Chilblains observed during the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be distinguished from classic, cold-related chilblains.

Background: Type 1 interferon (IFN-I) response induced by SARS-CoV-2 has been hypothesized to explain the association between chilblain lesions (CL) and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: To explore direct cytopathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in CL and to focus on IFN-I expression in patients with chilblains.

Materials & Methods: A monocentric cohort of 43 patients presenting with CL from April 2020 to May 2021 were included.

Evaluation of Chilblains as a Manifestation of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several cases of chilblains have been reported.

Objective: To determine if chilblains are associated with COVID-19.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This monocentric case series was conducted at the Department of Dermatology at Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, a tertiary care hospital in Brussels, Belgium, between April 10 and April 17, 2020.

Linear IgA dermatosis in association with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma infiltrating the skin: A case report with literature review.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is an aggressive form of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, characterized by systemic symptoms, diffuse lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and immunodysregulation. Half of AITL is associated with cutaneous symptoms, but only few cases with bullous eruption have been described. Association with a linear IgA dermatosis is extremely rare.

Primary cutaneous CD8+ and CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders: case reports and clinical implications.

Background: CD8+ CD30+ primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (PCTCL) are rare entities with overlapping pathological features and variable outcome.

Objectives: We sought to highlight the importance of correlation between pathological findings and clinical presentation for correct classification of the disease.

Materials & Methods: Two cases of CD8+ CD30+ PCTCL were investigated.

Buccal paraneoplastic pemphigus multi-resistant: Case report and review of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus is a rare autoimmune blistering disease generally associated with malignancy. The clinical presentation consists typically of painful and diffuse erosive stomatitis that may be accompanied by polymorphic skin lesions and systemic involvement. Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations and confirmed by histology and immunological testing.

CD30+ Cutaneous Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma of the Upper Eyelid: A Case Report.

CD30+ cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma is part of the CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. This type of lymphoma is in most cases indolent, with a high survival rate. We report the case of a 59-year-old patient with a 1-month lasting crusty lesion of the upper eyelid.

Characterization of the T cell response in allergic contact dermatitis caused by corticosteroids.

Background: Delayed allergic hypersensitivity reactions have classically been described as type IV reactions, which are caused by T cells; however, the respective roles of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells are yet to be defined. A central role for CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells as effector cells has been suggested.

Objectives: To determine the type of T cell involved in corticosteroid allergy.

[Paget's extramammary disease of the axillae and perineum].

Introduction: Paget's extramammary disease mostly affects genital, perianal and axillary regions. Whilst triple involvement has been described in Japanese patients, simultaneous lesions of both axillary regions and the inguinal area are exceptional among European patients. We report a case of triple Paget's extramammary disease in a Caucasian patient.

Rural hospitals obtain services in 'cooperative'.

Through cooperative arrangement, 13 rural hospitals secure services and resources from the University of Minnesota while retaining their institutional autonomy.

Cooperation is key to future needs.

Can the hospital industry reconcile manufacturers' entrepreneurial prerogatives with public desire to have safe, tested, cost-effective technologies?

Autonomy in practice.

When the nurse practitioner (NP) role was first described in the early 1960s it was clear that important dimensions had been added to the role of the nurse. One of these dimensions was the increased professional autonomy. As the NP role continued to evolve, autonomy became a characterizing feature of the role.

Overcoming barriers to the employment and utilization of the nurse practitioner.

A national longitudinal cohort study of nurse practitioners and their employers conducted during 1973--1976 provided data on barriers to the development of the nurse practitioner role in primary care. Nearly 90 per cent of the 500 primary care nurse practitioners responding and 75 per cent of the 407 employers responding reported encountering one or more barriers to the role development of the nurse practitioner in their practice setting. Nurse practitioners identified an average of 2.

The rural nurse practitioner: a challenge and a response.

From a cohort of 525 employed nurse practitioners (NPs) who graduated between May 1975 and June 1976, 85 (16 per cent) reported practicing in rural areas. While 91 per cent of the rural NPs chose the short-term certificate programs rather than the master's degree for their NP preparation, 47 per cent had already earned a baccalaureate or master's degree prior to NP training. Family NPs comprised the most frequent specialty area chosen, followed by pediatric and adult specialties.