Alterations in Mycelial Morphology and Flow Cytometry Assessment of Membrane Integrity of Stressed by Phenolic Compounds.

Global increase in demand for palm oil has caused an intensification in oil palm plantation; however, production is greatly hindered by Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease caused by . There are many approaches to controlling BSR, although, there is no accurate, sustainable and effective method to suppress completely. Hence, four phenolic compounds [Gallic acid (GA), Thymol (THY), Propolis (PRO) and Carvacrol (CARV)] were selected to evaluate their antifungal effect, ability to alter the mycelium morphology, and fungal cell integrity against .