Effects of a new advanced glycation inhibitor, LR-90, on mitigating arterial stiffening and improving arterial elasticity and compliance in a diabetic rat model: aortic impedance analysis.

Background And Purpose: We determined the effects of treatment with LR-90, an inhibitor of advanced glycation end products, on the mechanical properties of the arterial system in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats, using aortic impedance analysis, and further investigated the effects of LR-90 on the progression of aortic pathology.

Experimental Approach: STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with or without LR-90 (50 mg L(-1) in drinking water) for 8 weeks and compared with control groups. Arterial BP measurements, various metabolic parameters, aortic histopathology, collagen cross-linking, AGE accumulation, and RAGE protein expression in aortic tissue were determined.

Pseudo-Foster Kennedy Syndrome due to unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia: a case report.

Introduction: Pseudo-Foster Kennedy Syndrome is described as unilateral optic disc swelling with contralateral optic atrophy in the absence of an intracranial mass causing compression of the optic nerve. This occurs typically due to bilateral sequential optic neuritis or ischaemic optic neuropathy.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of pseudo-Foster Kennedy Syndrome in a two year old boy with unilateral papilloedema due to a congenital optic disc anomaly in one eye preventing transmission of raised intracranial pressure to the optic nerve.

Ketamine sedation during the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.

Aims: To report the use of ketamine sedation as an alternative anaesthetic method for babies undergoing treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: All babies who underwent treatment for ROP over a 2-year period were included in this study. The babies preoperative weight, medical condition, and ventilation status was recorded.

Assisted conception and retinopathy of prematurity: 8-year follow-up study.

Aims: To assess the effect of assisted conception (AC) on retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and ROP screening. Follow-up to the study by McKibbin et al.

Methods: Retrospective study utilising computerised databases of ROP screening, live births, AC and multiple births between 1st April 2000 and 31st August 2003 at St James's Hospital (SJUH) Leeds.

The earliest case of retinopathy of prematurity?

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a well-recognized condition in premature babies born today and in the recent past. One would not normally expect to come across evidence of its existence among older patients. We present a case of apparent regressed ROP in a lady born in May 1939, prior to the documented reports of the first cases.

Intralenticular metallic foreign body.

We report the case of a 58-year-old man who despite having an intralenticular metallic foreign body maintained good vision for at least 40 years. We describe the natural course of intraocular foreign body and the healing capacity of the anterior lens capsule as well as management issues to consider when dealing with intraocular foreign bodies.

Retinopathy screening in children and adolescents with diabetes.

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels of the retina. The majority of patients with diabetic retinopathy exhibit background retinopathy. In approximately 10% of patients, background retinopathy will progress to sight-threatening retinopathy.

A model for the fluid motion of vitreous humour of the human eye during saccadic movement.

During saccadic motion the eyewall moves in a manner similar to a sinusoid or at least can be represented by a sine Fourier series. Motion of the vitreous is induced by the saccade and the vitreo-retinal interface is subjected to a time-dependent shear. This force may be a significant factor for retinal tearing in the neighbourhood of small retinal holes or tears.

Malignant hypertension presenting as blurred vision in a 43 year old intravenous drug abuser.

A 43 year old intravenous drug abuser presented to the accident and emergency department with a three week history of bilateral visual loss and frontal headaches. Fundoscopy revealed bilateral retinal cotton wool spots and haemorrhages and an ophthalmic opinion was requested. His blood pressure was subsequently found to be 210/140.

Time-dependent stress and displacement of the eye wall tissue of the human eye.

Myopia or short sightedness, is the most important predisposing factor to retinal detachment. The relative risk of detachment rises with increasing myopia. The model characterizes that because the severity of myopia increases with the axial length (antero-posterior diameter) of the eyeball, the relative risk of retinal detachment rises with increasing eye size.

Incidence of lens matter dislocation during phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To assess the incidence and visual morbidity of lens matter dislocation during phacoemulsification and the relationship between this complication and surgical experience.

Setting: Teaching and district general hospitals.

Methods: A multiple-choice questionnaire was sent to members of the Northern and Midlands Ophthalmological Societies.

Assisted conception and retinopathy of prematurity.

This study was performed to assess the workload imposed by treatment for infertility on a retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening programme. We reviewed the records of all babies born between August 1991 and December 1994 as a result of treatment in the Assisted Conception Unit of this hospital, and of all babies screened for ROP over the same period. Of the babies born after assisted conception treatment, 20% fulfilled the ROP screening criteria.

Fiber-optic confocal microscope: FOCON.

A new design for a reflecting fiber-optic confocal microscope, FOCON, is presented in which the beam splitter of a conventional confocal microscope is replaced by a fiber-optic splitter, and the core of a single-mode fiber takes the place of both the source and detector pinholes. It is shown that FOCON has the same resolution characteristics as a conventional confocal microscope, and requires fewer optical components and only rough alignment. The microscope is robust and can be rapidly scanned in the x, y, and z directions through the simple movement of the end of an optical fiber.

Single-mode fibers used as confocal microscope pinholes.

Conventional clear-aperture pinholes in confocal microscopes can be replaced by single-mode optical fibers, thereby reducing alignment and dust accumulation problems and providing greater flexibility for optical and electronic hardware placement.