Physical and cognitive impact following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large population-based case-control study.

Background: Persistent symptoms are common after SARS-CoV-2 infection but correlation with objective measures is unclear.

Methods: We invited all 3098 adults who tested SARS-CoV-2 positive in Iceland before October 2020 to the deCODE Health Study. We compared multiple symptoms and physical measures between 1706 Icelanders with confirmed prior infection (cases) who participated, and 619 contemporary and 13,779 historical controls.

Development of a prognostic model of COVID-19 severity: a population-based cohort study in Iceland.

Background: The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection varies from asymptomatic state to severe respiratory failure and the clinical course is difficult to predict. The aim of the study was to develop a prognostic model to predict the severity of COVID-19 in unvaccinated adults at the time of diagnosis.

Methods: All SARS-CoV-2-positive adults in Iceland were prospectively enrolled into a telehealth service at diagnosis.

HLA alleles, disease severity, and age associate with T-cell responses following infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Memory T-cell responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection have been extensively investigated but many studies have been small with a limited range of disease severity. Here we analyze SARS-CoV-2 reactive T-cell responses in 768 convalescent SARS-CoV-2-infected (cases) and 500 uninfected (controls) Icelanders. The T-cell responses are stable three to eight months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, irrespective of disease severity and even those with the mildest symptoms induce broad and persistent T-cell responses.

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and COVID-19: a population-based cohort study.

Multiple myeloma (MM) patients have increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) when infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), the precursor of MM has been associated with immune dysfunction which may lead to severe COVID-19. No systematic data have been published on COVID-19 in individuals with MGUS.

Mild Stage 1 post-operative acute kidney injury: association with chronic kidney disease and long-term survival.

Background: Mild cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) are identified by a small rise in serum creatinine (SCr) according to the KDIGO AKI definition. The aim of this study was to examine the long-term outcomes of individuals with mild AKI.Methods.

Clinical spectrum of coronavirus disease 2019 in Iceland: population based cohort study.

Objective: To characterise the symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19).

Design: Population based cohort study.

Setting: Iceland.

Acute Kidney Injury After Acute Repair of Type A Aortic Dissection.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) using the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection registry.

Methods: Patients who underwent ATAAD surgery at 8 Nordic centers from 2005 to 2014 were analyzed for AKI according to the RIFLE criteria. Patients who died intraoperatively, those who had missing baseline or postoperative serum creatinine, and patients on preoperative renal replacement therapy were excluded.

Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Iceland.

Background: Little is known about the nature and durability of the humoral immune response to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: We measured antibodies in serum samples from 30,576 persons in Iceland, using six assays (including two pan-immunoglobulin [pan-Ig] assays), and we determined that the appropriate measure of seropositivity was a positive result with both pan-Ig assays. We tested 2102 samples collected from 1237 persons up to 4 months after diagnosis by a quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (qPCR) assay.

Long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with diabetes.

Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the outcome of patients with diabetes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery in a whole population with main focus on long-term mortality and complications.

Methods: This was a nationwide retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent isolated primary CABG in Iceland between 2001 and 2016. Overall survival together with the composite end point of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events was compared between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes during a median follow-up of 8.

Immediate and long-term need for permanent cardiac pacing following aortic valve replacement.

Atrioventricular (AV) node conduction disturbances are common following surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), and in some cases the patient needs a permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation before discharge from hospital. Little is known about the long-term need for PPM and the PPM dependency of these individuals. We determined the incidence of PPM implantation before and after discharge in SAVR patients.

Improved long-term outcome of surgical AVR for AS: Results from a population-based cohort.

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine changes in outcomes after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for aortic stenosis (AS) in Iceland over a 15-year period.

Methods: We included 587 patients who underwent SAVR for AS in Iceland during the period 2002-2016, with a total follow-up of 3245 patient-years. Short-term and long-term outcomes, 30-day mortality, and long-term survival (Kaplan-Meier) were analyzed.

[No significant association between obesity and long-term outcome of coronary artery bypass grafting].

Objectives:  Our objective was to investigate long-term outcomes of obese patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in Iceland.

Materials And Methods:  A retrospective analysis on 1698 patients that underwent isolated CABG in Iceland between 2001-2013. Patients were divided into four groups according to body mass index (BMI); Normal=18.

Association Between Preoperative Opioid and Benzodiazepine Prescription Patterns and Mortality After Noncardiac Surgery.

Importance: The number of patients prescribed long-term opioids and benzodiazepines and complications from their long-term use have increased. Information regarding the perioperative outcomes of patients prescribed these medications before surgery is limited.

Objective: To determine whether patients prescribed opioids and/or benzodiazepines within 6 months preoperatively would have greater short- and long-term mortality and increased opioid consumption postoperatively.

[Early outcome of surgical aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis in Icelandic females].

Introduction: Aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis (AS) is the second most common open-heart procedure performed in Iceland. The aim of this study was to analyze the early outcome of AVR among females in Iceland.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study including 428 patients who underwent surgical AVR due to AS in Iceland from 2002-2013.

Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury: Focus on Renal Recovery Definitions, Kidney Disease Progression and Survival.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine different definitions of renal recovery following postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and how these definitions associate with survival and the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients who underwent abdominal, cardiothoracic, vascular, or orthopedic surgery at a single university hospital between 1998 and 2015. Recovery of renal function following postoperative AKI was assessed comparing 4 different definitions: serum creatinine (SCr) (i) < 1.

Acute kidney injury following coronary angiography: a nationwide study of incidence, risk factors and long-term outcomes.

Background: We studied the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) following coronary angiography (CA) and examined short- and long-term outcomes of patients who developed AKI, including progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients undergoing CA in Iceland from 2008 to 2015, with or without percutaneous coronary intervention. All procedures were performed with iso-osmolar contrast.

Favourable long-term outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting in a nationwide cohort.

Objectives: In a nationwide cohort, we analyzed long-term outcome following coronary artery bypass grafting, using the combined strategy of left internal mammary artery to the left anterior descending artery and saphenous vein as secondary graft to other coronary targets.

Methods: 1,507 consecutive patients that underwent myocardial revascularization during 2001-2012 in Iceland. Mean follow-up was 6.

Favorable Survival after Aortic Valve Replacement Compared to the General Population.

Background: A comparison was made between the long-term survival of patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis and of the general Icelandic population, using centralized registries.

Methods: A total of 366 AVR patients (231 males, 135 females; mean age 70.1 years) operated on for aortic stenosis in Iceland between 2002 and 2011 was included in the study.

Acute Kidney Injury After Abdominal Surgery: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication after major surgical procedures. We examined the incidence, risk factors, and mortality of patients who sustained AKI after abdominal surgery in a large population-based cohort.

Methods: All patients who underwent open and laparoscopic abdominal surgery (excluding genitourinary and abdominal vascular procedures), between 2007 and 2014 at the University Hospital in Reykjavik were identified and their perioperative serum creatinine (SCr) measurements used to identify AKI after surgery employing the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) criteria.

Acute kidney injury and outcome following aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis.

Objectives: Most studies on acute kidney injury (AKI) following open-heart surgery have focused on short-term outcome following coronary artery bypass grafting. We reviewed the incidence, risk factors and outcome, including long-term survival, of AKI after aortic valve replacement (AVR) in a population-based cohort.

Methods: A retrospective review of 365 patients who underwent AVR for aortic stenosis during 2002-2011 was made.

[Outcome of myocardial revascularisation in patients fifty years old and younger].

Introduction: Most patients that undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are around 70 years of age when operated on. We investigated the outcome of CABG in patients 50 years and younger, focusing on early complications, operative mortality and long-term survival.

Material And Method: A retrospective study on 1626 patients that underwent CABG in Iceland 2001-2012.

[Early outcome in diabetic patients following coronary artery bypass grafting].

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most important risk factors for coronary artery disease. Diabetics often have severe three vessel disease and coronary bypass surgery is in most cases the preferred treatment of choice in these patients. We investigated early surgical complications and outcomes in diabetic patients following isolated CABG in Iceland and compared them to those of non-diabetic patients.