Antigen-specific antibody isotypes, lymphocyte subsets and cytokine profiles in cattle naturally infested by Hypoderma sp. (Diptera: Oestridae).

Antigen-specific antibody responses, T cell subsets and cytokine profiles were studied in 7 heifers naturally infested by Hypoderma sp. in Northwestern Spain. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels increased significantly at the end of the endogenous life cycle of the parasite (Mr).

Prevalence of mixed trematode infections in an abattoir receiving cattle from northern Portugal and north-west Spain.

Between February 2007 and January 2009, a total of 776 slaughtered animals were examined for the presence of Trematoda in the liver, gall bladder, oesophagus and stomach (rumen and reticulum). Data collected were analysed by the age and breed of the animals. The percentage of cattle from which Trematoda were found was 38 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval [CI] 35 to 41 per cent); 28 per cent (95 per cent CI 25 to 31 per cent) had Fasciola hepatica, 12 per cent (95 per cent CI 10 to 14 per cent) Calicophoron daubneyi and 6 per cent (95 per cent CI 4 to 8 per cent) Dicrocoelium species.

Immunohistochemical characterization of inflammatory cells in the skin of cattle undergoing repeated infestations with Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera: Oestridae) larvae.

Cutaneous T- and B-cell responses were studied in three groups of cattle (n=4) after a primary (G1), secondary (G2) and tertiary (G3) experimental infestation with Hypoderma lineatum first instars (L1). Cattle were each infested with 25 L1 deposited onto the skin. Skin biopsies were taken at 0, 6, 12, 48, 96 and 144 h post infestation (hpi).

Protostrongylid infection in meat sheep from Northwestern Spain: prevalence and risk factors.

2093 Faecal samples from 74 commercial meat ovine flocks were collected and examined by the Baermann-Wetzel method for protostrongylid infection. The risk of being infected by lungworms was evaluated with a data mining classification tree (CHAID), and the intensity of infection with a general linear model (GLM). 242 out of 2093 faecal samples examined were positive for protostrongylid infection (11.

Tick infestation (Acari: Ixodidae) in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from northwestern Spain: population dynamics and risk stratification.

During the 2007 and 2008 hunting seasons (April-October) the skin of 367 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.), hunted in different preserves from Galicia (Northwestern Spain), were examined for ticks (Acari: Ixodidae). The overall prevalence of infestation by ticks was 83.

Efficacy of anthelminthic control programs against natural Muellerius capillaris infection in sheep in the north-west of Spain. Effect on blood gases and pH in venous blood samples.

The field efficacy of a single dose treatment against natural M. capillaris infection using different anthelmintic drugs, extensively employed in ovine parasite control programs in Galicia (N.W.

Application of the analysis of serum antibodies (immunoglobulins M and G) to estimate the seroprevalence of ovine oestrosis and to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy.

The analysis of immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG serum isotypes as indicators of the presence of Oestrus ovis developmental stages was carried out. A serological survey to discover the seasonal variations in the prevalence of oestrosis in sheep from an oceanic climate area was developed. Six hundred and sixty-nine blood samples were analyzed for the presence of IgM and IgG using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and O.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in wild and domestic ruminants sharing pastures in Galicia (Northwest Spain).

The prevalence of antibodies to the protozoan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum were investigated by the direct agglutination test (DAT) and cELISA, respectively, in 160 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 177 sheep and 178 cattle sharing pastures in Galicia (Northwest Spain). The seroprevalence for T. gondii was 13.

Local and systemic cytokine responses during larval penetration in cattle experimentally infested with Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera: Oestridae).

Local and systemic cytokine responses were studied in 3 groups of cattle, with 4 animals each, experimentally infested with Hypoderma lineatum (De Villers) first instars (L1). The first group was undergoing a primary infestation (G-1), the second group was undergoing a secondary infestation (G-2) and the third group was infested for their third consecutive year (G-3). Cattle were infested with 25 L1 deposited on the skin.

Immunomodulatory effect of Hypoderma lineatum antigens: in vitro effect on bovine lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production.

This study examines the immunomodulatory effect of a crude larval extract (CLE), obtained from first stage larvae (L1) of H. lineatum, and the purified fractions hypodermin A (HyA), HyB and HyC. Proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from uninfested and previously infested cattle and the production of the cytokines IL-10, IL-4 and IFN-gamma, in response to concanavalin A (Con A), were determined.

Intrinsic Factors Influencing the Infection by Helminth Parasites in Horses under an Oceanic Climate Area (NW Spain).

A coprological survey to determine the influence of some intrinsic factors (breed, age, and sex) on the infection by helminth parasites in equine livestock (n = 418) under an oceanic climate area (NW Spain) was conducted. Faecal samples were individually collected and analyzed by the coprological techniques. The main strongylid genera identified were Trichonema and Cyalocephalus spp (small strongyles) and Strongylus and Triodontophorus (large strongyles).

Occurrence and larval growth of Hypoderma lineatum in the oesophagi of cattle from northwest Spain: influence of geographical and climatic conditions.

From March 2004 to March 2005, 862 bovine oesophagi were collected at weekly intervals from a slaughterhouse in Lugo in northwest Spain in order to establish the occurrence and chronobiology of the first-instar (L1) oesophageal phase of Hypoderma lineatum (De Villers) (Diptera: Oestridae) in different climatic areas from this region. First instars were observed in oesophagi from May to February (10 months/year). The annual prevalence was 18.

Evaluation of an antigen capture ELISA for the early diagnosis of Hypoderma lineatum in cattle under field conditions.

An antigen capture or sandwich ELISA (sELISA) was evaluated for the diagnosis of Hypoderma lineatum in cattle under field conditions in northwestern Spain. The kinetics of circulating hypodermin C (HyC) and specific antibodies during the course of natural infestation were determined in a group of 10 Frisian calves. In addition, oesophagi and blood samples were taken from 105 cows at a slaughterhouse in order to compare three methods for the diagnosis of H.