Unravelling neuroregenerative and neuroprotective roles of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in ischemic stroke: Insights into molecular mechanisms.

Stroke is a serious condition often resulting in mortality or long-term disability, causing cognitive, memory, and motor impairments. A reduction in cerebral blood flow below critical levels defines the ischemic core and penumbra: the core undergoes irreversible damage, while the penumbra remains viable but functionally impaired. This functional impairment activates complex cell signaling pathways that determine cell survival or death, making the penumbra a key target for therapeutic interventions to prevent further damage.

Identification of nine putative novel members of plant-infecting alphaflexiviruses in public domain plant transcriptomes.

Unlabelled: Plant-infecting alphaflexiviruses cause moderate to severe diseases in economically important crops worldwide. In the present study, we identified nine putative novel alphaflexiviruses in nine plant species by exploring the publicly available plant transcriptome data in Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database. Coding-complete genomes of all the identified viruses were recovered and contained five to six open reading frames (ORFs).

Early prediction of preeclampsia using the first trimester vaginal microbiome.

Preeclampsia is a severe obstetrical syndrome which contributes to 10-15% of all maternal deaths. Although the mechanisms underlying systemic damage in preeclampsia-such as impaired placentation, endothelial dysfunction, and immune dysregulation-are well studied, the initial triggers of the condition remain largely unknown. Furthermore, although the pathogenesis of preeclampsia begins early in pregnancy, there are no early diagnostics for this life-threatening syndrome, which is typically diagnosed much later, after systemic damage has already manifested.

Role of Textural Analysis Parameters Derived from FDG PET/CT in Diagnosing Cardiac Sarcoidosis.

 Texture and radiomic analysis characterize the lesion's phenotype and evaluate its microenvironment in quantitative terms. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of textural features of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) images in differentiating patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) from patients with physiologic myocardial uptake.  This is a retrospective, single-center study of 67 patients, 17 diagnosed CS patients, and 50 non-CS patients.

Laparoscopic Repair of Duodenal Perforation Using the Falciform Ligament: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Duodenal perforation is a life-threatening condition. Laparoscopic repair using the falciform ligament is a minimally invasive technique that has shown promising results. We present a case series of patients who underwent laparoscopic repair of duodenal perforation using the falciform ligament as an alternative to conventional techniques.

Nonmotor Manifestations of Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and Its Correlation with the Severity and Duration of the Disease: A Cross-sectional Study.

Overview: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is common in individuals over the age of 50 years, affecting about 1% of the population. Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) are a common occurrence in PD, but they are often ignored by motor symptoms. Studies have shown that NMS in PD show a significant impact on quality of life.

The impact of tobacco smoking and smoking cessation on lung cancer and stroke incidence among people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a simulation modeling study.

Introduction: With declining HIV-related mortality, over 20% of people with HIV (PWH) in South Africa are now over age 50 years, and tobacco-related non-communicable disease burden is increasing. We quantified the impact of smoking and smoking cessation on lung cancer and stroke incidence among PWH in South Africa.

Methods: Using a microsimulation model, we simulated 18 cohorts of initially virologically suppressed PWH over their lifetime, categorised by sex, initial age (35 years/45 years/55 years) and smoking status (current/former/never).

Survey of Utilization of Weightbearing Computed Tomography Within AOFAS Membership.

Background: Weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) has been increasingly employed to evaluate and treat patients with varied pathologies such as progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD), posttraumatic deformity, hallux valgus, ankle arthritis, Charcot arthropathy, lisfranc, and syndesmosis injuries. However, little is known regarding its overall availability to foot and ankle providers and how it is being used in clinical practice. The goal of this study is to assess the utilization of WBCT among AOFAS members, identify the indications for use in clinical practice and potential barriers for implementation.

Fmoc-Pro-Phe-OMe dipeptide carbon sensor for simultaneous detection of chloramphenicol (CP) and furazolidone (FZ) toxic residues in food samples.

In this work, we fabricated the Fmoc-Pro-Phe-OMe modified carbon paste electrode (FPPO/MCPE) and used it for electrochemical detection of CP and FZ in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7). We characterized the Fmoc-Pro-Phe-OMe and applied it for the electrochemical detection of CP and FZ.

Correlation Between Self-reported or Supervised Physical Activity in Noncommunicable Diseases and Comorbidities During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The aim of the study is to systematically identify the protective and ameliorative effects of physical activity among people with noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, chronic vascular disease, hypertension, and existing comorbidities during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: The trial is registered in the PROSPERO registry and used the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes) strategy to perform the search strategy. Assessors analyzed related studies in the MEDLINE, PROQUEST, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, Physiotherapy Evidence, and Science Direct databases between December 2022 and January 2023.

Oral health status among lorry drivers in Hyderabad city - A cross sectional study.

Background: Lorry drivers work tirelessly behind the wheels, commuting from one place to another without regular and adequate food, rest and sleep. These people often have odd working hours, long work shifts with frequent changes to their work schedule. In addition, they work in unfavorable climate conditions and face variety of problems like traffic congestions, vehicle fumes, vibrations and poor conditions of roads.

Insertion and Anchoring of the HIV-1 Fusion Peptide into a Complex Membrane Mimicking the Human T-Cell.

A fundamental understanding of how the HIV-1 envelope (Env) protein facilitates fusion is still lacking. The HIV-1 fusion peptide, consisting of 15 to 22 residues, is the N-terminus of the gp41 subunit of the Env protein. Further, this peptide, a promising vaccine candidate, initiates viral entry into target cells by inserting and anchoring into human immune cells.

From onset to advancement: the temporal spectrum of α-synuclein in synucleinopathies.

This review provides an in-depth analysis of the complex role of alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) in the development of α-synucleinopathies, with a particular focus on its structural diversity and the resulting clinical variability. The ability of α-Syn to form different strains or polymorphs and undergo various post-translational modifications significantly contributes to the wide range of symptoms observed in disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), as well as in lesser-known non-classical α-synucleinopathies. The interaction between genetic predispositions and environmental factors further complicates α-synucleinopathic disease pathogenesis, influencing the disease-specific onset and progression.

Predictors of Using Pharmacists as a Medication Safety Information Resource Among Women of Reproductive Age.

Background: Medication use during pregnancy is prevalent with notable increases in the use of over-the-counter medications. In this era of information proliferation, it is important to understand where women of reproductive age obtain information on medication safety.

Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the predictive factors associated with the utilization of pharmacists as a medication information safety resource among reproductive age women.

Generating Real-World Evidence From the Excellence Network in Rheumatology.

Purpose: The Excellence Network in RheumatoloGY (ENRGY) was founded in 2021 and encompasses data from more than 700 private practice rheumatology providers throughout the United States, forming a practice-based research network (PBRN).

Methods: Electronic health record (EHR) data from participating practices are aggregated, including structured data (e.g.

Evaluating predictive patterns of antigen-specific B cells by single-cell transcriptome and antibody repertoire sequencing.

The field of antibody discovery typically involves extensive experimental screening of B cells from immunized animals. Machine learning (ML)-guided prediction of antigen-specific B cells could accelerate this process but requires sufficient training data with antigen-specificity labeling. Here, we introduce a dataset of single-cell transcriptome and antibody repertoire sequencing of B cells from immunized mice, which are labeled as antigen specific or non-specific through experimental selections.

Definitive Radiotherapy for Oligometastatic and Oligoprogressive Thyroid Cancer: A Potential Strategy for Systemic Therapy Deferral.

Background: Definitive radiotherapy (dRT) has been shown to be an effective option for patients with oligometastatic and oligoprogressive cancers; however, this approach has not been well-studied in metastatic thyroid cancer.

Methods: This retrospective cohort included 119 patients with oligometastatic (34%) and oligoprogressive (66%) metastatic thyroid cancer treated from 2005 to 2024 with 207 dRT courses for 344 sites (50% thoracic, 37% bone, 7.5% brain, 4% abdominopelvic, and 1.

Influence of Humeral Component Cement and Bone Grafting on Greater Tuberosity Healing and Functional Outcomes After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is increasingly used in the treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) with reliable clinical improvement. However, the preferred techniques for humeral stem fixation are varied and may be influenced by patient and injury characteristics, including bone quality and fracture pattern. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine the effect of humeral component cementing and bone grafting on tuberosity healing rates and functional outcomes after RSA for PHFs.

Lipid a remodeling modulates outer membrane vesicle biogenesis by .

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are small membrane enclosed sacs released from bacteria which serve as carriers of biomolecules that shape interactions with the surrounding environment. The periodontal pathogen, , is a prolific OMV producer. Here, we investigated how the structure of lipid A, a core outer membrane molecule, influences OMV production, OMV-dependent TLR4 activation, and biofilm formation.