Advances, challenges and future applications of liver organoids in experimental regenerative medicine.

The liver is a vital organ responsible for numerous metabolic processes in the human body, including the metabolism of drugs and nutrients. After liver damage, the organ can rapidly return to its original size if the causative factor is promptly eliminated. However, when the harmful stimulus persists, the liver's regenerative capacity becomes compromised.

Bevacizumab First in DRCR Protocol AC vs Real-World Physician Treatment Choice for Diabetic Macular Edema: Two-Year Cost Analysis.

To compare the modeled costs of the Protocol AC bevacizumab-first treatment protocol (with a switch to aflibercept for sub-responders) with real-world costs for treatment-naïve patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) over a 2-year period. Published data from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR) Protocol AC bevacizumab-first arm (154 eyes) were used to model 2-year treatment costs. Real-world costs were modeled using data from the Vestrum Health electronic medical records database from a 2016 to 2018 cohort of treatment-naïve eyes with DME (n = 1062) treated with antivascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy.

Ethical and Professional Decision-Making Capabilities of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots: Evaluating ChatGPT's Professional Competencies in Medicine.

Purpose: We examined the performance of artificial intelligence chatbots on the PREview Practice Exam, an online situational judgment test for professionalism and ethics.

Methods: We used validated methodologies to calculate scores and descriptive statistics, tests, and Fisher's exact tests to compare scores by model and competency.

Results: GPT-3.

SPOP promotes CREB5 ubiquitination to inhibit MET signaling in liver cancer.

Liver cancer is ranked as the sixth most prevalent from of malignancy globally and stands as the third primary contributor to cancer-related mortality. Metastasis is the main reason for liver cancer treatment failure and patient deaths. Speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP) serves as a crucial substrate junction protein within the cullin-RING E3 ligase complex, acting as a significant tumor suppressor in liver cancer.

Mechanical Properties of Porcine and Fish Skin-Based Collagen and Conjugated Collagen Fibers.

Collagen is a protein that is a major component of animal skins and tendons. It is used in various medical, cosmetic, and food products through extraction and purification. The fibrous products of purified collagen fibers extracted from raw mammal materials have relatively excellent mechanical properties and are used for high-end medical products.

A decellularized porcine pulmonary valved conduit embedded with gelatin.

To prepare a tissue-engineered pulmonary valved conduit (PVC) with good tensile strength and biocompatibility. Sixty adult porcine PVCs were used to determine the optimal decellularization time. Five juvenile porcine decellularized PVCs and five juvenile porcine crosslinked PVCs were subsequently prepared according to the optimized decellularization and crosslinking methods.

The prevalence of heifer mastitis and its associated risk factors in Huanggang, Central China.

The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of heifer clinical mastitis (HCM) and heifer subclinical mastitis (HSCM), isolate HCM-causing bacteria, and assess the association of some risk factors in Huanggang, Central China. A total of 1,374 lactating heifers from three dairy farms were examined in the present study; 22.64% of heifers were positive for mastitis, out of which, 3.

[Research progress of skeletal myoblasts for cardiac repair].

Objective: To review the recent research progress of skeletal myoblasts for cardiac repair.

Methods: The related literature about skeletal myoblasts for cardiac repair was reviewed, analyzed, and summarized.

Results: The results of animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that skeletal myoblasts been transplanted into the regional myocardial infarction area in different ways can improve cardiac function.

Effect of carbodiimide cross-linking of decellularized porcine pulmonary artery valvular leaflets.

Decellularization provides low immunogenicity and is only slightly subject to calcification in tissue engineering. However, the mechanical properties of the tissues are weakened after decellularization. We adopted cross-linking agent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) to treat decellularized porcine pulmonary artery valvular leaflets to improve their mechanical properties.

An in vivo model of in situ implantation using pulmonary valved conduit in large animals under off-pump condition.

Background: The application of pulmonary valved conduit to reconstruct the continuity between right ventricles and pulmonary artery is one of the major surgeries. This study aimed to establish an in vivo model of in situ implantation using pulmonary valved conduit in large animals under off-pump condition to validate the long-term effects of artificial pulmonary valved conduit.

Methods: Domesticate juvenile male sheep and tissue-engineered porcine pulmonary valved conduit were used for the experiment: 30 sheep, weighing (15 ± 3) kg (range 13 to 17 kg) were randomly divided into two groups which were all operated under general anesthesia by off-pump surgery (group 1) and left thoracotomy (group 2).

A novel surgical procedure: scaffold-pulmonary autograft transplantation.

Mitral valve-related operations are easy to perform and show good results, but to prevent severe thromboembolism or a high ratio of prosthetic valve destruction by tissue, lifetime anticoagulant therapy is essential after the operation. Thus, identifying a new type of surgical procedure and prosthetic valve to cure mitral valve diseases is necessary. Pulmonary valve autograft transplantation (Ross II) with the "top hat" transplantation technique was first reported by Ross DN to cure mitral disease.

Decellularized porcine pulmonary arteries cross-linked by carbodiimide.

The physical properties of the tissues are weakened after decellularization, and the exposed collagen fibers are prone to thrombogenesis. Several studies have proven that the use of carbodiimide (EDC) as a cross-linking agent can improve the properties of decellularized xenogeneic scaffold materials. We adopted EDC for the treatment of porcine pulmonary arteries in an effort to improve the physical properties of these arteries following decellularization.

Lack of comprehension of common prostate cancer terms in an underserved population.

Purpose: To assess the comprehension of common medical terms used in prostate cancer in patient education materials to obtain informed consent, and to measure outcomes after prostate cancer treatment. We address this issue among underserved, African-American men because of the increased cancer incidence and mortality observed in this population.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed patient education materials and prostate-specific quality-of-life instruments to identify technical terms describing sexual, urinary, and bowel function.

Development and testing of the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Dentistry (TOFHLiD).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Dentistry (TOFHLiD), a new instrument to measure functional oral health literacy.

Methods: TOFHLiD uses text passages and prompts related to fluoride use and access to care to assess reading comprehension and numerical ability. Parents of pediatric dental patients (n = 102) were administered TOFHLiD, a medical literacy comprehension test (TOFHLA), and two word recognition tests [Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (REALD), Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM)].

Evaluation of a word recognition instrument to test health literacy in dentistry: the REALD-99.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate a dental health literacy word recognition instrument.

Methods: Based on a reading recognition test used in medicine, the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM), we developed the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (REALD-99). Parents of pediatric dental patients were recruited from local dental clinics and asked to read aloud words in both REALM and REALD-99.

The microrheological changes in the course of erythrocyte senescence after phenylhydrazine injection.

To study the microrheological characteristics of RBCs during erythrocyte senescence in vivo, an anemia model of rabbit induced by phenylhydrazine injection was developed. Measurements of the hematocrit, the deformation indexes, the blood viscosity and the sedimentation, etc. were performed in vivo for more than 60 days in the processes of RBC senescence.