Changes in aqueous cytokines after intravitreal triamcinolone versus bevacizumab for macular oedema in branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in the aqueous levels of various cytokines after intravitreal triamcinolone or bevacizumab for branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods: Twenty-four eyes with macular oedema associated with BRVO and six eyes of six patients undergoing cataract surgery participated in this study. Each patient with BRVO randomly received an intravitreal injection of either 4 mg triamcinolone or 1.

Refractive errors and strabismus in Down's syndrome in Korea.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to examine the distribution of refractive errors and clinical characteristics of strabismus in Korean patients with Down's syndrome.

Methods: A total of 41 Korean patients with Down's syndrome were screened for strabismus and refractive errors in 2009.

Results: A total of 41 patients with an average age of 11.

Comparison of intraoperative complications of phacoemulsification between sequential and combined procedures of pars plana vitrectomy and cataract surgery.

Purpose: To compare intraoperative complications during phacoemulsification between sequential and combined procedures of vitrectomy and cataract surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 54 patients who underwent cataract surgery in a previously vitrectomized eye (sequential group) and 311 patients who underwent combined vitrectomy and cataract surgery (combined group). Primary outcome measures were intraoperative complications during phacoemulsification.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the orbit and the ethmoid sinus.

The orbit is an unusual site for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and concurrent metastases of RCC to the ethmoid sinus and the orbit occur very rarely. The treatment goal of orbital and paranasal metastatic RCC is total exenteration. We report a rare case of metastatic RCC to the orbit and the ethmoid sinus.

Changes in aqueous concentrations of various cytokines after intravitreal triamcinolone versus bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in aqueous inflammatory and angiogenic cytokine levels after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone or bevacizumab for reducing foveal thickness in diabetic macular edema (DME).

Design: Prospective, interventional case series.

Methods: Twenty-two eyes of 11 patients with bilateral DME and 6 eyes of 6 patients undergoing cataract surgery participated in this study.

Comparison of the outcomes of blowout fracture repair according to the orbital implant.

Purpose: The clinical outcomes of blowout fracture repair classified by 2 types of orbital implants (Macropore and Medpor) were compared.

Procedures: The medical records of 331 patients with orbital fractures that were treated surgically by 1 surgeon at Gachon University Gil hospital, from March 2007 to March 2009, were reviewed. Patients who had diplopia or limited extraocular motion, significant enophthalmos (>2 mm), or a large fracture on a computed tomographic scan (>50% of the floor area) were enrolled.