Periodontitis Risk Factors in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: A pilot study.

Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) present with multiple condition-specific risk factors for periodontitis including CF-related diabetes, chronic inhaled treatments that induce xerostomia, and increased systemic inflammation because of frequent lung infections. General factors like age, oral hygiene, and diet may also contribute to the risk of periodontitis. However the relative importance of these specific risk factors and periodontitis in individuals with CF has not yet been evaluated.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Use of Alternative Markers To Assess Glycemia in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective: In chronic kidney disease, glycated albumin and fructosamine have been postulated to be better biomarkers of glycemic control than HbA. We evaluated the accuracy, variability, and covariate bias of three biomarkers (HbA, glycated albumin, and fructosamine) compared with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived measurement of glycemia across estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted of 104 participants with type 2 diabetes, 80 with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.

Glucose time in range and peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease.

​OBJECTIVE: Compared with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may better capture risk of diabetes complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). We hypothesized that glucose time in range (TIR), measured by CGM, is associated with DPN symptoms among participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and moderate-to-severe CKD. ​RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We enrolled 105 people with type 2 DM treated with insulin or sulfonylurea, 81 participants with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.

POSSIBLE ROLE OF NUTRITION IN PREVENTION OF SARCOPENIA AND FALLS.

In this review, we analyze the foundation of sarcopenia as a potentially modifiable risk factor for falls, and we try to formulate practical strategies for nutritional interventions aimed at reducing the risk for sarcopenia and falls in our elderly patients. An extensive literature search was performed using the PubMed and the Google Scholar databases. Falls are a common and costly source of injury and death in elderly adults.

A PROMIS Measure of Neuropathic Pain Quality.

Objectives: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a consequence of many chronic conditions. This study aimed to develop an unidimensional NP scale with scores that represent levels of NP and distinguish between individuals with NP and non-NP conditions.

Methods: A candidate item pool of 42 pain quality descriptors was administered to participants with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, and cancer chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Protocol for Standardized Production of Clinical Practice Guidelines, Algorithms, and Checklists--2014 Update and the AACe G4G Program.

In 2010, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) published an update to the original 2004 guidelines. This update hybridized strict evidence-based medicine methods with subjective factors and improved the efficiency of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) production, clinical applicability, and usefulness. Current and persistent shortcomings involving suboptimal implementation and protracted development timelines are addressed in the current 2014 update.

Advanced meter features improve postprandial and paired self-monitoring of blood glucose in individuals with diabetes: results of the Actions with the CONTOUR Blood Glucose Meter and Behaviors in Frequent Testers (ACT) study.

Background: This study evaluated whether education and use of the advanced meter features of the CONTOUR(®) (Bayer HealthCare LLC, Diabetes Care, Tarrytown, NY) blood glucose monitoring system (BGMS) affect the frequency and pattern of blood glucose testing in insulin-using subjects with diabetes who routinely perform self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).

Subjects And Methods: Insulin-using subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this 6-month, multicenter, prospective study and randomized to one of two groups. The basic meter features group (BMF group) received basic instruction in the use of the BGMS, whereas the advanced meter features group (AMF group) also received training in the use of advanced features, including the meal marker and audible reminder, and were instructed to use these features.

Motherhood, apple pie, hemoglobin A(1C), and the DCCT.

Objective: To review recent literature on the limitations of hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) as a marker of glycemic control.

Methods: English-language literature published between 1985 and 2011 was reviewed specific to analyses of major trials relating glycemic control to complications of diabetes mellitus, as expressed through HbA(1c) as a marker of glycemic control.

Results: HbA(1c) has been accepted as the most fundamental biomarker in diabetes, if not all of medicine, as it clearly predicts risk for diabetes-related complications.

Prevalence and correlates of dietary supplement use in individuals with diabetes mellitus at an academic diabetes care clinic.

Objectives: This study sought to describe the prevalence of supplement use by those with diabetes mellitus receiving care at an academic outpatient diabetes care center and to identify any association of supplement use with glycemic control.

Methods: This study is based on a retrospective audit of provider-verified and patient-self-reported medication and supplement use by adults with diabetes at the University of Washington Diabetes Care Center during four 2-week periods from fall 2006 through summer 2007 (1 period per season).

Results: Verified medication and supplement histories for 459 adults demonstrated a per-person average use of 7 ± 4.

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Protocol for Standardized Production of Clinical Practice Guidelines--2010 update.

In 2004, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) published the "Protocol for Standardized Production of Clinical Practice Guidelines," which was to be implemented in forthcoming clinical practice guidelines (CPG). This protocol formally incorporated subjective factors and evidence-based medicine (EBM) methods that tightly mapped evidence levels to recommendation grades. A uniform publication template and multilevel review process were also outlined.

One-year weight losses in the Look AHEAD study: factors associated with success.

This report provides a further analysis of the first year weight losses in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study and identifies factors associated with success. Participants were a total of 5,145 men and women with type 2 diabetes who were recruited at 16 sites and randomly assigned to an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) or a control condition, Diabetes Support and Education (DSE). During year 1, participants in ILI received comprehensive diet and physical activity counseling in a total of 42 group and individual sessions, compared with three educational sessions for DSE participants.

Immunosuppressive agents: effects on glucose and lipid metabolism.

Immunosuppressive therapies are critical elements in successful organ transplantation. Although immunosuppressant drugs are essential in preventing graft rejection and graft maintenance after transplantation, their use is complicated by adverse effects, many being detrimental to graft and even patient long-term survival. Commonly used agents are associated with dysregulated glucose metabolism and dyslipidemia.

Diabetic neuropathy, the great masquerader: truncal neuropathy manifesting as abdominal pseudohernia.

Objective: To describe a patient with diabetic truncal neuropathy and suggest a helpful diagnostic approach to this entity.

Methods: We present a case report, with a focus on physical, computed tomographic, and electromyographic findings.

Results: Because of an extensive differential diagnosis, diabetic truncal neuropathy is a rarely recognized and often misdiagnosed condition in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Management of patients on chronic glucocorticoid therapy: an endocrine perspective.

Glucocorticoids continue to be a potent therapeutic tool for various medical conditions; however, their medication side effects pose challenges. Steroid diabetes is treated primarily with prandial insulin, either regular or the rapid insulins (lispro or aspart). Intermediate insulin is indicated less frequently, for fasting hyperglycemia.

Treating diabetes using oral agents.

Since the development and release of sulfonylureas for the treatment of T2DM, additional oral glycemic control agents with different mechanisms of action have allowed for more flexibility in targeting drug to patient. Based on available evidence, metformin monotherapy is preferred for the vast majority of T2DM patients who are overweight or obese. Combination therapy has further improved glycemic control.

The rationale and management of hyperglycemia for in-patients with cardiovascular disease: time for change.

There is increasing evidence that aggressive glycemic control for patients admitted into the hospital improves clinical outcomes, especially for patients with cardiovascular disease. There appear to be a variety of mechanisms for this. Although hyperglycemia has been shown to result in poor wound healing and more infectious complications, especially after cardiac surgical procedures, what has become clear is that the treatment of hyperglycemia with i.