The effect of pain on gait in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Multi-site pain is common in people aged 60 years and over and is associated with a high risk of falls. To prevent and treat pain-related disabilities, it is crucial to identify the mechanisms underlying these associations. There is some evidence that pain leads to changes in walking, such as slower gait speed and shorter walking distance, which impair mobility and may increase the risk of falls.

Clinical use of Gafchromic EBT4 film for in vivo dosimetry for total body irradiation.

Purpose: In vivo dosimetry is a common requirement to validate dose accuracy/uniformity in total body irradiation (TBI). Several detectors can be used for in vivo dosimetry, including thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), diodes, ion chambers, optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLDs), and film. TLDs are well established for use in vivo but required expertise and clinical system availability may make them impractical for multifractionated TBI.

Appeal and Sensory Characteristics of Oral Nicotine Products in Young Adults Who Vape E-Cigarettes.

Introduction: This study applied a novel tobacco regulatory science paradigm to characterize inter-product variation in the appeal and sensory features of emerging commercial and therapeutic oral nicotine products (ONPs) among young adults that vape e-cigarettes.

Methods: Twenty-three young adults without ONP experience who use e-cigarettes completed a single-blind, single-visit remote lab study. Participants rated appeal and sensory characteristics during 5-minute standardized self-administrations of 8 ONPs (4 fruit, 4 mint) from various brands (Lucy, Rouge, Solace, Nicorette, On!, Velo).

Effect of packaging with versus without candy-oriented marketing themes on the appeal and sensory attributes of flavoured e-cigarettes.

Significance: E-cigarettes with candy-themed marketing are implicated in decisions to first try e-cigarettes but have unknown effects on the experience of vaping. We compared adults' perceived appeal and sensory attributes after self-administering flavoured e-cigarettes in experimentally manipulated packaging with candy-themed versus standard marketing. We also assessed effect modification by salt vs free-base nicotine formulation.

Activated somatostatin interneurons orchestrate memory microcircuits.

Despite recent advancements in identifying engram cells, our understanding of their regulatory and functional mechanisms remains in its infancy. To provide mechanistic insight into engram cell functioning, we introduced a novel local microcircuit labeling technique that enables the labeling of intraregional synaptic connections. Utilizing this approach, we discovered a unique population of somatostatin (SOM) interneurons in the mouse basolateral amygdala (BLA).

Effects of 'Ice' flavoured e-cigarettes with synthetic cooling agent WS-23 or menthol on user-reported appeal and sensory attributes.

Background: This clinical experiment tested the effects of exposure to e-cigarettes with WS-23 or menthol cooling additives on user appeal and sensory attributes, and, secondarily, whether WS-23 effects generalised across base characterising flavour, nicotine concentration, or nicotine/tobacco product use status.

Methods: In this within-participant double-blind experiment, adult tobacco/nicotine users administered standardised puffs of 18 different e-cigarette solutions in randomised sequences using a pod-style device. Each of three base characterising e-cigarette flavour solutions ('bold tobacco', 'mango,' 'wintergreen') in both 2% and 4% concentrations of nicotine benzoate salt were manipulated by adding either: (1) Menthol (0.

Dosimetric response of Gafchromic EBT-XD film to therapeutic protons.

EBT-XD model of Gafchromic films has a broader optimal dynamic dose range, up to 40 Gy, compared to its predecessor models. This characteristic has made EBT-XD films suitable for high-dose applications such as stereotactic body radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery, as well as ultra-high dose rate FLASH radiotherapy. The purpose of the current study was to characterize the dependence of EBT-XD film response on linear energy transfer (LET) and dose rate of therapeutic protons from a synchrotron.

mRNA vaccine quality analysis using RNA sequencing.

The success of mRNA vaccines has been realised, in part, by advances in manufacturing that enabled billions of doses to be produced at sufficient quality and safety. However, mRNA vaccines must be rigorously analysed to measure their integrity and detect contaminants that reduce their effectiveness and induce side-effects. Currently, mRNA vaccines and therapies are analysed using a range of time-consuming and costly methods.

Arteria Praebronchialis (AP) Found on MDCT: An Updated Incidence and Branching Patterns.

Preoperative detection of the arteria praebronchialis (AP), a rare variant mediastinal branch of the left pulmonary artery, can be crucial to a successful left-lung surgery; if the AP is overlooked and ligated during surgery, the blood supply to the remaining lobe may be compromised. The purpose of this study was to update the incidence and branching patterns of the AP. From 18 April 2012 to 31 December 2022, contrast-enhanced CT was screened by one radiologist for the presence of AP.

Ubiquitination of the GluA1 Subunit of AMPA Receptors Is Required for Synaptic Plasticity, Memory, and Cognitive Flexibility.

Activity-dependent changes in the number of AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) at the synapse underpin the expression of LTP and LTD, cellular correlates of learning and memory. Post-translational ubiquitination has emerged as a key regulator of the trafficking and surface expression of AMPARs, with ubiquitination of the GluA1 subunit at Lys-868 controlling the post-endocytic sorting of the receptors into the late endosome for degradation, thereby regulating their stability at synapses. However, the physiological significance of GluA1 ubiquitination remains unknown.

Migratory Pneumonia in Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients Treated With B-cell Depletion Therapies for B-cell Lymphoma.

Objective: To report the clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with underlying B-cell lymphoma and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) showing migratory airspace opacities on serial chest computed tomography (CT) with persistent COVID-19 symptoms.

Materials And Methods: From January 2020 to June 2022, of the 56 patients with underlying hematologic malignancy who had undergone chest CT more than once at our hospital after acquiring COVID-19, seven adult patients (5 female; age range, 37-71 years; median age, 45 years) who showed migratory airspace opacities on chest CT were selected for the analysis of clinical and CT features.

Results: All patients had been diagnosed with B-cell lymphoma (three diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and four follicular lymphoma) and had received B-cell depleting chemotherapy, including rituximab, within three months prior to COVID-19 diagnosis.

Frequency of errors in the transfer of treatment parameters from the treatment planning system to the oncology information system in a multi-vendor environment.

Background: Technological advancements have made it possible to improve patient outcomes in radiotherapy, sparing both normal tissues and increasing tumour control. However, these advancements have resulted in an increase in the number of software systems used, which each require data inputs to function. For institutions with multiple vendors for their treatment planning systems and oncology information systems, the transfer of data between them is potentially error prone and can lead to treatment errors.

Abolished ketamine effects on the spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current of medial prefrontal cortex neurons in GluN2D knockout mice.

Ketamine, a non-competitive antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), generates a rapidly-acting antidepressant effect. It exerts psychomimetic effects, yet demands a further investigation of its mechanism. Previous research showed that ketamine did no longer promote hyperlocomotion in GluN2D knockout (KO) mice, which is a subunit of NMDAR.

The essence of the engram: Cellular or synaptic?

Memory is composed of various phases including cellular consolidation, systems consolidation, reconsolidation, and extinction. In the last few years it has been shown that simple association memories can be encoded by a subset of the neuronal population called engram cells. Activity of these cells is necessary and sufficient for the recall of association memory.

Optomechanical engineering of quasi-continuous-wave background in mode-locked fiber laser.

Noise-like quasi-continuous-wave background (qCWB) in a mode-locked fiber laser mediates various multi-pulse dynamics via long-range inter-pulse interactions. This raises a possibility to control multi-pulse phenomena through manipulation of the qCWB, while it has been rarely studied yet. Here, we investigate the qCWB engineering by imposing optomechanically induced impulsive intensity modulations on the qCWB.

induction of mitotic catastrophe as a therapeutic approach for oral cancer using the ethanolic extract of .

Mitotic catastrophe, a cell death mechanism characterized by abnormal mitosis, has been regarded as a therapeutic approach for the development of anti‑cancer drug candidates. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential effect of the ethanolic extract of  (EEJS) on the occurrence of mitotic catastrophe in human oral cancer cell lines. The effect of EEJS on the occurrence of mitotic catastrophe was evaluated by measuring cytotoxicity, observing phase‑contrast or transmission electron microscope findings, evaluating the appearance of microtubule or chromosome abnormalities, and detecting the phosphorylation of histone H3 (Ser).

The effectiveness and safety of local pleural anesthesia for pain control in patients undergoing CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pleural anesthesia for CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy (TNB).

Methods: This retrospective study was performed between March 2019 and August 2019 in a tertiary care hospital. Patients undergoing CT-guided TNB received either (a) pleural and skin anesthesia (pleural anesthesia group) or (b) skin anesthesia only (skin anesthesia group).

Clinical Significance of Lung-RADS Category 3 Lesions in the National Lung Screening Trial.

Introduction: To determine the clinical significance of category 3 (CAT3) abnormalities and the necessity of a 6-month follow-up computed tomography (CT). We also explored features associated with increased lung cancer risk.

Methods: From the National Lung Screening Trial database, we identified participants with CAT3 lesions at prevalence screen.

Huge Hepatic Angiomyolipoma Mimicking Low Grade Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

A 41-year-old man was diagnosed with a huge symptomatic liver mass and was referred to our hospital for liver biopsy and further evaluation. He presented with right upper quadrant tenderness. Enhanced abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 12.

Variation in training requirements within general surgery: comparison of 23 countries.

Background: Many differences exist in postgraduate surgical training programmes worldwide. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the training requirements in general surgery across 23 different countries.

Methods: A collaborator affiliated with each country collected data from the country's official training body website, where possible.

Alleviation of DSS-induced colitis via Lactobacillus acidophilus treatment in mice.

Gut microbiota play a major role in host physiology and immunity. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), the important immune-related diseases, can occur through immune system malfunction originating due to dysregulation of the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate the capabilities and mechanisms of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.

Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung: Serial CT findings, clinical features, and treatment and survival outcomes.

Background: Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung is a rare and distinct subtype of adenocarcinoma that can appear as airspace opacities on computed tomography (CT). In daily practice, we have occasionally encountered spontaneous regression of airspace opacities (SRAs) without treatment on serial CTs in patients with IMAs, which has not previously been described in the literature. Here, we describe serial CT findings with emphasis on SRAs in relation to clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes in patients with IMAs.