Assessing alcohol industry penetration and government safeguards: the International Alcohol Control Study.

Background: The alcohol industry uses many of the tobacco industry's strategies to influence policy-making, yet unlike the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, there is no intergovernmental guidance on protecting policies from alcohol industry influence. Systematic assessment of alcohol industry penetration and government safeguards is also lacking. Here, we aimed to identify the nature and extent of industry penetration in a cross-section of jurisdictions.

Relativistic Guiding-Center Motion: Action Principle, Kinetic Theory and Hydrodynamics.

We treat the guiding-center dynamics in a varying external Maxwell field using a relativistically covariant action principle which reproduces the known Vandervoort expression for the drift velocity and extends it to curved spacetime. We derive the corresponding kinetic theory and ideal hydrodynamic theory. In contrast to conventional five-equation hydrodynamics, the guiding-center hydrodynamics needs only three equations due to a constraint on the motion across magnetic field.

Multiple Magnetorotons and Spectral Sum Rules in Fractional Quantum Hall Systems.

We study, numerically, the charge neutral excitations (magnetorotons) in fractional quantum Hall systems, concentrating on the two Jain states near quarter filling, ν=2/7 and ν=2/9, and the ν=1/4 Fermi-liquid state itself. In contrast to the ν=1/3 states and the Jain states near half filling, on each of the two Jain states ν=2/7 and ν=2/9 the graviton spectral densities show two, instead of one, magnetoroton peaks. The magnetorotons have spin 2 and have opposite chiralities in the ν=2/7 state and the same chirality in the ν=2/9 state.

Perceptions and Use of Electronic Cigarettes Among Young Adults in Vietnam 2020.

Electronic cigarette use among adolescents has increased in the past decade. Little is known about the perception and use of e-cigarettes in Vietnam, especially among young people. This study examines the perceptions and use of electronic cigarettes among young adults in Vietnam.

Universal Properties of Weakly Bound Two-Neutron Halo Nuclei.

We construct an effective field theory of a two-neutron halo nucleus in the limit where the two-neutron separation energy B and the neutron-neutron two-body virtual energy ε_{n} are smaller than any other energy scale in the problem, but the scattering between the core and a single neutron is not fine-tuned, and the Efimov effect does not operate. The theory has one dimensionless coupling which formally runs to a Landau pole in the ultraviolet. We show that many properties of the system are universal in the double fine-tuning limit.

Unnuclear physics: Conformal symmetry in nuclear reactions.

We investigate a nonrelativistic version of Georgi's "unparticle physics." We define the unnucleus as a field in a nonrelativistic conformal field theory. Such a field is characterized by a mass and a conformal dimension.

Tuning the quantumness of simple Bose systems: A universal phase diagram.

We present a comprehensive theoretical study of the phase diagram of a system of many Bose particles interacting with a two-body central potential of the so-called Lennard-Jones form. First-principles path-integral computations are carried out, providing essentially exact numerical results on the thermodynamic properties. The theoretical model used here provides a realistic and remarkably general framework for describing simple Bose systems ranging from crystals to normal fluids to superfluids and gases.

Multilevel Analysis of 24-Hour Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Associated Factors among Police Officers in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: Due to long-hour outdoor working environment, policemen have been subjected to tremendous health risks including blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In tropical countries, the temperature is extremely harsh which may get peak at above 40 Celsius degrees or drops under 8 Celsius degrees. However, the existing data on the effects of weather variation on BP and HR among police task force has been scarce in Vietnam.

Factors associated with the duration of hospitalisation among COVID-19 patients in Vietnam: A survival analysis.

Background: The median duration of hospital stays due to COVID-19 has been reported in several studies on China as 10-13 days. Global studies have indicated that the length of hospitalisation depends on different factors, such as the time elapsed from exposure to symptom onset, and from symptom onset to hospital admission, as well as specificities of the country under study. The goal of this paper is to identify factors associated with the median duration of hospital stays of COVID-19 patients during the second COVID-19 wave that hit Vietnam from 5 March to 8 April 2020.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Breast Cancer Early Detection Among Women in a Mountainous Area in Northern Vietnam.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women all over the world, also in Vietnam. In recent years, the incidence of breast cancer has been increasing in Vietnam, and most cases are diagnosed at late stages, making treatment more difficult. More and better early detection could help more women to survive.

Bosonic Superfluid on the Lowest Landau Level.

We develop a low-energy effective field theory of a two-dimensional bosonic superfluid on the lowest Landau level at zero temperature and identify a Berry term that governs the dynamics of coarse-grained superfluid degrees of freedom. For an infinite vortex crystal we compute how the Berry term affects the low-energy spectrum of soft collective Tkachenko oscillations and nondissipative Hall responses of the particle number current and stress tensor. This term gives rise to a quadratic in momentum term in the Hall conductivity, but does not generate a nondissipative Hall viscosity.

Potential health impacts of increasing the cigarette tax in Viet Nam.

Background: Even after the implementation of MPOWER, Viet Nam's cigarette tax remains only 36% of the retail price. This falls short of the World Health Organization's (WHO's) recommendation that the tax share be 70% of the retail price.

Objective: To assess the health impact of different levels of cigarette taxation by estimating the impact on reducing tobacco consumption and smoking-attributable deaths (SADs).

The roles of, activities of, and competencies for, community nursing services in rural Vietnam: Implications for policy decisions.

Community health workforce plays a vital role in providing primary health care services as per the needs of residents; however, few studies have examined how nurses work within commune health centers (CHCs). Using qualitative methods including interviews and focus group discussions with key stakeholders, this study explores the roles, activities, and competencies required of community nursing services in rural districts within Vietnam. Two primary roles were identified: CHC nursing and family nursing.

Wealth gradient-based divergence in the prevalence of underweight among women by marital status in Quoc Oai district, Vietnam.

Background: The prevalence of underweight is high among women in Asian countries, despite nutritional changes in the region. Previous studies have demonstrated independent associations between female body weight, marital status and economic status. However, few studies have investigated possible interaction between marital and economic status in relation to Asian women's body weight.

Health Service Utilization Among People With Noncommunicable Diseases in Rural Vietnam.

Context: Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have been shown to be major causes of morbidity and mortality in hospitals for the whole country.

Objective: This study aims to describe the situation of health service utilization among people with NCDs in a rural area and identify association between the situation of health service utilization among people with chronic diseases and their socioeconomic status.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

Higher-Spin Theory of the Magnetorotons.

Fractional quantum Hall liquids exhibit a rich set of excitations, the lowest energy of which are the magnetorotons with dispersion minima at a finite momentum. We propose a theory of the magnetorotons on the quantum Hall plateaux near half filling, namely, at filling fractions ν=N/(2N+1) at large N. The theory involves an infinite number of bosonic fields arising from bosonizing the fluctuations of the shape of the composite Fermi surface.

On Global Dissipativity of Nonautonomous Neural Networks With Multiple Proportional Delays.

This brief addresses the problem of global dissipativity analysis of nonautonomous neural networks with multiple proportional delays. By using a novel constructive approach based on some comparison techniques for differential inequalities, new explicit delay-independent conditions are derived using M-matrix theory to ensure the existence of generalized exponential attracting sets and the global dissipativity of the system. The method presented in this brief is also utilized to derive a generalized exponential estimate for a class of Halanay-type inequalities with proportional delays.

Fractional charge and inter-Landau-level states at points of singular curvature.

The quest for universal properties of topological phases is fundamentally important because these signatures are robust to variations in system-specific details. Aspects of the response of quantum Hall states to smooth spatial curvature are well-studied, but challenging to observe experimentally. Here we go beyond this prevailing paradigm and obtain general results for the response of quantum Hall states to points of singular curvature in real space; such points may be readily experimentally actualized.

Finite-time Lyapunov exponents and metabolic control coefficients for threshold detection of stimulus-response curves.

In biochemical networks transient dynamics plays a fundamental role, since the activation of signalling pathways is determined by thresholds encountered during the transition from an initial state (e.g. an initial concentration of a certain protein) to a steady-state.

Early sexual initiation and multiple sexual partners among Vietnamese women: analysis from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 2011.

Introduction: Under current HIV transmission mechanisms operating in Vietnam, women are seen as victims of their male partners. Having multiple sexual partners is one of the well-known risk factors for HIV infection. However, little is known about women's risky sexual behaviour and their vulnerability to HIV in Vietnam.

Collisions in Chiral Kinetic Theory.

Using a covariant formalism, we construct a chiral kinetic theory Lorentz invariant to order O(ℏ), which includes collisions. We find a new contribution to the particle number current due to the side jumps required by the conservation of angular momentum during collisions. We also find a conserved symmetric stress-energy tensor as well as the H function obeying Boltzmann's H theorem.

Lorentz invariance in chiral kinetic theory.

We show that Lorentz invariance is realized nontrivially in the classical action of a massless spin-1/2 particle with definite helicity. We find that the ordinary Lorentz transformation is modified by a shift orthogonal to the boost vector and the particle momentum. The shift ensures angular momentum conservation in particle collisions and implies a nonlocality of the collision term in the Lorentz-invariant kinetic theory due to side jumps.

Super Efimov effect of resonantly interacting fermions in two dimensions.

We study a system of spinless fermions in two dimensions with a short-range interaction fine-tuned to a p-wave resonance. We show that three such fermions form an infinite tower of bound states of orbital angular momentum ℓ=±1 and their binding energies obey a universal doubly exponential scaling E(3)((n))∝exp(-2e(3πn/4+θ)) at large n. This "super Efimov effect" is found by a renormalization group analysis and confirmed by solving the bound state problem.

Berry curvature, triangle anomalies, and the chiral magnetic effect in Fermi liquids.

In a three-dimensional Fermi liquid, quasiparticles near the Fermi surface may possess a Berry curvature. We show that if the Berry curvature has a nonvanishing flux through the Fermi surface, the particle number associated with this Fermi surface has a triangle anomaly in external electromagnetic fields. We show how Landau's Fermi liquid theory should be modified to take into account the Berry curvature.

Massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG): association between its addiction, self-control and mental disorders among young people in Vietnam.

Aims: To explore the association between MMORPG addiction and mental health status, and between self-control ability and mental health status among young male MMORPG players in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 10 computer game rooms were randomly selected out of 77 in five communes in Hanoi. From these game rooms, 350 MMORPG players were purposively recruited as a study group, of whom 344 completed the questionnaire.