The Constituent-Dependent Translocation Mechanism for PM to Travel through the Olfactory Pathway.

The neurotoxic risk of PM is of worldwide concern, but the pathways through which PM gets to the central nervous system are still under debate. The olfactory pathway provides a promising shortcut to the brain, which bypasses the blood-brain barrier for PM. However, direct evidence is lacking, and the translocation mechanism is still unclear.

Simultaneous Determination of 12 Disinfection By-Products in Fish Muscles by Solvent Extraction Coupled With Gas Chromatography Equipped With an Electron Capture Detector.

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) have received considerable focus due to potential teratogenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects; however, there is an evident gap in the availability of analytical methodologies for the simultaneous determination of DBPs in fish, especially iodinated DBPs. This paper developed an innovative analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 12 DBPs, including four trihalomethanes (THMs), three haloacetonitriles, and five iodinated THMs (I-THMs), in fish muscle, utilizing solvent extraction followed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The method incorporates tert-butyl methyl ether as an extraction solvent, performing efficient vortex mixing, extraction, and centrifugation under reduced temperature conditions to facilitate the processing of physically disrupted fish tissues.

Organophosphate esters in vehicle interior dust from Chinese urban areas: What are the influencing factors of the occurrence?

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are a class of semi-volatile organic compounds frequently used to various products as flame retardants and plasticizers. As emerging pollutants, OPEs have attracted significant attention due to their potential impacts on human health and ecosystems. This study investigated the occurrence of OPEs in vehicle interior dust across 36 cities in China.

Importance of salinity on regulating the environmental fate and bioaccumulation of lithium in the Yangtze River Estuary.

The demand of lithium (Li) has increased rapidly in recent decades under carbon neutrality strategies, but the environmental fate and potential risks of Li in aquatic ecosystem are barely known. This study conducted a comprehensive field survey in the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) and the adjacent East China Sea (ECS), to investigate the spatial distribution of dissolved Li and bioaccumulation of Li in the coastal food web. The dissolved Li increased with salinity (from 7.

Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers in the environment: A review of occurrence, partitioning and transformation.

Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) are widely used as industrial additives to protect products from photoaging and are present in a variety of environmental matrices and organisms. It raised significant concerns that BUVSs are emerging pollutants with persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity, of which 2-(3, 5-di-tert-amyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole (UV-328) has been recently listed in Annex A of the Stockholm Convention Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) list. A comprehensive understanding of the occurrence, partitioning and transformation of BUVSs in the environment is the basis for their environmental exposure and risk studies.

Brominated Flame Retardant HBCD and Artificial Light at Night Synergically Caused Visual Disorder and Sleep Difficulty in Zebrafish Larvae.

Sleep difficulty is a widespread health concern exacerbated by factors such as light and chemical pollution. Artificial light at night (ALAN) can disrupt natural sleep-wake cycles, whereas chemical pollutants can impair sleep-related processes. The prevalence of ALAN increases the health risk of coexposure, yet it has not gained sufficient attention.

Aspirin altered antibiotic resistance genes response to sulfonamide in the gut microbiome of zebrafish.

Pharmaceuticals are widespread in aquatic environments and might contribute to the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. However, the co-effect of antibiotics and non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals on the gut microbiome of fish is poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the variation of the zebrafish gut microbiome and resistome after exposure to sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and aspirin under different treatments.

Effect of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides to triphenyl phosphate degradation and cytotoxicity on surface of different transition metal salts.

Nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, as the dominant toxic gases in the atmosphere, can induce severe human health problems under the composite pollutant conditions. Currently the effect of nitrogen or sulfur oxides in atmospheric environment to the degradation and cytotoxicity of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) on atmospheric particle surfaces still remain poorly understood. Hence, laboratory simulation methods were used in this study to investigate the effect and related mechanism.

Degradation, transformation and cytotoxicity of triphenyl phosphate on surface of different transition metal salts in atmospheric environment.

Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) and transition metal elements have been ubiquitously detected in the atmosphere, which can participate in atmospheric chemical reactions and induce damage to human health. Currently the understanding of TPhP degradation, transformation and cytotoxicity on atmospheric particles surface are still limited. Therefore, this study used laboratory simulation methods to investigate the influence of irradiation time, transition metal salts, relative humidity (RH) to TPhP degradation, transformation and relative cytotoxicity.

Combined effects of pH and dissolved organic matter on the availability of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aqueous environment.

The interaction between pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) with dissolved organic matter (DOM) can alter their bioavailability and toxicity. Nevertheless, little is known about how pH and DOM work together to affect the availability of PPCPs. This study investigated the impact of pH and DOM on the availability of seven PPCPs, namely Carbamazepine, Estrone, Bisphenol A, Testosterone Propionate, Triclocarban, 4-tert-Octylphenol and 4-n-Nonylphenol, using negligible depletion solid-phase microextraction (nd-SPME).

Neurotoxicity of tetramethylammonium ion on larval and juvenile zebrafish: Effects on neurobehaviors and multiple biomarkers.

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is an important compound that utilized and released by the rapidly expanding semiconductor industry, which could hardly be removed by the conventional wastewater treatment techniques. As a cholinergic agonist, the tetramethylammonium ion (TMA) has been reported to induce toxicity to muscular and respiratory systems of mammals and human, however the toxicity on aquatic biota remains poorly known. We investigated the neurotoxic effects of TMA exposure on zebrafish, based on neurobehavior tests and a series of biomarkers.

Distribution and spatial variation of volatile methylsiloxanes in surface water and wastewater from the Yangtze River Basin, China.

Volatile methylsiloxanes (VMSs) earned serious concerns due to their detection and toxicities after their release to the environments. They were also detected in rivers around the globe, but their distribution remained to be explored in larger rivers with longer length, higher water volume and wider watershed. In the present study, 8 cyclic VMSs (cVMSs) and 7 linear ones (lVMSs) were investigated in 42 water samples (27 surface water (including 7 drinking source water) and 15 wastewater) from the Yangtze River Basin, China.

Mixed Metal Components in PM Contribute to Chemokine Receptor CCR5-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Neuropathological Changes in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb.

Particulate matter, especially PM, can invade the central nervous system (CNS) the olfactory pathway to induce neurotoxicity. The olfactory bulb (OB) is the key component integrating immunoprotection and olfaction processing and is necessarily involved in the relevant CNS health outcomes. Here we show that a microglial chemokine receptor, CCR5, is the target of environmentally relevant PM in the OB to trigger neuroinflammation and then neuropathological injuries.

Influence of dietary status on the obesogenic effects of erythromycin antibiotic on Caenorhabditis elegans.

As emerging pollutants, antibiotics were widely detected in water bodies and dietary sources. Recently, their obesogenic effects raised serious concerns. So far, it remained unclear whether their obesogenic effects would be influenced by water- and diet-borne exposure routes.

Obesogenic potentials of environmental artificial sweeteners with disturbances on both lipid metabolism and neural responses.

Artificial sweeteners (ASs) entered the environments after application and emissions. Recent studies showed that some ASs had obesogenic risks. However, it remained unclear whether such risks are common and how they provoke such effects.

Metastatic effects of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on Drosophila melanogaster with metabolic reprogramming and dysrhythmia in a multigenerational exposure scenario.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure correlated with various cancers and their mortality. Its persistence in the environment made its long-term multigenerational influences of significant concerns. However, it remained unanswered whether its multigenerational exposure could influence metastasis which contributes ~90 % to cancer mortality.

Further Insight into Extractable (Organo)fluorine Mass Balance Analysis of Tap Water from Shanghai, China.

The ubiquitous occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and the detection of unexplained extractable organofluorine (EOF) in drinking water have raised growing concerns. A recent study reported the detection of inorganic fluorinated anions in German river systems, and therefore, in some samples, EOF may include some inorganic fluorinated anions. Thus, it might be more appropriate to use the term "extractable fluorine (EF) analysis" instead of the term EOF analysis.

Effects of carbamazepine on the central nervous system of zebrafish at human therapeutic plasma levels.

The fish plasma model (FPM) facilitated the environmental risk assessment of human drugs by using existing data on human therapeutic plasma concentrations (HPCs) and predicted fish plasma concentrations (FPCs). However, studies on carbamazepine (CMZ) with both the mode of action (MOA) based biological effects at molecular level (such as neurotransmitter and gene level) and measured FPCs are lacking. Bioconcentration of CMZ in adult zebrafish demonstrated that the FPM underestimated the bioconcentration factors (BCFs) in plasma at environmental CMZ exposure concentrations (1-100 μg/L).

Evaluation of the oral bioaccessibility of legacy and emerging brominated flame retardants in indoor dust.

Indoor dust is the main source of human exposure to brominated flame retardants (BFRs). In this study, in vitro colon-extended physiologically-based extraction test (CE-PBET) with Tenax as a sorptive sink was applied to evaluate the oral bioaccessibility of twenty-two polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and seven novel BFRs (NBFRs) via indoor dust ingestion. The mean bioaccessibilities of two NBFRs pentabromotoluene (PBT) and 1,2-Bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE) were first proposed, reaching 36.

Potential adverse outcome pathway (AOP) of emamectin benzoate mediated cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio).

Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is an efficient insecticide which widely used as an anthelmintic drug additive in aquaculture fish. However, its extensive use has resulted in widespread pollution in the aquatic environment. Previous studies have identified the potential developmental and neurotoxic effects of EMB, however, systematic studies pertaining to the cardiovascular toxic effects of EMB on fish are scarce.

Effects of nanoplastics and microplastics on the availability of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aqueous environment.

Nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) could act as potential carriers for pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and alter the bioavailability in the aquatic environment. The effects of NPs and MPs of polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) on the availability of five PPCPs including carbamazepine, bisphenol A, estrone, triclocarban and 4-tert-octylphenol were investigated by negligible depletion solid- phase microextraction (nd-SPME). The freely dissolved concentrations of PPCPs decreased with the increasing concentrations of NPs/MPs.