Pair-Soil-Spectra: An Approach for NIRS-Based Soil Total Nitrogen Content Detection with Feature Metrics in Cases of Small Sample Sizes.

Soil total nitrogen (STN) plays an important role in plant growth, and rapid and nondestructive detection of STN content is essential for agricultural production. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) takes advantage of the fast detection speed, low cost, and nondestructiveness, and it can be used for STN content detection. Typically, NIRS-based approaches require a large number of samples for detection model training.

A Review of Methodologies for the Rapid Analysis and Quantification of Gases in Solid Media.

Gas sensors are essential measurement devices that have found extensive applications across various fields, including industry, agriculture, ecological and environmental monitoring, military operations, and biomedical research. Numerous sensing methods based on a diverse range of principles-including optics, electrochemistry, and semiconductors-have been used in the development and manufacture of gas sensing technologies. However, the measurement of certain gases remains challenging when using current sensing techniques and sensors; this is particularly true for the gases that are present in solid media.

A novel phosphate detection sensor: From FTIR to EC-QCL.

Excessive discharges of industrial and domestic sewage containing high concentrations of phosphorus are causing damage to the environment, so the detection of these pollutants in bodies of water is extremely critical. External cavity quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL) spectroscopy is a novel measurement technology that surpasses conventional infrared spectroscopy techniques. In this research, we propose a transmission detection system with a long optical path based on an EC-QCL for the detection of phosphate concentration in water bodies.

Multiple applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the treatment of orthopedic diseases.

Pharmacologic treatment of orthopedic diseases is a common challenge for clinical orthopedic surgeons, and as an important step in the stepwise treatment of orthopedic diseases, it is often difficult to achieve satisfactory results with existing pharmacologic treatments. Therefore, it is increasingly important to find new ways to effectively improve the treatment pattern of orthopedic diseases as well as to enhance the therapeutic efficacy. It has been found that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess the advantages of high specific surface area, high porosity, chemical stability, tunability of structure and biocompatibility.

Rapid Determination of Cr and Mn in Water Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Combined with Filter Paper Modified with Gold Nanoclusters.

Excessive emissions of heavy metals not only cause environmental pollution but also pose a direct threat to human health. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of heavy metals in the environment is of great significance. Herein, we propose a method based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with filter paper modified with bovine serum albumin-protected gold nanoclusters (LIBS-FP-AuNCs) for the rapid and sensitive detection of Cr and Mn.

Simple and sensitive determination of Cr (III), Cu (II) and Pb (II) in tea infusions using AgNPs-modified resin combined with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

The detection of heavy metals in tea infusions is important because of the potential health risks associated with their consumption. Existing highly sensitive detection methods pose challenges because they are complicated and time-consuming. In this study, we developed an innovative and simple method using Ag nanoparticles-modified resin (AgNPs-MR) for pre-enrichment prior to laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the simultaneous analysis of Cr (III), Cu (II), and Pb (II) in tea infusions.

Gas Imaging with Uncooled Thermal Imager.

Gas imaging has become one of the research hotspots in the field of gas detection due to its significant advantages, such as high efficiency, large range, and dynamic visualization. It is widely used in industries such as natural gas transportation, chemical, and electric power industries. With the development of infrared detector technology, uncooled thermal imagers are undergoing a developmental stage of technological advancement and widespread application.

Rapid Determination of Different Ripening Stages of Occidental Pears ( L.) by Volatile Organic Compounds Using Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS).

Determination of Occidental pear () ripening is difficult because the appearance of Occidental pears does not change significantly during the ripening process. Occidental pears at different ripening stages release different volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can be used to determine fruit ripeness non-destructively and rapidly. In this study, VOCs were detected using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS).

Detection of volatile organic compounds in adulterated tea using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry.

Aroma is a key factor used to evaluate tea quality. Illegal traders usually add essence to expired or substandard tea to improve its aroma so as to gain more profit. Traditional physical and chemical testing methods are time-consuming and costly.

Non-destructive and in-situ detection of shrimp freshness using mid-infrared fiber-optic evanescent wave spectroscopy.

There is strong interest in non-destructive and rapid determination of food freshness in food research. In this study, mid-infrared (MIR) fiber-optic evanescent wave (FOEW) spectroscopy was applied to monitor shrimp freshness through the evaluation of protein, chitin, and calcite contents in conjunction with a Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) model. Shrimp shells were wiped with a micro fiber-optic probe to obtain a FOEW spectrum which quickly and nondestructively allowed evaluation of the shrimp freshness.

Oil content analysis of corn seeds using a hand-held Raman spectrometer and spectral peak decomposition algorithm.

Rapid, non-destructive and reliable detection of the oil content of corn seeds is important for development of high-oil corn. However, determination of the oil content is difficult using traditional methods for seed composition analysis. In this study, a hand-held Raman spectrometer was used with a spectral peak decomposition algorithm to determine the oil contents of corn seeds.

Rapid identification of artificial fragrant rice based on volatile organic compounds: From PTR-MS to FTIR.

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from foods can reflect their internal properties. Artificial fragrant rice (AFR) is a fraudulent food product in which the flavor of low-quality rice is artificially enhanced by addition of essence. In this study, proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry, long optical path gas phase FTIR spectroscopy and fiber optic evanescent wave were used to analyze the characteristic mass-charge ratios signal and infrared fingerprint signal of four essence which may be used to make AFR, and the prepared AFR samples with different essence levels (0.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 8 regulates ferroptosis and macrophage polarization in spinal cord injury via glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

Objective: To explore the influence of protein arginine methyltransferase 8 (PRMT8) regulating glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on neuron ferroptosis and macrophage polarization in spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A rat model of SCI was established through an injury induced by an external force. Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan score, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunofluorescence were used, respectively, to detect changes in rat locomotion, spinal cord histopathology, and NeuN expression in the spinal cord.

Visualizing changes of metabolites during iron deficiency chlorosis in field-grown pear leaves using micro-Raman spectral imaging.

Owing to iron chlorosis, pear trees are some of the most severely impacted by iron deficiency, and they suffer significant losses every year. While it is possible to determine the iron content of leaves using laboratory-standard analytical techniques, the sampling and analysis process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it does not quickly and accurately identify the physiological state of iron-deficient leaves. Therefore, it is crucial to find a precise and quick visualization approach for metabolites linked to leaf iron to comprehend the mechanism of iron deficiency and create management strategies for pear-tree planting.

MicroRNA-181a-5p Curbs Osteogenic Differentiation and Bone Formation Partially Through Impairing Runx1-Dependent Inhibition of AIF-1 Transcription.

Backgruound: Evidence has revealed the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating osteogenic differentiation, implying the promise of miRNA-based therapies for treating osteoporosis. This study investigated whether miR-181a-5p influences osteogenic differentiation and bone formation and aimed to establish the mechanisms in depth.

Methods: Clinical serum samples were obtained from osteoporosis patients, and MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with osteogenic induction medium (OIM) to induce osteogenic differentiation.

A Real-Time Detection Method of Hg in Drinking Water via Portable Biosensor: Using a Smartphone as a Low-Cost Micro-Spectrometer to Read the Colorimetric Signals.

This paper reported a real-time detection strategy for Hg inspired by the visible spectrophotometer that used a smartphone as a low-cost micro-spectrometer. In combination with the smartphone's camera and optical accessories, the phone's built-in software can process the received light band image and then read out the spectral data in real time. The sensor was also used to detect gold nanoparticles with an LOD of 0.

detection of fruit spoilage based on volatile compounds using the mid-infrared fiber-optic evanescent wave spectroscopy.

Volatile compounds such as ethanol released from fruit can be rapidly detected using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy based on a long-path gas cell. However, this method relies on a long optical path length and requires pumping fruit volatiles into the gas cell. This can lead to the volatile compounds being contaminated and not detectable .

Detection of heavy metal ions using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with filter paper modified with PtAg bimetallic nanoparticles.

The rapid and sensitive detection of heavy metal ions is important for environment and human health. Hence, the rapid and sensitive detection of multiple heavy metals simultaneously has become a critical issue. Here, we propose a method based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with filter paper modified with PtAg bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) (LIBS-FP-PtAgBNPs) for the ultrasensitive detection of Hg, Cr, and Pb.

Electric Field-Induced Specific Preconcentration to Enhance DNA-Based Electrochemical Sensing of Hg via the Synergy of Enrichment and Self-Cleaning.

Efficient preconcentration is critical for sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of metal ions, but rapid specific enrichment with depressed absorption of interfering ions at the electrode is challenging. Here, we proposed an electric field-induced specific preconcentration to boost the analytical performance of DNA-based electrochemical sensors for Hg detection. As for such preconcentration, a positive external electric field was first used to enrich Hg at an electrode assembled with T-rich DNA, thus boosting T-Hg-T recognitions.

Enzyme-modulated photothermal immunoassay of chloramphenicol residues in milk and egg using a self-calibrated thermal imager.

Highly sensitive and accurate detection of chloramphenicol is of paramount importance for food safety. Herein, an enzyme-modulated photothermal immunosensor that uses a self-calibrated thermal imaging system (SCTIS) as signal read-out was developed for detecting chloramphenicol. In this immunosensor, alkaline phosphatase was used as a modulator of the photothermal conversion.

A biosensor based on a thermal camera using infrared radiance as the signal probe.

Flexible-type signal probes and their detection methods are increasingly being applied in biosensors. Among these, temperature-based signal probes represent a novel research direction. These sensors convert immunoassay signals into temperature signals, which are then detected using a thermometer or thermal infrared reader.

Facilitative role of circPVT1 in osteogenic differentiation potentials of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from patients with osteoporosis through the miR-30d-5p/ITGB3 axis.

Objective: The critical role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in osteoporosis (OP) has been highlighted. We tried to explore the role of circPVT1 in OP in relation to microRNA-30d-5p (miR-30d-5p) and ITGB3.

Methods: After bone marrow collection, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and identified.