Novel management indications for conservative treatment of chylous ascites after gastric cancer surgery.

Background: Chylous ascites (CA) presents a challenge as a relatively common postoperative complication in gastric cancer (GC). Primary conservative therapy involved total parenteral nutrition, continuous low-pressure drainage, somatostatin, and a low-fat diet. Drainage tube (DT) clamping has been presented as a potential alternative conservative treatment for GC patients with CA.

The genomic architecture of EBV and infected gastric tissue from precursor lesions to carcinoma.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinomas (EBVaGCs) present unique molecular signatures, but the tumorigenesis of EBVaGCs and the role EBV plays during this process remain poorly understood.

Methods: We applied whole-exome sequencing, EBV genome sequencing, and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing to multiple samples (n = 123) derived from the same patients (n = 25), which covered saliva samples and different histological stages from morphologically normal epithelial tissues to dysplasia and EBVaGCs. We compared the genomic landscape between EBVaGCs and their precursor lesions and traced the clonal evolution for each patient.

Pile-up effect in an infrared single-pixel compressive LiDAR system.

Compressive sensing (CS) has been used in LiDAR systems utilizing one single-photon-counting avalanche diode. We demonstrate an unexpected grayscale inversed image of an object at an unchosen depth, which appears in the reconstruction of the infrared single-pixel LiDAR system due to the pile-up effect. A correction algorithm and the sparse measurement are proposed and experimentally verified to effectively reduce the photon pile-up influence, so that the negative images can be completely removed.

Long non-coding RNA XIST regulates gastric cancer progression by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-101 to modulate EZH2 expression.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of tumor progression. However, the role and molecular mechanism of lncRNA XIST in gastric cancer is still unknown.

Methods: Real-time PCR analysis was performed to measure the expression levels of lncRNA XIST in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, the correlation between lncRNA XIST expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed in gastric cancer patients.

Comparison of efficacy in adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in patients with radically resected gastric cancer : a propensity-matched analysis.

Background: We conducted the retrospective study to compare the efficacy of monotherapies versus two-drug regimens as postoperative chemotherapy for patients with radically resected gastric cancer.

Results: At a median follow-up of 5.3 years, no significant difference in terms of OS was observed between two groups, neither before nor after matching.

E3-ligase Skp2 regulates β-catenin expression and maintains hematopoietic stem cell homing.

The homing ability of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) was a critical step for transplantation and subsequent hematopoiesis. Although the HSC transplantation was widely used for many diseases, the mechanism by which HSC homing was regulated remained poorly understood. F-box protein S-phase kinase associated protein2 (Skp2), a component of the Skp2-SCF E3 ligase complex, was regarded as a cell cycle regulator by controlling the level of p21 and p27 through ubiquitination.

Comparison of endoscopic ultrasonography and multislice spiral computed tomography for the preoperative staging of gastric cancer - results of a single institution study of 610 Chinese patients.

Background: This study compared the performance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in the preoperative staging of gastric cancer.

Methodology/principal Findings: A total of 610 patients participated in this study, all of whom had undergone surgical resection, had confirmed gastric cancer and were evaluated with EUS and MSCT. Tumor staging was evaluated using the Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging and Japanese classification.

Time-varying pattern of recurrence risk for gastric cancer patients.

This study analyzed the time-varying pattern of the recurrence risk for gastric cancer after surgery. A total of 1,222 gastric patients undergoing D2 resection surgery were studied retrospectively. The annual recurrence hazard curve for all of the populations showed one early peak and a late rise within 10 years after the surgery.

Beclin-1 expression is a significant predictor of survival in patients with lymph node-positive gastric cancer.

Background: Beclin 1 is a main actor of autophagy. The expression of Beclin 1 and its prognostic role in gastric cancer is largely unexplored. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the expression of beclin 1 in gastric cancer cells, tissues and its relationship with prognosis.

Prognostic significance of overexpression of EZH2 and H3k27me3 proteins in gastric cancer.

The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) methyl transferase and histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) protein can repress gene transcription, and their aberrant expression has been observed in various human cancers. This study determined their expression levels in gastric cancer tissues with reference to clinicopathological features and patient survival. We collected 117 gastric cancer and corresponding normal tissues for immunohistochemistry analysis.

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy.

In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding.

[Comparison of two types of digestive tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy in patients with gastric carcinoma].

Objective: To evaluate the influence of two different types of digestive tract reconstruction on the life quality, nutritional status and tolerance to adjuvant chemotherapy after total gastrectomy in patients with gastric carcinoma.

Methods: The clinical data of a total of 107 patients treated in our department from January 2005 to december 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 49 patients underwent digestive tract reconstruction with functional jejunal interposition (FJI group) and 58 patients underwent Roux en-Y jejunal P-type anastomosis (PR group) after total gastrectomy.

Comparison of the 6th and 7th editions of the UICC TNM staging system for gastric cancer: results of a Chinese single-institution study of 1,503 patients.

Aim: To evaluate the prognostic efficacy of the 7th edition tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification compared with the 6th edition in gastric cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 1,503 gastric cancer patients undergoing surgical resection were staged using the 6th and 7th edition staging systems. Homogeneity, discriminatory ability, and monotonicity of gradients of the two systems were compared using linear trend χ(2), likelihood ratio χ(2) statistics, and Akaike information criterion (AIC) calculations.

Prognosis of 980 patients with gastric cancer after surgical resection.

Background And Objective: Although surgery is the only possible means to cure gastric cancer, the prognosis is often discrepant. The American Joint Committee on Cancer / International Union against Cancer (AJCC/UICC) published the TNM classification of Malignant Tumors (seventh edition) for gastric cancer recently. This study aimed to use this new edition staging system to investigate the prognostic factors for gastric cancer.

Activated mammalian target of rapamycin is a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer.

Background: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a key role in cellular growth and homeostasis. The purpose of our present study is to investigate the expression of activated mTOR (p-mTOR) in gastric cancer patients, their prognostic significance and the inhibition effect of RAD001 on tumor growth and to determine whether targeted inhibition of mTOR could be a potential therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.

Methods: The expression of p-mTOR was detected in specimens of 181 gastric cancers who underwent radical resection (R0) by immunohistochemistry.

No survival benefit from postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy after D2 radical resection for the patients with stage II gastric cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of 2 regimens of postoperative combination chemotherapies on the prognosis of early stage gastric cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 268 patients with stage II gastric cancer underwent D2 resection in our Cancer Center between January 1990 and December 2006 were recruited. Among them, 34 patients received the FAM regimen (5-fluorouracil [5-FU] 600 mg/m(2) intravenous [IV] drip on days 1, 8, 29, and 36; doxorubicin 30 mg/m(2) IV bolus injection on days 1 and 29; and mitomycin-C 10 mg/m(2) IV bolus injection on day 1; repeated every 8 weeks) and 81 patients received the FOLFOX regimen (oxaliplatin 100 mg/m(2) IV drip on days 1 and 15; leucovorin 400 mg/m(2) IV drip on days 1 and 15; 5-FU 400 mg/m(2) IV bolus injection; 5-FU 2.

Relationship between H.Pylori infection and clinicopathological features and prognosis of gastric cancer.

Background: Aimed to assess the relationship between H.Pylori and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of gastric cancer by quantitative detection of H.Pylori.

[Relationship between the number of lymph node detection and prognosis in stage II gastric cancer after D(2) dissection].

Objective: To explore the relationship between the lymph node count and prognosis in stage II gastric cancer.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed for the 268 cases with gastric cancer who underwent parallel D(2) dissection between January 1990 and December 2006 in the Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center. The Japanese Gastric Cancer Association(JGCA) 13th edition of pathological staging system was used to define stage II gastric cancer.

[Pathologic characteristics of residual carcinoma at incisal edge after gastrectomy for gastric cancer].

Objective: To explore the reason, features and preventive measures of residual carcinoma at incisal edge after gastric cancer operation.

Methods: Clinical data of 108 cases with positive incisal margin(6.47%) from December 1964 to December 2004 in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen were summarized and analyzed retrospectively.

Higher percentage of CD133+ cells is associated with poor prognosis in colon carcinoma patients with stage IIIB.

Background: Cancer stem cell model suggested that tumor progression is driven by the overpopulation of cancer stem cells and eradicating or inhibiting the symmetric division of cancer stem cells would become the most important therapeutic strategy. However, clinical evidence for this hypothesis is still scarce. To evaluate the overpopulation hypothesis of cancer stem cells the association of percentage of CD133+ tumor cells with clinicopathological parameters in colon cancer was investigated since CD133 is a putative cancer stem cell marker shared by multiple solid tumors.

Positive lymph node ratio is an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer after d2 resection regardless of the examined number of lymph nodes.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the outcome of the ratio between metastatic and examined lymph nodes (N ratio) in gastric cancer patients with < or =15 examined lymph nodes after D2 lymphadenectomy. A retrospective study was performed in 906 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone D2 resection. Patients with < or =15 examined lymph nodes (group 1, n = 729) and those with >15 lymph nodes (group 2, n = 177) were analyzed separately.

ZM 447439 inhibition of aurora kinase induces Hep2 cancer cell apoptosis in three-dimensional culture.

Mitotic Aurora kinases are essential for accurate chromosome segregation during cell division. Forced overexpression of Aurora kinase results in centrosome amplification and multipolar spindles, causing aneuploidy, a hallmark of cancer. ZM447439 (ZM), an Aurora selective ATP-competitive inhibitor, interferes with the spindle integrity checkpoint and chromosome segregation.