Rapid Characterization and Identification of Flavonoids in Radix Astragali by Ultra-High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Linear Ion Trap-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry.

A simple and effective method was established for separation and characterization of flavonoid constituents in Radix Astragali (RA) by combination of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography with LTQ-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (u-HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS(n)). For three major structural types of flavonoids, the proposed fragmentation pathways and major diagnostic fragment ions of isoflavones, pterocarpans and isoflavans were investigated to trace isoflavonoid derivatives in crude plant extracts. Based on the systematic identification strategy, 48 constituents were rapidly detected and characterized or tentatively identified, many of which were first reported in RA.

Phase I study on the pharmacokinetics and tolerance of ZT-1, a prodrug of huperzine A, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Aim: Huperzine A isolated from the Chinese herb Huperzia serrata (Thunb) Trev is a novel reversible and selective AChE inhibitor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tolerance of single and multiple doses of ZT-1, a novel analogue of huperzine A, in healthy Chinese subjects.

Methods: This was a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized, single- and multiple-dose study.

Neutral fragment filtering for rapid identification of new diester-diterpenoid alkaloids in roots of Aconitum carmichaeli by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometry.

A rapid and effective method was developed for separation and identification of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DDA) in the roots of Aconitum carmichaeli by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution LTQ-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS(n)). According to accurate mass measurement and the characteristic neutral loss filtering strategy, a total of 42 diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DDA) were rapidly detected and characterized or tentatively identified. Meanwhile, the proposed fragmentation pathways and the major diagnostic fragment ions of aconitine, mesaconitine and hypaconitine were investigated to trace DDA derivatives in crude plant extracts.

Glycosidic constituents from the roots and rhizomes of Melicope pteleifolia.

Seven new diglycosidic constituents, named pteleifosides A-G (1-7), along with ten known glycosides, were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Melicope pteleifolia (Champ. ex Benth.) T.

Arylnaphthalene lignan glycosides and other constituents from Phyllanthus reticulatus.

Two new arylnaphthalene lignan glycosides, named reticulatusides A (1) and B (2), together with eight known compounds were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of the whole plant of Phyllanthus reticulatus. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

[Analysis of saponins in Panax notoginseng by UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS/MS].

A method for qualitative analysis of constituents in Panax notoginseng by UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry was established. Based on the high-resolution mass information, MS/MS fragmentation behaviors and chemical components from literatures, 43 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. New type saponin aglycone, combined with malonyl-substituted and acetyl-substituted saponins were discovered and plausibly identified in this study.

[Study on chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract from Blumea aromatica].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract from Blumea aromatica.

Methods: Column chromatographic techniques were used for the isolation and purification. Spectroscopic techniques were used for the identification of structures.

Two new lignans from Celastrus flagellaris Rupr.

Two new lignans (R-biar)-12-angeloyloxy-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,2,3,13,14-pentamethoxy-7,8-dimethyl-7-dibenzo[a,c]cyclooctenol (1) and (R-biar)-12-benzoyloxy-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,2,3,13,14-pentamethoxy-7,8-dimethyl-7-dibenzo[a,c]cyclooctenol (2) were isolated from the stems of Celastrus flagellaris Rupr. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including HR-EI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, HMQC, NOESY, and CD.

Lamiolactone, a new iridoid lactone from Lamiophlomis rotata.

Lamiolactone (1), a new iridoid lactone, together with five known iridoids, were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of the roots of Lamiophlomis rotata. The structure of 1 was elucidated to be methyl antirrhinolide-4-carboxylate on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.

Iridoid glycosides and glycosidic constituents from Eriophyton wallichii Benth.

C₉-iridoid glycosides, wallichiisides A-C, and four dimers, wallichiisides D-G, together with 13 known glycosidic compounds, were isolated from whole plants of Eriophyton wallichii Benth. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature values. Four of these compounds showed moderate DPPH free radical scavenging activity.

Tryptamine derivatives as novel non-nucleosidic inhibitors against hepatitis B virus.

A series of tryptamine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity and cytotoxicity in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

Minor dammarane saponins from the hongshen extract of Shenmai injection.

A new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponin, (20R)-ginsenoside ST(2) (1), along with five known saponins was isolated from the hongshen extract of Shenmai injection. The structure of 1 was elucidated to be (20R)-dammar-23(E)-ene-3β,6α,12β,20,25-pentol 6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside by means of spectroscopic methods.

Lycopodium alkaloids from Huperzia serrata.

A new lycopodane-type Lycopodium alkaloid, 6α-hydroxy-5,15-oxide-lycopodane (1), and seven known alkaloids were isolated from the whole plants of Huperzia serrata. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods. 12-Deoxyhuperzine O (2) was reported as a naturally occurring alkaloid for the first time, and showed an antagonist effect on the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor with an IC(50) value of 0.

Chemical constituents from the leaves of Aglaia perviridis.

A new cinnamic acid-derived bisamide 1 and a new oplopanone-type sesquiterpenoid diglycoside 2, together with 11 known compounds, were isolated from the 95% ethanolic extract of the leaves of Aglaia perviridis. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods.

[Isolation and identification of chemical constituents from peels of Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the peels collected from Citrus changshan-huyou Y. B. Chang, and further screen the bioactive components as the lead structures.

Two new N-oxide Lycopodium alkaloids from Huperzia serrata.

Two new Lycopodium alkaloids, N-oxidehuperzine E (1) and N-oxidehuperzine F (2), along with two known alkaloids, huperzines E (3) and F (4), were isolated from Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical transformations.

[Studies on phenylpropanoids from herbs of Eriophyton wallichii].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Eriophyton wallichii.

Method: Compounds were separated and purified by column chromatographic methods, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

Result: Eight phenylpropanoids were isolated and identified as martynoside (1), leucosceptoside A (2), citrusin B (3), (+)-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-4, 9-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), liriodendrin (5), velutinoside 11[ (6), jionoside B, (7), stachysoside D (8), respectively.

Two new isomeric alpha-tetralones from Pyrola calliantha.

Callianthones A ( 1) and B ( 2), a pair of new isomeric alpha-tetralones, together with a known alpha-tetralone ( 3) and four known flavonoids ( 4 - 7) were isolated from the 50 % EtOH extract of Pyrola calliantha. The structures and absolute configurations of the two new isomers were established to be (2 S,4 R) - and (2 S,4 S)-2,4-dihydroxy-2,7-dimethyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2 H)-one ( 1 and 2, respectively) on the basis of spectral analysis, including 2 D NMR, model studies, and CD spectra.

Vascular effects of different lipophilic components of "Danshen", a traditional Chinese medicine, in the isolated porcine coronary artery.

"Danshen" has been used for the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases in the People's Republic of China for many years. Two different forms of "Danshen" exist, with the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza being the traditional form and the roots of Salvia przewalskii being a surrogate used in the western areas of mainland China. The most abundant lipophilic diterpene quinones present in S.

[Effects of microbes on rooting and on several physiological and biochemical indexes of cuttings of Huperzia serrata].

Objective: To study the effects of soil microbes of habitats, endophytic fungi and root surface fungi of Huperzia serrata on rooting rate of the cuttings and on several physiological and biochemical indexes.

Method: The cuttings of H. serrata were planted on soil I of primary habitat, the soil II had been inoculated endophytic fungi and root surface fungi, the soil III had been auto-claved, rooting rate was examined, and soluble protein and soluble sugar contents, activities of PPO and POD, flavonoids and huperzine A contents were determined.

Glycosidic constituents from Carpesium cernuum L.

Carpesides A (1) and B (2), two new 8-O-4'-neolignan glucosides, and eupatriol 9-O-beta-d-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (3), one new monoterpenoid diglycoside, together with 10 known glycosidic compounds, were isolated from the aerial part of Carpesium cernuum L. The structures of the new glycosides are elucidated by means of chemical methods and spectroscopic studies.

Two new pregnanes from Aglaia perviridis Hiern.

Two new pregnanes, 2alpha,3alpha,20-trihydroxy-16beta-acetoxy-20(R)-pregnane (1) and 2alpha,3alpha,15beta-trihydroxy-16beta-acetoxy-pregnane-20(R)-methacrylate (2), along with five known compounds, were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the twigs of Aglaia perviridis Hiern using chromatographic methods. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of spectral data.

[Mechanism of effects of soil microbes on cuttings rooting of Huperzia serrata].

Objective: To study the effects of soil microbes of habitats on the cuttings rooting of Huperzia serrata and its mechanism.

Method: The cuttings of H. serrata were planted on the primary habitat soil and on the soil autoclaved, rooting rates were examined respectively.

Magnesium tanshinoate B protects endothelial cells against oxidized lipoprotein-induced apoptosis.

The activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays an important role in the induction of cell apoptosis. We previously reported that magnesium tanshinoate B (MTB), a compound purified from a Chinese herb danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), could inhibit ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocyte apoptosis in the heart. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether MTB can prevent oxidized lipoprotein-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells.