observed changes in cultural morphology other than hypersensitivity to ROS. Analysis of the protein product of the CpGap1 gene (CpGAP1) confirmed motifs with antioxidizing properties.

Complete genome sequence of CACC834 isolated from canine.

CACC 834 was isolated from canine feces, and its potential probiotic properties were characterized by functional genome analysis. Whole-genome sequencing of CACC 834 was performed using the PacBio RSII platforms. The complete genome assembly consisted of one circular chromosome (3.

Interaction between hypoviral-regulated fungal virulence factor laccase3 and small heat shock protein Hsp24 from the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica.

Laccase3 is an important virulence factor of the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Laccase3 gene (lac3) transcription is induced by tannic acid, a group of phenolic compounds found in chestnut trees, and its induction is regulated by the hypovirus CHV1 infection. CpHsp24, a small heat shock protein gene of C.

Molecular characteristics of a novel hypovirus from Trichoderma harzianum.

We report a novel mycovirus with a positive-sense single-stranded (+)ss RNA genome, belonging to the family Hypoviridae, infecting Trichoderma harzianum strain M6. The complete genome sequence is 13,813 nucleotides long, excluding the poly(A) tail at the 3' end. Sequence analysis revealed that the genome has a single large open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 4,118-amino-acid polyprotein harboring five conserved motifs of a protease, two conserved domains of a protein of unknown function, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and a helicase.

Expression of an immunocomplex consisting of Fc fragment fused with a consensus dengue envelope domain III in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Objectives: To explore Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an expression platform for dengue oral immune complex vaccine development.

Results: Molecular engineering was applied to create a fusion gene construct (scEDIII-PIGS) consisting of a yeast codon optimized sequence encoding for a synthetic consensus dengue envelope domain III (scEDIII) followed by a modified IgG Fc domain (PIGS). Northern blot showed transcription of the target gene, with a temporal expression pattern similar to those from previous work.

Genome analysis of sp.CACC 737 isolated from feline for its potential application.

sp. CACC 737 was isolated from a feline, and its potential probiotic properties were characterized using functional genome analysis. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the PacBio RSII and Illumina HiSeq platforms.

Functional Analysis of an Essential GSP1/Ran Ortholog Gene, , from the Chestnut Blight Fungus Using a Heterokaryon.

Functional analysis of a GSP1/Ran ortholog, , from was conducted. Genotype analysis revealed that the putative -null mutant was a heterokaryotic transformant harboring two different types of nuclei, one with the wild-type allele and the other with the -null mutant allele. The mycelial growth and colony morphology of the heterokaryotic transformant was normal.

sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from roots.

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, endospore-forming, oxidase-positive, and catalase-negative strain designated as BRMEA1 was isolated from the surface-sterilized roots. Growth of strain BRMEA1 was found to occur at pH 6.0-8.

Distinct Roles of Two DNA Methyltransferases from Cryphonectria parasitica in Fungal Virulence, Responses to Hypovirus Infection, and Viral Clearance.

Two DNA methyltransferase (DNMTase) genes from have been previously identified as and , which are orthologous to and of , respectively. While global changes in DNA methylation have been associated with fungal sectorization and but not has been implicated in the sporadic sectorization, the present study continues to investigate the biological functions of both DNMTase genes. Transcription of both DNMTases is regulated in response to infection with the hypovirus 1 (CHV1-EP713).

Process optimization for mass production of 2,3-butanediol by Bacillus subtilis CS13.

Background: Bacillus subtilis CS13 was previously isolated for 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) co-production. When culturing this strain without L-glutamic acid in the medium, 2,3-BD is the main metabolic product. 2,3-BD is an important substance and fuel with applications in the chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries.

Co-infection of a novel fusagravirus and a partitivirus in a Korean isolate of Rosellinia necatrix KACC40168.

We report here the presence of dsRNA mycoviruses in a Korean isolate of Rosellinia necatrix. A multiple band pattern of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from R. necatrix suggested mixed mycovirus infection.

Characterization of a novel dsRNA mycovirus of Trichoderma atroviride NFCF377 reveals a member of "Fusagraviridae" with changes in antifungal activity of the host fungus.

Trichoderma atroviride is a common fungus found in various ecosystems that shows mycoparasitic ability on other fungi. A novel dsRNA virus was isolated from T. atroviride NFCF377 strain and its molecular features were analyzed.

Transcriptome Analysis of Infected With Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) Reveals Distinct Genes Related to Fungal Metabolites, Virulence, Antiviral RNA-Silencing, and Their Regulation.

Comprehensive transcriptome analysis was conducted to elucidate the molecular basis of the interaction between chestnut blight fungus, , and single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) mycovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1), using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). A total of 1,023 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were affected by CHV1 infection, of which 753 DEGs were upregulated and 270 DEGs were downregulated. Significant correlations in qRT-PCR analysis of 20 randomly selected DEGs and agreement with previously characterized marker genes validated our RNA-seq analysis as representing global transcriptional profiling of virus-free and -infected isogenic strains of .

Simultaneous production of poly-γ-glutamic acid and 2,3-butanediol by a newly isolated Bacillus subtilis CS13.

Bacillus subtilis naturally produces large amounts of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) as a main by-product during poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) production. 2,3-BD is a promising platform chemical in various industries, and co-production of the two chemicals has great economic benefits. Co-production of γ-PGA and 2,3-BD by a newly isolated B.