Chaetomadramines A-E, a class of siderophores with potent neuroprotective activity from the fungus Chaetomium madrasense cib-1.

Five hydroxamate siderophores, chaetomadramines A-E (1-5), along with seven known compounds were isolated from the fermented rice culture of the fungus Chaetomium madrasense cib-1. Compounds 1-5 were structurally elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, which were a group of unusual hydroxamate siderophores, bearing a long fatty acyl on the α-NH of the N-hydroxylated ornithine. Compounds 2-5 were new.

Differential Expression of Genes Involved in Saikosaponin Biosynthesis Between DC. and Willd.

Radix Bupleuri (roots of spp.) is an important medicinal herb. Triterpenoid saponins of saikosaponins generally constitute the main class of secondary metabolites of plants in the genus.

The contribution of photosynthesis traits and plant height components to plant height in wheat at the individual quantitative trait locus level.

Plant height is an important agronomic trait for morphogenesis and grain yield formation in wheat. In this study, we performed both normal and multivariate conditional quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses for plant height with spike length, internode number, length of the first internode to the sixth internode from the top during harvest, and photosynthesis traits at the seedling stage and heading stage based on a recombinant inbred line population. A total of 49 normal QTLs were detected, as well as 312 conditional QTLs.

Preparation of melanin from Catharsius molossus L. and preliminary study on its chemical structure.

A great deal of melanin was found in the waste alkali liquor produced by extraction of chitin from Catharsius molossus L. Discarding the lye could harm the environment and cause waste of resources. In this paper, melanin from C.

[Extraction technology of diester-type alkaloids from Radix Aconiti lateralis].

Objective: To determine the suitable extraction technology of diester-type alkaloids, such as mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitine from the roots of Aconitum carmichaeli (Radix Aconiti lateralis).

Methods: The contents of mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitine were determined by HPLC. Single-factor experiment was used to study the extraction factors.

[Extraction and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from Aralia cordata].

In this study, microwave-assisted extraction techniques of flavonoids fom Aralia cordata were studied by the single factor analysis and orthogonal test, then the property antioxidant activities of flavonoids extracts were evaluated by two antioxidant assays, for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals scavenging and reducing power. The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: twice extracting Aralia cordata with 75 times volume (V/W) of 30% ethanol at 140W of microwave for 60 min at 80 degrees C. Under these conditions, the extraction yield was 1.

[Study on quality changes of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata under different storage conditions].

Objective: To analyze the changes of the content of water, soluble protein, total alkaloids, polysaccharides of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata under different storage treatments.

Methods: The experiment was conducted in 4 kinds of storage methods, such as sack storage, sand storage, cold storage, and the natural heap as the control.

Results: During storage, the content of water, total alkaloids and polysaccharides tended to decline, while the content of soluble protein increased.