A Patient of Secondary Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Head Following Trauma and Review of the Literature.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is a malignancy originating from soft tissues and ranks among the most prevalent soft tissue sarcomas in adults. The considerable complexity and heterogeneity of MFH contribute to an obscure pathogenesis, presenting with atypical clinical manifestations and pathologic features that complicate the clinical diagnostic process. Typically, MFH manifests in the extremities, trunk, and retroperitoneum, while occurrences in the head and neck regions are exceedingly rare.

The Circadian Clock Gene Bmal1 Regulates Microglial Pyroptosis After Spinal Cord Injury via NF-κB/MMP9.

Background: The treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) is usually ineffective, because neuroinflammatory secondary injury is an important cause of the continuous development of spinal cord injury, and microglial pyroptosis is an important step of neuroinflammation. Recently, Bmal1, a core component of circadian clock genes (CCGs), has been shown to play a regulatory role in various tissues and cells. However, it is still unclear whether Bmal1 regulates microglial pyroptosis after SCI.

HIF-1α-induced expression of the m6A reader YTHDF1 inhibits the ferroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells by promoting SLC7A11 translation.

The nucleus pulposus is in a hypoxic environment in the human body, and when intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) occurs, the hypoxic environment is disrupted. Nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) ferroptosis is one of the causes of IVDD. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and its reader protein YTHDF1 regulate cellular activities by affecting RNA metabolism.

Evaluation of the modified MRI vertebral bone quality score for bone quality in lumbar degenerative disorders.

Objective: The traditional VBQ scoring method may lead to overestimation due to the concentration of intravertebral fat and vascular structures in the posterior half of vertebral bodies, potentially resulting in false-positive outcomes. This study aims to modify the measurement method of VBQ score (Modified-VBQ) and evaluate its effectiveness in evaluating bone quality of lumbar degenerative diseases.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from patients undergoing lumbar surgery for degenerative diseases between September 2022 and September 2023.

Baicalin Antagonizes Prostate Cancer Stemness via Inhibiting Notch1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of baicalin on prostate cancer (PCa) progression both in vivo and in vitro.

Methods: The in situ PCa stem cells (PCSCs)-injected xenograft tumor models were established in BALB/c nude mice. Tumor volume and weight were respectively checked after baicalin (100 mg/kg) treatment.

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase regulates ferroptosis in neurons after spinal cord injury via the P53-ALOX15 signaling pathway.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly disabling condition in spinal surgery that leads to neuronal damage and secondary inflammation. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic type of cell death that has only recently been identified, which is marked primarily by iron-dependent and lipid-derived reactive oxygen species accumulation, and accompanied by morphological modifications such as mitochondrial atrophy and increase in membrane density. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a powerful inhibitor of ferroptosis and has been demonstrated to inhibit cellular ferroptosis in tumor cells, but whether it can inhibit neuronal injury following spinal cord injury remains ambiguous.

Low lumbar multifidus muscle status and bone mineral density are important risk factors for adjacent segment disease after lumbar fusion: a case-control study.

Background: The quantity and quality of the paraspinal muscles are important factors that lead to spinal diseases. However, the role of paraspinal muscles in the pathogenesis of adjacent segment disease (ASD) after lumbar fusion surgery is rarely studied. The purpose of the research is to investigate the relationship between paraspinal muscles and ASD.

Biomechanical effects of interbody cage height on adjacent segments in patients with lumbar degeneration: a 3D finite element study.

Objective: To investigate the biomechanical effects of interbody cage height on adjacent segments in patients with lumbar degeneration undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery, so as to provide references for selection of interbody cage.

Methods: The finite element model of normal lower lumbar spine (L3-S1) was built and validated, then constructed three different degenerative segments in L3-L4, and the cages with different height (8, 10, 12, 14 mm) were implanted into L4-L5 disc. All the twelve models were loaded with pure moment of 7.

The Role of TAK1 in RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis.

Bone remodelling is generally a dynamic process orchestrated by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. Osteoclasts are the only cell type capable of bone resorption to maintain bone homeostasis in the human body. However, excessive osteoclastogenesis can lead to osteolytic diseases.

A study of screw placement to obtain the optimal pull-out resistance of lumbar pedicle screws-analysis of Hounsfield units measurements based on computed tomography.

Objective: The screw path of lumbar pedicle screws in the vertebral body has certain variability. It is not clear whether the screw paths in different directions can obtain the same pull-out resistance. This study intends to use CT (Computed Tomography) to measure the Hounsfield unit (HU value) around the screw paths in different parts of the lumbar vertebral body to obtain the bone mineral density value of the corresponding parts which will provide some reference for the direction of lumbar pedicle screw placement.

Iron-Chelating Agent Can Maintain Bone Homeostasis Disrupted by Iron Overload by Upregulating Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling.

Background: The incidence of osteoporotic fractures is increasing. In this study, we explored the activities of Wnt/-catenin signaling in bone tissues with iron accumulation.

Methods: We established rat bipedal walking models (RBWM), and a portion of our RBWM rats were intraperitoneally injected with ferric ammonium citrate, normal saline, and deferoxamine.

An analysis of clinical risk factors for adolescent scoliosis caused by spinal cord abnormalities in China: proposal for a selective whole-spine MRI examination scheme.

Background: Approximately 80% of adolescent scoliosis cases are idiopathic, and some non-idiopathic scoliosis cases caused by spinal cord abnormalities are misdiagnosed as idiopathic scoliosis. This study examined the risk factors for non-idiopathic scoliosis with intramedullary abnormalities, explored the feasibility of whole-spine MRI, and provided a theoretical basis for the routine diagnosis and treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Method: The clinical data of adolescent scoliosis patients who were admitted to Shanghai Tongren Hospital and Shanghai Changhai Hospital between July 1, 2013, and December 31, 2018, were reviewed.

Robust Drivable Road Region Detection for Fixed-Route Autonomous Vehicles Using Map-Fusion Images.

Environment perception is one of the major issues in autonomous driving systems. In particular, effective and robust drivable road region detection still remains a challenge to be addressed for autonomous vehicles in multi-lane roads, intersections and unstructured road environments. In this paper, a computer vision and neural networks-based drivable road region detection approach is proposed for fixed-route autonomous vehicles (e.

Sampling-based real-time motion planning under state uncertainty for autonomous micro-aerial vehicles in GPS-denied environments.

This paper presents a real-time motion planning approach for autonomous vehicles with complex dynamics and state uncertainty. The approach is motivated by the motion planning problem for autonomous vehicles navigating in GPS-denied dynamic environments, which involves non-linear and/or non-holonomic vehicle dynamics, incomplete state estimates, and constraints imposed by uncertain and cluttered environments. To address the above motion planning problem, we propose an extension of the closed-loop rapid belief trees, the closed-loop random belief trees (CL-RBT), which incorporates predictions of the position estimation uncertainty, using a factored form of the covariance provided by the Kalman filter-based estimator.

Downregulation of Notch1 inhibits the invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and MHCC97H cells through the regulation of PTEN and FAK.

Tumor invasion and metastasis are the main causes of mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, the effective inhibition of these tumorigenic processes is critical in order for HCC therapy to be effective. Previous studies have demonstrated that Notch1 is associated with metastasis in several human malignancies.