A practical community-based response strategy to interrupt Ebola transmission in sierra Leone, 2014-2015.

Background: The Ebola virus disease spread rapidly in West Africa in 2014, leading to the loss of thousands of lives. Community engagement was one of the key strategies to interrupt Ebola transmission, and practical community level measures needed to be explored in the field and tailored to the specific context of communities.

Methods: First, community-level education on Ebola virus disease (EVD) prevention was launched for the community's social mobilizers in six districts in Sierra Leone beginning in November 2014.

[A discussion on the strategy of evaluating the communicable disease surveillance systems in US Center for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization].

Objective: To compare the different surveillance system evaluation guidelines proposed by US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and WHO, so as to develop an evaluation strategy suitable for communicable disease surveillance systems in China.

Methods: Systematic collection and review on the guidelines that were proposed by US CDC and WHO. Situation analysis together with feasibility analysis were linked to the analysis of evaluation strategy used in China.

[Study on the timeliness of detection and reporting on public health emergency events in China].

Objective: To analyze the timeliness of detection and reporting on public health emergency events, and to explore the effective strategies for improving the relative capacity on those issues.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective survey on 3275 emergency events reported through Public Health Emergency Events Surveillance System from 2005 to the first half of 2006. Developed by county Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a uniformed self-administrated questionnaire was used to collect data, which would include information on the detection, reporting of the events.

Tahyna virus and human infection, China.

In 2006, Tahyna virus was isolated from Culex spp. mosquitoes collected in Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. In 2007, to determine whether this virus was infecting humans, we tested serum from febrile patients.

[Study on the occupational distribution of discoverers and reporters of public health emergency events reported through Internet-based surveillance system].

Objective: To describe the occupational distribution of staff who worked on detection and reporting on public health emergency events, and to explore the effective strategies for identification and reporting on emergency events.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective survey on 3275 emergent events reported through Public Health Emergency Events Surveillance System from 2005 to the first half of 2006. Data were collected by uniform self-administrated questionnaires by county Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including information on events detection and reporting, etc.

[Etiology of aseptic meningitis prevalent in Xuzhou].

Background: To find the pathogenic agents of aseptic meningitis prevalent in Xuzhou of Jiangsu province in 2001.

Methods: The enterovirus (EV) was cultured from CSF of the patients and identified with anti-serum by neutralization test. Neutralization titer of antibody in paired sera from meningitis children was determined.

[Epidemiological study on an outbreak caused by E. coli O157:H7 in Jiangsu province].

Objective: To carry out epidemiological study on an outbreak caused by E. coli O157:H7 infection in Jiangsu province in 1999.

Methods: Epidemiological, microbiological and moleculebiological methods were used to find out the source, route of transmission and risk factors.

[Rapid assessment of safety injection in one county, north rural area in China].

Objective: To estimate the frequency of injections and proportion of unsafe injections and to analyses the critical determinants of poor injection practices in general population in China. Also, to study knowledge, attitudes, practice research in providers and general population.

Methods: A random sample consisting residents and health care providers in a rural county was elected and interview about the frequency of received injection, as well as knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding injections were studied.