Musculoskeletal problems associated with lameness and poor performance in cutting horses: 200 cases (2007-2015).

OBJECTIVE To describe the chief complaints by owners and the types and prevalences of musculoskeletal problems associated with lameness or poor performance in cutting horses. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 200 client-owned cutting horses examined at the Texas A&M University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2015, because of lameness or poor performance.

Evaluation of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on markers of joint inflammation and cartilage metabolism in young horses challenged with lipopolysaccharide.

Seventeen yearling Quarter Horses were used in a randomized complete block design for a 56-d trial to determine ability of dietary CLA to mitigate joint inflammation and alter cartilage turnover following an inflammatory insult. Horses were blocked by age, sex, and BW, and randomly assigned to dietary treatments consisting of commercial concentrate offered at 1% BW (as-fed) supplemented with either 1% soybean oil (CON; n = 6), 0.5% soybean oil and 0.

Age-related effects on markers of inflammation and cartilage metabolism in response to an intra-articular lipopolysaccharide challenge in horses.

Eighteen Quarter Horses were used in a randomized complete design for a 28-d experiment to evaluate age-related effects on inflammation and cartilage turnover after induction of a single inflammatory insult using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Horses were grouped by age as yearlings (3 males and 3 females), 2 to 3 yr olds (2/3 yr old; 2 males and 4 females), and skeletally mature 5 to 8 yr olds (mature; 2 males and 4 females). On d 0, all horses were individually housed and fed diets that met or exceeded requirements.

Influence of oral glucosamine supplementation in young horses challenged with intra-articular lipopolysaccharide.

Fourteen yearling Quarter horses (351 to 470 kg) were utilized in a randomized complete block design to evaluate potential of glucosamine hydrochloride (HCl) to mitigate intra-articular inflammation following a single inflammatory insult. Horses were blocked by BW, age, and sex, and randomly assigned to treatments for a 98-d experiment. Treatments consisted of a control diet (CON; = 7) fed 1% BW per d (as-fed) of concentrate only or a treatment diet ( = 7) of concentrate top dressed with 30 mg/kg BW glucosamine HCl (99.

A randomized, controlled trial of the effects of resveratrol administration in performance horses with lameness localized to the distal tarsal joints.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of resveratrol administration in performance horses with lameness localized to the distal tarsal joints. DESIGN Randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. ANIMALS 45 client-owned horses with lameness localized to the distal tarsal joints.

Enthesopathy and desmitis of the medial collateral ligament of the cubital joint in 4 horses.

Case Description: 4 horses with enthesopathy and desmitis of the medial collateral ligament of the cubital joint were examined.

Clinical Findings: All 4 horses had a history of acute, severe, unilateral forelimb lameness and had signs of pain during manipulation of the affected upper forelimb; 2 also had swelling in the axillary region. There was no improvement in lameness after diagnostic local analgesia below the carpal region, and 1 of 4 horses had mild improvement after cubital joint analgesia.

Tendinitis of the proximal aspect of the superficial digital flexor tendon in horses: 12 cases (2000-2006).

Objective: To determine clinical signs, ultrasonographic findings, and outcome of horses with tendinitis of the proximal portion of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT; group A horses) and to compare signalment, horse use, and outcome in these horses with that of horses with tendinitis of the midmetacarpal region of the SDFT (group B horses).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 12 group A horses and 22 group B horses.

Fractures of the tuber coxa of the ilium in horses: 29 cases (1996-2007).

Objective: To determine history; clinical, radiographic, ultrasonographic, and scintigraphic abnormalities; treatment; and outcome in horses with tuber coxae fractures and to describe a useful technique for obtaining a dorsomedial-ventrolateral 50 degrees oblique radiographic view of the tuber coxa of the ilium in standing horses.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 29 horses with fractures of tuber coxa.

Fractures of the greater tubercle of the humerus in horses: 15 cases (1986-2004).

Objective: To determine clinical and radiographic abnormalities in and outcome of horses with fractures of the greater tubercle of the humerus and to develop a radiographic technique for obtaining a cranioproximal-craniodistal oblique projection of the proximal portion of the humerus in standing horses.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 15 horses.

Musculoskeletal problems associated with lameness and poor performance among horses used for barrel racing: 118 cases (2000-2003).

Objective: To identify types of musculoskeletal problems associated with lameness or poor performance in horses used for barrel racing.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 118 horses.

Lameness and poor performance in horses used for team roping: 118 cases (2000-2003).

Objective: To determine the types of musculoskeletal problems that result in lameness or poor performance in horses used for team roping and determine whether these problems are different in horses used for heading versus heeling.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: 118 horses.

Effects of Carolina rinse solution, dimethyl sulfoxide, and the 21-aminosteroid, U-74389G, on microvascular permeability and morphology of the equine jejunum after low-flow ischemia and reperfusion.

Objective: To evaluate effects of Carolina rinse solution, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 21-aminosteroid, U-74389G, on microvascular permeability and morphology of the equine jejunum after low-flow ischemia and reperfusion.

Animals: 20 healthy adult horses.

Procedure: Under anesthesia, full-thickness biopsy specimens of a distal portion of the jejunum were obtained for baseline measurements.

Heel bulb lacerations in horses: 101 cases (1988-1994).

Objective: To determine clinical history, structures involved, treatment, and outcome of lacerations of the heel bulb and proximal phalangeal region (pastern) in horses.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: 101 horses.

Prevention of ischaemia-induced small intestinal adhesions in foals.

Reasons For Performing Study: Treatments addressing variously theorised pathophysiological mechanisms of small intestinal adhesions have been reported. This study applied those classes of treatments to the most clinically relevant aetiology of post operative adhesions.

Hypothesis: Treatments addressing the pathophysiology of ischaemia-reperfusion induced adhesions would accordingly reduce the incidence of adhesions from this model.

Gracilis muscle injury as a cause of lameness in two horses.

Injury to the gracilis muscle can cause acute, severe lameness in horses. Two female Quarter Horses that were used for barrel racing sustained gracilis muscle tear injuries. The site of injury was localized by direct infiltration of the area with mepivacaine.

Evaluation of Carolina Rinse solution as a treatment for ischaemia reperfusion of the equine jejunum.

Reasons For Performing Study: Ileus and peritoneal adhesions are the most common complications following surgery for small intestinal obstruction. Carolina Rinse (CR) has been shown to decrease reperfusion injury in intestine and other organs.

Hypothesis: CR decreases intestinal inflammation and subsequent scarring associated with reperfusion injury.

Injection of corticosteroids, hyaluronate, and amikacin into the navicular bursa in horses with signs of navicular area pain unresponsive to other treatments: 25 cases (1999-2002).

Objective: To determine history, clinical and radiographic abnormalities, and outcome in horses with signs of navicular area pain unresponsive to corrective shoeing and systemic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration that were treated with an injection of corticosteroids, sodium hyaluronate, and amikacin into the navicular bursa.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: 25 horses.

Hoof wall surgery in the horse: approaches to and underlying disorders.

Because of the hoof capsule, surgery of the equine foot is often perceived to be quite difficult. Knowledge of the specific disease entities that require surgical intervention as well as an in-depth understanding of the anatomy of the tissues beneath the hoof capsule is a definite prerequisite to successful surgical treatment. This article details the surgical approaches used to treat septic navicular bursitis, septic pedal osteitis, infection of the collateral cartilages, and keratomas.

Diagnosis, treatment, and farriery for horses with chronic heel pain.

In conclusion, horses with heel or navicular area pain vary, and no one treatment option is suitable for all horses. Each horse must be evaluated individually to determine which structure in the palmar aspect of the foot is injured, severity of disease, horse and hoof conformation, and horse use and level of performance expectation before a treatment plan can be developed. Overall, there are many treatment options to help these horses to perform their intended athletic event.

Osteomyelitis secondary to trauma involving the proximal end of the radius in horses: five cases (1987-2001).

Objective: To determine clinical, radiographic, and scintigraphic abnormalities in and treatment and outcome of horses with trauma-induced osteomyelitis of the proximal aspect of the radius.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: 5 horses.

Treatment of ischaemic jejunum with topical and intraluminal Carolina Rinse.

Carolina Rinse Solution (CRS) was applied topically and intraluminally to ischaemic (Group 1; n = 5) and distended equine jejunum (Group 2; n = 5). Mesenteric blood flow, ORC (osmotic reflection coefficient), wet weight to dry weight ratios (WW/DW), serosal thickness, and neutrophil accumulation in the serosa were measured. After 60 min ischaemia followed by reperfusion (Group 1), mesenteric blood flow remained greater than baseline values.

Osteitis of the axial border of the proximal sesamoid bones in horses: eight cases (1993-1999).

Objective: To determine clinical, radiographic, and scintigraphic abnormalities in and outcome of horses with septic or nonseptic osteitis of the axial border of the proximal sesamoid bones.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: 8 horses.

Serosal injury in the equine jejunum and ascending colon after ischemia-reperfusion or intraluminal distention and decompression.

Objective: To document morphologic changes that occur in equine intestinal serosa after experimentally induced ischemia and subsequent reperfusion (jejunum, ascending colon) or after intraluminal distention and decompression (jejunum).

Study Design: Morphologic effects of ischemia-reperfusion or intraluminal distention-decompression determined on the serosal layer of the equine jejunum. The large colon serosa was evaluated after ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Effects of intraluminal distention and decompression on microvascular permeability and hemodynamics of the equine jejunum.

Objective: To determine whether intraluminal distention and subsequent decompression of the equine jejunum affects intestinal blood flow, hemodynamics, and microvascular permeability.

Animals: 5 healthy adu t horses.

Procedures: Horses were anesthestized and underwent exploratory laparotomy.

Detachable latex balloon occlusion of an internal carotid artery with an aberrant branch in a horse with guttural pouch (auditory tube diverticulum) mycosis.

An aberrant branch of the internal carotid artery was detected by angiography in a horse with guttural pouch (auditory tube diverticulum) mycosis after the distal portion of the artery had been occluded by use of a detachable latex balloon. A second balloon was placed to eliminate retrograde hemorrhage from the aberrant branch. The horse recovered and returned to its previous activity.