A novel refined classification system for type 2 diabetes in adults: A Chinese retrospective cohort study.

Aims: We propose a simple type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) classification method based on fasting C-peptide (FCP) levels and examined its feasibility and validity.

Methods: Adult T2DM patients first diagnosed in our tertiary care centre from January 2009 to January 2020 were included. Patients were followed until January 2021; their clinical characteristics, chronic complications, treatment regimen, and glycaemic control were compared.

Effect of Hedan Tablets on Body Weight and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Introduction: Apart from their recognized lipid-lowering effect, Hedan tablets, a mixture of Chinese herbal medicines, have demonstrated a certain weight-loss effect in clinical practice. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to verify the effect of Hedan tablets on body weight (BW) and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: A total of 62 eligible patients with MetS were divided into two groups: the treatment group (Hedan tablets at 4.

Applying the China-PAR Risk Algorithm to Assess 10-year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Populations Receiving Routine Physical Examinations in Eastern China.

Objective: To assess the 10-year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk score among adults in eastern China using the China-PAR equation which formulated primarily for the Chinese population.

Methods: Data from 72,129 individuals from 35-74 years old who received routine physical examinations in eastern China were analyzed in this study. The 10-year risk scores were calculated using the China-PAR equation.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass decreases endotoxemia and inflammatory stress in association with improvements in gut permeability in obese diabetic rats.

Background: Postoperative modulation of the gut microbiome has been suggested to contribute to the metabolic benefits after metabolic surgery, but the mechanisms underlying these metabolic benefits remain unknown. Previously, we reported that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats increased the abundance of Proteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. However, theoretically, these Gram-negative bacteria may elevate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels.

The effect of metabolic surgery on nonobese patients (BMI<30 kg/m) with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.

Background: The influence of metabolic surgery on the glucose and lipid profiles of nonobese body mass index<30 kg/m patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly the effect ≥1 year, remains unknown.

Methods: PubMed and Ovid Embase were used.

Setting: University hospitals.

Effects of bariatric surgery on glycemic and lipid metabolism, surgical complication and quality of life in adolescents with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity in adolescents is associated with numerous health risks and co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. Bariatric surgery on adolescents induces weight loss, but little is known about metabolic effects of these operations.

Objective: To explore weight loss and metabolic effects of bariatric surgery on young people.

Modulation of the gut microbiome: a systematic review of the effect of bariatric surgery.

Objective: Bariatric surgery is recommended for patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recent evidence suggested a strong connection between gut microbiota and bariatric surgery.

Design: Systematic review.

Berberine protects against diet-induced obesity through regulating metabolic endotoxemia and gut hormone levels.

Systemic inflammation, which can be induced by metabolic endotoxemia, and corresponding high‑fat diet‑mediated metabolic disorders are associated with gut microbiota. In the present study reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, pyrosequencing, ELISA and Oil Red O staining were performed to assess whether berberine can protect against diet-induced obesity, through modulating the gut microbiota and consequently improving metabolic endotoxemia and gastrointestinal hormone levels. Alterations in the gut microbiota induced by berberine resulted in a significant reduction in bacterial lipopolysaccharide levels in portal plasma.

Gut microbiota after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy in a diabetic rat model: Increased diversity and associations of discriminant genera with metabolic changes.

Recent work with gut microbiota after bariatric surgery is limited, and the results have not been in agreement. Given the role of the gut microbiota in regulating host metabolism, we explored the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on the modifications of gut microbiota with regard to the potential influence of food intake and/or weight loss and examined their links with host metabolism. Zucker diabetic fatty rats were divided into the following groups: RYGB; sham-operated with pair-fed as RYGB; sham-operated fed ad libitum; and SG.

Regulation of plasma lipid homeostasis by hepatic lipoprotein lipase in adult mice.

LPL is a pivotal rate-limiting enzyme to catalyze the hydrolysis of TG in circulation, and plays a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism. However, little attention has been paid to LPL in the adult liver due to its relatively low expression. Here we show that endogenous hepatic LPL plays an important physiological role in plasma lipid homeostasis in adult mice.

Depletion of NAD pool contributes to impairment of endothelial progenitor cell mobilization in diabetes.

Objective: The impaired mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from bone marrow (BM) critically contributes to the diabetes-associated vascular complications. Here, we investigated the relationship between the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-controlled nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism and the impaired mobilization of BM-derived EPCs in diabetic condition.

Methods: The NAMPT-NAD pool in BM and BM-derived EPCs in wild-type (WT) and diabetic db/db mice was determined.

Expression of Phosphorylated AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Predicts Response to Transarterial Chemoembolization in Postoperative Cases of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was commonly used for HCC patients postoperatively. However, the survival benefits of adjuvant TACE were controversial due to the extensive heterogeneity of HCC.

Long-Term outcomes and experience of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: one center's results in China.

Background: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), as one major bariatric surgery for treatment of obesity, results in ineffective long-term weight loss and a high reoperation rate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of LAGB on the weight loss outcomes and reoperation rates of obese patients with different body mass index (BMI) levels in China.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed to review the follow-up data of obese patients who underwent LAGB at Shanghai Changhai Hospital between November 2003 and May 2013.

Glycemic control among patients in China with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving oral drugs or injectables.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing rapidly among Chinese adults, and limited data are available on T2DM management and the status of glycemic control in China. We assessed the efficacy of oral antidiabetes drugs (OADs), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and insulin for treatment of T2DM across multiple regions in China.

Methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional survey of outpatients conducted in 606 hospitals across China.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibits adipocyte differentiation and mediates TNFα action in obesity.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a negative regulator of systemic glucose and insulin homeostasis; however, its exact role in adipocytes is poorly understood. This study was to elucidate the role of PTP1B in adipocyte differentiation and its implication in obesity. During differentiation of 3T3-L1 white preadipocytes, PTP1B decreased progressively with adipocyte maturation.

[The safety and effectiveness of once daily detemir in patients with type 2 diabetes previously failing oral agents: the Chinese cohort from SOLVE(TM) observational study].

Objective: Study of Once-daily LeVEmir(®) (SOLVE(TM)) was a 24-week international observational study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of initiating once-daily insulin detemir (Levemir) as add-on therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who failed treatment of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OAD).

Methods: The present study was derived from the data of Chinese cohort. A total of 3272 patients with T2DM failing OAD were enrolled in the study.

[The baseline characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes initiating insulin detemir : the Chinese cohort from the SOLVE(TM) study].

Objective: To characterize the baseline status of Chinese diabetic patients based on data derived from Chinese cohort from SOLVE(TM) study.

Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes initiating basal insulin detemir at the decision of the physician were eligible for the study. Data on demographics, medical history, glycemic profile and treatment regimen at baseline were collected by physicians.

Rosiglitazone protects against palmitate-induced pancreatic beta-cell death by activation of autophagy via 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase modulation.

Promoting beta-cell survival is crucial for the prevention of beta-cell failure in diabetes. Thiazolidinediones, a widely used drug to improve insulin sensitivity in clinical practice, is found to have a protective effect on islet beta-cell. To date, the mechanism underlying the protective role of thiazolidinedione on beta-cell survival remain largely unknown.

Therapeutic effects of hydrogen saturated saline on rat diabetic model and insulin resistant model via reduction of oxidative stress.

Background: Molecular hydrogen, as a novel antioxidant, has been proven effective in treating many diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of hydrogen saturated saline in treatment of a rat model of diabetes mellitus and a rat model of insulin resistant.

Methods: A rat diabetes mellitus model was established by feeding a high fat/high carbohydrate diet followed by injection of a small dose of streptozotocin, and an insulin resistant model was induced with a high glucose and high fat diet.

Down-regulated expression of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is associated with aggressive clinicopathologic features and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a classical non-transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase that plays a key role in metabolic signaling and can exert both tumor suppressing and tumor promoting effects in different cancers depending on the substrate involved and the cellular context. However, the expression level and function of PTP1B in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. In this study, PTP1B expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in normal liver tissue (n=16) and hepatocellular carcinoma (n=169).

[The role of diabetes mellitus as a risk factor of acute myocardial infarction].

Objective: To determine the impact of elevated in-hospital glucose level on outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and evaluate the role of diabetes mellitus as a risk factor of AMI.

Methods: The study included a retrospective analysis of AMI patients who were admitted to No. 81 Hospital of PLA from January 2000 to May 2010.

Occurrence of and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in Chinese patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence and the risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Chinese patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), with particular emphasis on those with endoscopic or surgical therapy for CP.

Methods: Four hundred forty-five contacted CP patients in our hospital between January 1, 1997, and July 31, 2007, were followed up. Risk factors for DM were determined in a multivariate analysis after exclusion of 58 patients.